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    THNSL2 threonine synthase like 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 55258, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    THNSL2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    threonine synthase like 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:25602
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000144115 MIM:611261; AllianceGenome:HGNC:25602
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    THS2; TSH2; SOFAT
    Summary
    This gene encodes a threonine synthase-like protein. A similar enzyme in mouse can catalyze the degradation of O-phospho-homoserine to a-ketobutyrate, phosphate, and ammonia. This protein also has phospho-lyase activity on both gamma and beta phosphorylated substrates. In mouse an alternatively spliced form of this protein has been shown to act as a cytokine and can induce the production of the inflammatory cytokine IL6 in osteoblasts. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in kidney (RPKM 9.9), thyroid (RPKM 9.5) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See THNSL2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2p11.2
    Exon count:
    9
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (88170346..88186627)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (88181454..88198653)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (88469865..88486146)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928347 Neighboring gene fatty acid binding protein 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11729 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:88485325-88486142 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:88501273-88501863 Neighboring gene RNY4 pseudogene 15 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907855

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (13 hits/1256 screens)

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of threonine synthase-like 2 (THNSL2) by siRNA has both activating and inhibiting activities on HIV-1 replication in HeLa P4/R5 cells, suggesting a regulatory role in HIV replication PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Clone Names

    • FLJ10916, FLJ35504

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables cytokine activity  
    enables pyridoxal phosphate binding  
    enables pyridoxal phosphate binding PubMed 
    enables serine binding PubMed 
    NOT enables threonine synthase activity  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in 2-oxobutyrate biosynthetic process  
    involved_in 2-oxobutyrate biosynthetic process PubMed 
    involved_in dephosphorylation PubMed 
    involved_in serine family amino acid catabolic process  
    involved_in serine family amino acid catabolic process PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular space  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    threonine synthase-like 2
    Names
    secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells
    NP_001231605.1
    NP_001231607.1
    NP_001371311.1
    NP_001371312.1
    NP_060741.3
    XP_005264458.1
    XP_005264459.1
    XP_006712104.1
    XP_006712105.1
    XP_006712106.1
    XP_006712107.1
    XP_011531255.1
    XP_011531256.1
    XP_011531257.1
    XP_024308743.1
    XP_047300852.1
    XP_047300854.1
    XP_047300855.1
    XP_047300856.1
    XP_047300857.1
    XP_047300858.1
    XP_054198756.1
    XP_054198757.1
    XP_054198758.1
    XP_054198759.1
    XP_054198760.1
    XP_054198761.1
    XP_054198762.1
    XP_054198763.1
    XP_054198764.1
    XP_054198765.1
    XP_054198766.1
    XP_054198767.1
    XP_054198768.1
    XP_054198769.1
    XP_054198770.1
    XP_054198771.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_030037.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5052..21333
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001244676.2 → NP_001231605.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001231605.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) has a longer 5' UTR and uses an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC092836, AI313402, BC064423
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58718.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q86YJ6
      Related
      ENSP00000339563.4, ENST00000343544.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 359
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
    2. NM_001244678.2 → NP_001231607.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001231607.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, 3' UTR, and has multiple coding region differences, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 3) is shorter at the N-terminus and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC092836, AI313402, AK315831
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS74539.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K0C1
      Related
      ENSP00000366464.4, ENST00000377254.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00342
      Location:1 → 201
      Trp-synth-beta_II; Tryptophan synthase beta superfamily (fold type II); this family of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyzes beta-replacement and beta-elimination reactions. This CD corresponds to aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), tryptophan ...
    3. NM_001384382.1 → NP_001371311.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC092836
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS74539.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K0C1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00342
      Location:1 → 201
      Trp-synth-beta_II; Tryptophan synthase beta superfamily (fold type II); this family of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyzes beta-replacement and beta-elimination reactions. This CD corresponds to aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), tryptophan ...
    4. NM_001384383.1 → NP_001371312.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform 5

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC092836
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS92801.1
      Related
      ENST00000674282.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 359
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
    5. NM_018271.5 → NP_060741.3  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_060741.3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC092836
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2002.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KTB1, B5MDX8, B7WPF8, D9ZZB8, Q6P2M7, Q6PI27, Q86YJ6, Q9NV54
      Related
      ENSP00000501453.1, ENST00000674334.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 464
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      88170346..88186627
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006712041.4 → XP_006712104.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X3

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 408
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
      PRK09225
      Location:1 → 397
      PRK09225; threonine synthase; Validated
    2. XM_006712044.4 → XP_006712107.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X13

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JU10
      Related
      ENSP00000407553.1, ENST00000449349.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00342
      Location:2 → 268
      Trp-synth-beta_II; Tryptophan synthase beta superfamily (fold type II); this family of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyzes beta-replacement and beta-elimination reactions. This CD corresponds to aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), tryptophan ...
    3. XM_011532954.3 → XP_011531256.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X6

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 399
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
      PRK09225
      Location:1 → 389
      PRK09225; threonine synthase; Validated
    4. XM_047444898.1 → XP_047300854.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X8

      Related
      ENSP00000501447.1, ENST00000496844.6
    5. XM_047444900.1 → XP_047300856.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X10

    6. XM_047444901.1 → XP_047300857.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X12

    7. XM_011532955.3 → XP_011531257.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X11

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00342
      Location:1 → 306
      Trp-synth-beta_II; Tryptophan synthase beta superfamily (fold type II); this family of pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyzes beta-replacement and beta-elimination reactions. This CD corresponds to aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), tryptophan ...
    8. XM_047444902.1 → XP_047300858.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X14

    9. XM_024452975.2 → XP_024308743.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KTB1, B5MDX8, B7WPF8, D9ZZB8, Q6P2M7, Q6PI27, Q86YJ6, Q9NV54
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 464
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
    10. XM_006712043.3 → XP_006712106.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X7

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006712106.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q86YJ6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 359
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
    11. XM_047444899.1 → XP_047300855.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X9

    12. XM_011532953.3 → XP_011531255.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X2

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 408
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
      PRK09225
      Location:1 → 397
      PRK09225; threonine synthase; Validated
    13. XM_005264402.4 → XP_005264459.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X4

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 408
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
      PRK09225
      Location:1 → 397
      PRK09225; threonine synthase; Validated
    14. XM_006712042.4 → XP_006712105.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X5

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 408
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...
      PRK09225
      Location:1 → 397
      PRK09225; threonine synthase; Validated
    15. XM_047444896.1 → XP_047300852.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KTB1, B5MDX8, B7WPF8, D9ZZB8, Q6P2M7, Q6PI27, Q86YJ6, Q9NV54
      Related
      ENSP00000327323.5, ENST00000324166.7
    16. XM_005264401.6 → XP_005264458.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005264458.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KTB1, B5MDX8, B7WPF8, D9ZZB8, Q6P2M7, Q6PI27, Q86YJ6, Q9NV54
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01560
      Location:2 → 464
      Thr-synth_2; Threonine synthase catalyzes the final step of threonine biosynthesis. The conversion of O-phosphohomoserine into threonine and inorganic phosphate is pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent. The Thr-synth_1 CD includes members from higher plants, cyanobacteria, ...

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      88181454..88198653
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054342791.1 → XP_054198766.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X8

    2. XM_054342786.1 → XP_054198761.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X3

    3. XM_054342795.1 → XP_054198770.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X13

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JU10
    4. XM_054342789.1 → XP_054198764.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X6

    5. XM_054342794.1 → XP_054198769.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X12

    6. XM_054342790.1 → XP_054198765.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X7

    7. XM_054342792.1 → XP_054198767.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X9

    8. XM_054342785.1 → XP_054198760.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X2

    9. XM_054342787.1 → XP_054198762.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X4

    10. XM_054342788.1 → XP_054198763.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X5

    11. XM_054342782.1 → XP_054198757.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X1

    12. XM_054342793.1 → XP_054198768.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X10

    13. XM_054342781.1 → XP_054198756.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X1

    14. XM_054342796.1 → XP_054198771.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X11

    15. XM_054342784.1 → XP_054198759.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X1

    16. XM_054342783.1 → XP_054198758.1  threonine synthase-like 2 isoform X1

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