Gdf9 growth differentiation factor 9 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gdf9provided by RGD
Official Full Name: growth differentiation factor 9provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:71038
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000007301 AllianceGenome:RGD:71038
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Predicted to enable cytokine activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including embryonic cleavage; ovarian cumulus expansion; and positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within negative regulation of cell growth and oocyte growth. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Predicted to be active in extracellular space. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in primary ovarian insufficiency 14. Orthologous to human GDF9 (growth differentiation factor 9). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Testes (RPKM 8.8), Uterus (RPKM 5.3) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 10q22

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	10	NC_086028.1 (38090021..38100801)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	10	NC_051345.1 (37589200..37599970)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	10	NC_005109.4 (38782519..38793238)

Chromosome 10 - NC_086028.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Decreased growth differentiation factor 9, bone morphogenetic protein 15, and forkhead box O3a expressions in the ovary via ulipristal acetate.
Title: Decreased growth differentiation factor 9, bone morphogenetic protein 15, and forkhead box O3a expressions in the ovary via ulipristal acetate.
INSL3 is a key theca cell-derived growth factor for preantral follicle and its action is mediated by GDF9
Title: Insulin-like 3-induced rat preantral follicular growth is mediated by growth differentiation factor 9.
Findings support the concept that thyroid hormone regulates ovarian follicular development and promotes FSH-induced preantral follicular growth through up-regulation of FSHR, a mechanism dependent on the expression and action of oocyte-derived GDF-9.
Title: Growth differentiation factor-9 mediates follicle-stimulating hormone-thyroid hormone interaction in the regulation of rat preantral follicular development.
GDF9 regulates the expression of R-SMAD2/3-responsive reporter genes through ALK4, 5 or 7 in extra-ovarian (adrenocortical and Sertoli) cells with similar potency and signalling pathway to its actions on granulosa cells
Title: Extra-ovarian expression and activity of growth differentiation factor 9.
GDF-9 plays an important role in promoting preantral follicle growth by up-regulating follicular androgen biosynthesis. GDF-9 is essential for CYP17A1 expression during follicular development from the preantral to the early antral stage.
Title: Growth differentiation factor 9 promotes rat preantral follicle growth by up-regulating follicular androgen biosynthesis.
GDF9 and BMP15 are germ cell-specific factors in the rat testis, and GDF9 can modulate key Sertoli cell functions.
Title: Growth differentiation factor 9 is a germ cell regulator of Sertoli cell function.
A single injection of the VEGF or GDF-9 gene stimulated follicular development, and injection of both genes did increase the number of ovulated oocytes from individual animals.
Title: Gene injections of vascular endothelial growth factor and growth differentiation factor-9 stimulate ovarian follicular development in immature female rats.
The initial interaction of oGDF9 and oBMP15 is with BMPRII and that a type I receptor is either recruited or already associated with BMPRII to mediate the cooperative effects of these growth factors.
Title: The cooperative effect of growth and differentiation factor-9 and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-15 on granulosa cell function is modulated primarily through BMP receptor II.
Growth differentiation factor 9 is antiapoptotic during follicular development from preantral to early antral stage.
Title: Growth differentiation factor 9 is antiapoptotic during follicular development from preantral to early antral stage.
BMP-15 and GDF-9 have roles in fertility; critical sequences are determined by mutagenesis
Title: Functional and molecular characterization of naturally occurring mutations in the oocyte-secreted factors bone morphogenetic protein-15 and growth and differentiation factor-9.

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General gene information

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Markers

RH144020 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:233266

Gdf9 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:525710

L06444 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:124865

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables growth factor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in blastocyst development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in embryonic cleavage	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of cell growth	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within oocyte growth	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in ovarian cumulus expansion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of oocyte maturation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of progesterone secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: growth/differentiation factor 9

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_021672.1 → NP_067704.1 growth/differentiation factor 9 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_067704.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

AF099912

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

F7F9Q4, Q9QYW4, Q9Z0X3

Related

ENSRNOP00000009727.1, ENSRNOT00000009727.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00019
Location:337 → 439

TGF_beta; Transforming growth factor beta like domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086028.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

38090021..38100801

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_017597502.3 → XP_017452991.1 growth/differentiation factor 9 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

F7F9Q4, Q9QYW4
XM_017597501.3 → XP_017452990.1 growth/differentiation factor 9 isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

F7F9Q4, Q9QYW4