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    Gpd2 glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

    Gene ID: 25062, updated on 27-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Gpd2provided by RGD
    Official Full Name
    glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2provided by RGD
    Primary source
    RGD:2726
    See related
    EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000033824 AllianceGenome:RGD:2726
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    PROVISIONAL
    Organism
    Rattus norvegicus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
    Also known as
    mtGPDH
    Summary
    Predicted to enable glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity. Involved in NADH metabolic process and glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process. Predicted to be active in mitochondrial inner membrane. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human GPD2 (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in Testes (RPKM 299.3), Adrenal (RPKM 206.5) and 9 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See Gpd2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3q21
    Exon count:
    22
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 3 NC_086021.1 (62209432..62346590)
    RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 3 NC_051338.1 (41800552..41937729)
    106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 3 NC_005102.4 (43223892..43359069)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_086021.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene transfer RNA alanine (anticodon CGC) 1 Neighboring gene transfer RNA glycine (anticodon GCC) 1 Neighboring gene Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120101440

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
    • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
    • BioProject: PRJNA238328
    • Publication: PMID 24510058
    • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Cloning of a cDNA for the FAD-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from rat liver and its regulation by thyroid hormones. Müller S, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1994 Oct 25. PMID 7937996, Free PMC Article
    2. ROS generation and multiple forms of mammalian mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Mráček T, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2014 Jan. PMID 23999537
    3. Sequence of rat mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase cDNA. Evidence for EF-hand calcium-binding domains. Brown LJ, et al. J Biol Chem, 1994 May 20. PMID 8182039
    4. Genetic mapping and chromosome localization of the rat mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, a candidate for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Koike G, et al. Genomics, 1996 Nov 15. PMID 8954787
    5. Chronic leptin treatment inhibits liver mitochondrial alpha-glycerol-beta-phosphate dehydrogenase in euthyroid rats. Oliveira E, et al. Horm Metab Res, 2007 Dec. PMID 17973206

    See all (21) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. By this approach, we also directly demonstrated that isolated mGPDH itself as well as its supramolecular assemblies are all capable of ROS production.
      Title: ROS generation and multiple forms of mammalian mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
    2. These results show that leptin downregulates mGPD activity, mainly when hyperleptinemia is chronic.
      Title: Chronic leptin treatment inhibits liver mitochondrial alpha-glycerol-beta-phosphate dehydrogenase in euthyroid rats.
    3. the up-regulation of mGPDH, due to a highly glycolytic environment, contributes to the overall increase in ROS generation and may result in the progression of prostate cancer
      Title: Increased expression of mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and antioxidant enzymes in prostate cancer cell lines/cancer.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables calcium ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in NADH metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within camera-type eye development ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within gluconeogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glycerol catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in glycerophosphate shuttle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism growth ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in mitochondrial inner membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
    Names
    GPD-M
    GPDH-M
    Glycerol-3-phosophate dehydrogenase 2 (mitochondrial)
    glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial
    mtGPDH gene, promoter region and alternative transcripts
    NP_036868.1
    XP_038960257.1
    XP_038960258.1
    XP_038960259.1
    XP_038960262.1
    XP_038960263.1
    XP_063139207.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_012736.2 → NP_036868.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_036868.1

      Status: PROVISIONAL

      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000003
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35571
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F1LNI0
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000043749.6, ENSRNOT00000044419.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00051
      Location:627 → 689
      EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
      cl40741
      Location:1 → 599
      DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCr8

    Genomic

    1. NC_086021.1 Reference GRCr8

      Range
      62209432..62346590
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_039104331.2 → XP_038960259.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35571
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F1LNI0
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000071643.3, ENSRNOT00000090323.3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00051
      Location:627 → 689
      EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
      cl40741
      Location:1 → 599
      DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

    2. XM_039104334.2 → XP_038960262.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8I5ZUG1, F1LNI0
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000082171.1, ENSRNOT00000110582.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00051
      Location:627 → 689
      EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
      cl40741
      Location:1 → 599
      DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

    3. XM_039104330.2 → XP_038960258.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35571
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F1LNI0
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00051
      Location:627 → 689
      EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
      cl40741
      Location:1 → 599
      DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

    4. XM_039104329.2 → XP_038960257.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35571
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F1LNI0
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00051
      Location:627 → 689
      EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
      cl40741
      Location:1 → 599
      DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase

    5. XM_063283137.1 → XP_063139207.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35571
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F1LNI0

    6. XM_039104335.2 → XP_038960263.1  glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial isoform X3

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0G2K1F9, F1LNI0
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000071823.2, ENSRNOT00000088589.3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd00051
      Location:600 → 662
      EFh; EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to ...
      cl40741
      Location:23 → 572
      DAO; FAD dependent oxidoreductase
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P35571.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P35571

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