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    Igf2 insulin-like growth factor 2 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

    Gene ID: 24483, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Igf2provided by RGD
    Official Full Name
    insulin-like growth factor 2provided by RGD
    Primary source
    RGD:2870
    See related
    EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000020369 AllianceGenome:RGD:2870
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Rattus norvegicus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
    Also known as
    IGFII; RNIGF2
    Summary
    Predicted to enable protein kinase activator activity and signaling receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to mechanical stimulus; positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; and positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation. Located in extracellular space. Used to study osteoporosis. Biomarker of several diseases, including alcoholic neuropathy; brain infarction; congenital diaphragmatic hernia; diabetes mellitus (multiple); and hepatocellular carcinoma. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Silver-Russell syndrome; choriocarcinoma; hepatocellular carcinoma; and rheumatoid arthritis. Orthologous to human IGF2 (insulin like growth factor 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
    Expression
    Biased expression in Muscle (RPKM 612.5), Liver (RPKM 176.8) and 2 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See Igf2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1q41
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 1 NC_086019.1 (207243873..207261263, complement)
    RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 1 NC_051336.1 (197814409..197831802, complement)
    106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 1 NC_005100.4 (215828102..215839081, complement)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_086019.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC102548505 Neighboring gene mitochondrial ribosomal protein L23 Neighboring gene microRNA 675 Neighboring gene H19 imprinted maternally expressed transcript Neighboring gene vegetative cell wall protein gp1-like Neighboring gene microRNA 483 Neighboring gene insulin 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC108349673 Neighboring gene tyrosine hydroxylase

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
    • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
    • BioProject: PRJNA238328
    • Publication: PMID 24510058
    • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Pathways from PubChem

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables growth factor activity  
    enables growth factor activity  
    enables growth factor activity  
    enables hormone activity  
    enables insulin receptor binding  
    enables insulin-like growth factor receptor binding  
    enables insulin-like growth factor receptor binding  
    enables integrin binding  
    enables integrin binding  
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity  
    enables receptor ligand activity  
    enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity  
    Items 1 - 25 of 54
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within animal organ morphogenesis  
    involved_in cellular response to mechanical stimulus PubMed 
    involved_in embryonic placenta development  
    involved_in embryonic placenta development  
    involved_in embryonic placenta morphogenesis  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within exocrine pancreas development  
    involved_in female pregnancy PubMed 
    involved_in glucose metabolic process  
    involved_in in utero embryonic development  
    involved_in insulin receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in memory PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of muscle cell differentiation  
    involved_in negative regulation of muscle cell differentiation  
    involved_in negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II  
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II  
    involved_in ossification  
    involved_in osteoblast differentiation  
    involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade  
    involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade  
    involved_in positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell division  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation  
    acts_upstream_of positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process  
    involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of multicellular organism growth  
    involved_in positive regulation of organ growth  
    involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction  
    involved_in positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth  
    involved_in positive regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II  
    involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of muscle cell differentiation  
    involved_in regulation of muscle cell differentiation  
    involved_in regulation of muscle cell differentiation  
    involved_in response to estradiol PubMed 
    involved_in response to ethanol PubMed 
    involved_in response to nicotine PubMed 
    involved_in response to nicotine PubMed 
    involved_in response to nutrient levels PubMed 
    involved_in response to organic cyclic compound PubMed 
    involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction  
    involved_in spongiotrophoblast cell proliferation  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within striated muscle cell differentiation  
    Items 1 - 25 of 54
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in extracellular space  
    located_in extracellular space PubMed 
    located_in extracellular space  
    located_in extracellular space  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    insulin-like growth factor 2; insulin-like growth factor II
    Names
    IGF-II
    Insulin-like growth factor II (somatomedin A)
    MSA
    insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II)
    multiplication-stimulating activity
    multiplication-stimulating polypeptide

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001190162.1NP_001177091.1  insulin-like growth factor 2 isoform 2 preproprotein

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate exon at its 5' terminus and uses a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. This results in a protein (isoform 2) with a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000001, X13101
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P01346
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9NW49, Q63265
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd04368
      Location:2891
      IlGF; insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On a ...
      pfam08365
      Location:112166
      IGF2_C; Insulin-like growth factor II E-peptide
    2. NM_001190163.1NP_001177092.1  insulin-like growth factor 2 isoform 2 preproprotein

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate exon at its 5' terminus and uses a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. This results in a protein (isoform 2) with a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 2 and 3 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000001, X14833
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P01346
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9NW49, Q63265
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd04368
      Location:2891
      IlGF; insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On a ...
      pfam08365
      Location:112166
      IGF2_C; Insulin-like growth factor II E-peptide
    3. NM_031511.2NP_113699.2  insulin-like growth factor 2 isoform 1 preproprotein

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000001, X14834
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A6HY76, Q63265
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd04368
      Location:39102
      IlGF; insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On a ...
      pfam08365
      Location:123177
      IGF2_C; Insulin-like growth factor II E-peptide

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCr8

    Genomic

    1. NC_086019.1 Reference GRCr8

      Range
      207243873..207261263 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_039096378.2XP_038952306.1  insulin-like growth factor II isoform X2

      Related
      ENSRNOP00000099605.1, ENSRNOT00000164793.1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd04368
      Location:45108
      IlGF; insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On a ...
      pfam08365
      Location:129183
      IGF2_C; Insulin-like growth factor II E-peptide
    2. XM_008760074.4XP_008758296.1  insulin-like growth factor II isoform X1

      Related
      ENSRNOP00000110891.1, ENSRNOT00000172623.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd04368
      Location:192255
      IlGF; IlGF, insulin_like growth factors; specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as growth, differentiation, and reproduction. On ...
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