Pomc proopiomelanocortin [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Pomcprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: proopiomelanocortinprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:3366
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000012686 AllianceGenome:RGD:3366
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: ACTH; Pomc1; Pomc2; alphaMSH
Summary: Predicted to enable hormone activity and melanocortin receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including motor behavior; negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; and response to lipopolysaccharide. Located in extracellular region and neuronal cell body. Used to study alcohol dependence; heroin dependence; and obesity. Biomarker of several diseases, including alcohol dependence; alcohol use disorder; obesity; opiate dependence (multiple); and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including alcohol dependence; familial Mediterranean fever; nicotine dependence; obesity; and osteoarthritis. Orthologous to human POMC (proopiomelanocortin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Testes (RPKM 25.0), Kidney (RPKM 15.8) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 6q14

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	6	NC_086024.1 (32659137..32665175)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	6	NC_051341.1 (26939844..26945666)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	6	NC_005105.4 (28382937..28388771)

Chromosome 6 - NC_086024.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Controlling hypothalamic DNA methylation at the Pomc promoter does not regulate weight gain during the development of obesity.
Title: Controlling hypothalamic DNA methylation at the Pomc promoter does not regulate weight gain during the development of obesity.
Temporary effects of neonatal overfeeding on homeostatic control of food intake involve alterations in POMC promoter methylation in male rats.
Title: Temporary effects of neonatal overfeeding on homeostatic control of food intake involve alterations in POMC promoter methylation in male rats.
The patterns of exercise-induced beta-endorphin expression in the central nervous system of rats.
Title: The patterns of exercise-induced β-endorphin expression in the central nervous system of rats.
TRH in the nucleus accumbens acts downstream to alpha-MSH to decrease food intake in rats.
Title: TRH in the nucleus accumbens acts downstream to α-MSH to decrease food intake in rats.
A folic acid-deficient diet during gestation, lactation, and post-weaning increases Pomc gene and protein expression, but does not modify food intake or body weight of female rat offspring
Title: Folic acid-deficient diet during gestation and post-weaning alters Pomc gene and protein expression in rat offspring.
BMP-4 and retinoic acid exert a potentiated inhibition on Pomc gene expression.
Title: Crosstalk of BMP-4 and RA signaling pathways on Pomc gene regulation in corticotrophs.
The data demonstrated that the abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by conditions of high cyclic strain is in part attributed to ACTH and its receptor MC2R.
Title: Pathological cyclic strain promotes proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via the ACTH/ERK/STAT3 pathway.
Constant light exposure aggravates muscle wasting and POMC activation in endotoxemia.
Title: Constant light exposure aggravates POMC-mediated muscle wasting associated with hypothalamic alteration of circadian clock and SIRT1 in endotoxemia rats.
Studied epigenesis in the proopiomelanocortin pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) genetic promoter region in the hypothalamus of offspring in a maternal overnutrition rat model. Found maternal overnutrition has a role in epigenetic alterations in the offspring's hypothalamic Pomc promoter.
Title: Maternal overnutrition programs epigenetic changes in the regulatory regions of hypothalamic Pomc in the offspring of rats.
Localization of the dopamine receptors of types 1 and 2 on the bodies of POMC-expressing neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in mice and rats.
Title: Localization of the dopamine receptors of types 1 and 2 on the bodies of POMC-expressing neurons of the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in mice and rats.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (115)

General gene information

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Markers

RH130758 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:214042

RH94496 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119744

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hormone activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hormone activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables molecular_function	ND No biological Data available more info
enables signaling receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables type 1 melanocortin receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables type 1 melanocortin receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables type 3 melanocortin receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables type 3 melanocortin receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables type 4 melanocortin receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables type 4 melanocortin receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in calcium-mediated signaling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within calcium-mediated signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cell-cell signaling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell-cell signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular pigmentation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular pigmentation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cortisol secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in generation of precursor metabolites and energy	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in generation of precursor metabolites and energy	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within glucose homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in motor behavior	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in neuropeptide signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of oxytocin production	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of oxytocin production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of appetite	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of appetite	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of blood pressure	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of blood pressure	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of corticosterone secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of corticosterone secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of corticosterone secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of glycogen metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of glycogen metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to ethanol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to immobilization stress	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to melanocyte-stimulating hormone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to melanocyte-stimulating hormone	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular region	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuronal cell body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in peroxisomal matrix	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
NOT located_in peroxisome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in secretory granule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in secretory granule	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in secretory granule	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: pro-opiomelanocortin

Names: adrenocorticotropic hormone; adrenocorticotropin; alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; corticotropin-lipotropin; pro-opiomelanocortin-alpha; proopiomelanocortin (adrenocorticotropin/ beta-lipotropin/ alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone/ beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone/ beta-endorphin); proopiomelanocortin, beta (endorphin, beta); proopoimelanocortin, beta (endorphin, beta)

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_139326.3 → NP_647542.1 pro-opiomelanocortin precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_647542.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000006

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P01194

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HAG6, F6PTD9, Q8K422

Related

ENSRNOP00000016976.5, ENSRNOT00000016976.9

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam00976
Location:186 → 204

ACTH_domain; Corticotropin ACTH domain

pfam08035
Location:205 → 232

Op_neuropeptide; Opioids neuropeptide

pfam08384
Location:28 → 70

NPP; Pro-opiomelanocortin, N-terminal region

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086024.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

32659137..32665175

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_017594033.3 → XP_017449522.1 pro-opiomelanocortin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P01194

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HAG6, F6PTD9, Q8K422

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam00976
Location:186 → 204

ACTH_domain; Corticotropin ACTH domain

pfam08035
Location:205 → 232

Op_neuropeptide; Opioids neuropeptide

pfam08384
Location:28 → 70

NPP; Pro-opiomelanocortin, N-terminal region
XM_063261551.1 → XP_063117621.1 pro-opiomelanocortin isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P01194

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HAG6, F6PTD9, Q8K422