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    GZMA granzyme A [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 3001, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    GZMAprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    granzyme Aprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4708
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000145649 MIM:140050; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4708
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    HFSP; CTLA3
    Summary
    Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the remarkable ability to recognize, bind, and lyse specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface 'nonself' antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein described here is a T cell- and natural killer cell-specific serine protease that may function as a common component necessary for lysis of target cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in lymph node (RPKM 24.9), spleen (RPKM 21.4) and 20 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See GZMA in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    5q11.2
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 5 NC_000005.10 (55102646..55110252)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 5 NC_060929.1 (55930246..55937579)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 5 NC_000005.9 (54398474..54406080)

    Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105378971 Neighboring gene granzyme A pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene cell division cycle 20B Neighboring gene glutathione peroxidase 8 (putative) Neighboring gene microRNA 449a

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Nef nef Downregulation of cell-surface CD4 induced by HIV-1 Nef prevents monoclonal antibodies against CD4 from blocking the presentation of serine esterase tryptase in human monocytoid and CD4+ lymphoid cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in apoptotic process PubMed 
    involved_in cytotoxic T cell pyroptotic cell death PubMed 
    involved_in granzyme-mediated programmed cell death signaling pathway  
    involved_in granzyme-mediated programmed cell death signaling pathway PubMed 
    involved_in immune response PubMed 
    involved_in killing of cells of another organism  
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA binding PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process PubMed 
    involved_in protein maturation  
    involved_in protein maturation PubMed 
    involved_in proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process PubMed 
    involved_in pyroptotic inflammatory response PubMed 
    involved_in response to bacterium  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm PubMed 
    is_active_in extracellular space  
    located_in immunological synapse PubMed 
    located_in nucleus PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    granzyme A
    Names
    CTL tryptase
    Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-3
    Granzyme A (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase-3; Hanukah factor serine protease)
    HF
    Hanukah factor serine protease)
    cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proteinase 1
    fragmentin-1
    granzyme 1
    granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 3)
    h factor
    NP_006135.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_027996.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5002..12608
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_006144.4 → NP_006135.2  granzyme A precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC091977
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3965.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A4PHN1, P12544, Q6IB36
      Related
      ENSP00000274306.6, ENST00000274306.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00190
      Location:29 → 254
      Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000005.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      55102646..55110252
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060929.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      55930246..55937579
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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