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Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-blindness-deafness syndrome(SCABD; SCAR3)

MedGen UID:
338611
•Concept ID:
C1849094
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Spinocerebellar ataxia autosomal recessive 3; SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA WITH BLINDNESS AND DEAFNESS
SNOMED CT: SCAR3 - spinocerebellar ataxia autosomal recessive type 3 (1204415006); Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (1204415006); Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia, blindness, hearing loss syndrome (1204415006); Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia, blindness, deafness syndrome (1204415006)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
•Concept ID:
C0441748
•
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
Autosomal recessive inheritance (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0010061
OMIM®: 271250
Orphanet: ORPHA95433

Definition

A rare autosomal recessive syndromic cerebellar ataxia with the association of early-onset cerebellar ataxia, hearing loss and blindness. Patients may also present demyelinating peripheral motor neuropathy. Cerebral MRI shows alterations of the cerebellar white matter without cerebellar atrophy. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Clinical features

From HPO
Hearing impairment
MedGen UID:
235586
•Concept ID:
C1384666
•
Disease or Syndrome
A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Cochlear degeneration
MedGen UID:
338612
•Concept ID:
C1849095
•
Finding
Deterioration or loss of the tissues of the cochlea.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Cerebellar ataxia
MedGen UID:
849
•Concept ID:
C0007758
•
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Blindness
MedGen UID:
99138
•Concept ID:
C0456909
•
Disease or Syndrome
Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception defined as a profound reduction in visual perception. On the 6m visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 3/60. On the 20ft visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 20/400. On the decimal visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 0.05. Blindness is typically characterized by a visual field of no greater than 10 degrees in radius around central fixation.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAutosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-blindness-deafness syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia-blindness-deafness syndrome in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Joubert syndrome: Molecular basis and treatment.
Spahiu L, Behluli E, Grajçevci-Uka V, Liehr T, Temaj G
J Mother Child 2022 Mar 1;26(1):118-123. Epub 2023 Feb 22 doi: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20222601.d-22-00034. PMID: 36803942Free PMC Article
Ataxia-telangiectasia: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical phenotype, diagnosis, prognosis and management.
Amirifar P, Ranjouri MR, Lavin M, Abolhassani H, Yazdani R, Aghamohammadi A
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020 Sep;16(9):859-871. Epub 2020 Oct 15 doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1810570. PMID: 32791865
Kallmann syndrome: phenotype and genotype of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
Stamou MI, Georgopoulos NA
Metabolism 2018 Sep;86:124-134. Epub 2017 Nov 3 doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.012. PMID: 29108899Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

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Petzold F, Billot K, Chen X, Henry C, Filhol E, Martin Y, Avramescu M, Douillet M, Morinière V, Krug P, Jeanpierre C, Tory K, Boyer O, Burgun A, Servais A, Salomon R, Benmerah A, Heidet L, Garcelon N, Antignac C, Zaidan M, Saunier S; INSERM–Necker Hospital NPH collaborative group
Kidney Int 2023 Aug;104(2):378-387. Epub 2023 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.05.007. PMID: 37230223
Ataxia-telangiectasia: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical phenotype, diagnosis, prognosis and management.
Amirifar P, Ranjouri MR, Lavin M, Abolhassani H, Yazdani R, Aghamohammadi A
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020 Sep;16(9):859-871. Epub 2020 Oct 15 doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1810570. PMID: 32791865
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Ashrafi MR, Amanat M, Garshasbi M, Kameli R, Nilipour Y, Heidari M, Rezaei Z, Tavasoli AR
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An siRNA-based functional genomics screen for the identification of regulators of ciliogenesis and ciliopathy genes.
Wheway G, Schmidts M, Mans DA, Szymanska K, Nguyen TT, Racher H, Phelps IG, Toedt G, Kennedy J, Wunderlich KA, Sorusch N, Abdelhamed ZA, Natarajan S, Herridge W, van Reeuwijk J, Horn N, Boldt K, Parry DA, Letteboer SJF, Roosing S, Adams M, Bell SM, Bond J, Higgins J, Morrison EE, Tomlinson DC, Slaats GG, van Dam TJP, Huang L, Kessler K, Giessl A, Logan CV, Boyle EA, Shendure J, Anazi S, Aldahmesh M, Al Hazzaa S, Hegele RA, Ober C, Frosk P, Mhanni AA, Chodirker BN, Chudley AE, Lamont R, Bernier FP, Beaulieu CL, Gordon P, Pon RT, Donahue C, Barkovich AJ, Wolf L, Toomes C, Thiel CT, Boycott KM, McKibbin M, Inglehearn CF; UK10K Consortium; University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Stewart F, Omran H, Huynen MA, Sergouniotis PI, Alkuraya FS, Parboosingh JS, Innes AM, Willoughby CE, Giles RH, Webster AR, Ueffing M, Blacque O, Gleeson JG, Wolfrum U, Beales PL, Gibson T, Doherty D, Mitchison HM, Roepman R, Johnson CA
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Neuroacanthocytosis.
Walker RH, Jung HH, Danek A
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Diagnosis

Joubert syndrome: Molecular basis and treatment.
Spahiu L, Behluli E, Grajçevci-Uka V, Liehr T, Temaj G
J Mother Child 2022 Mar 1;26(1):118-123. Epub 2023 Feb 22 doi: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.20222601.d-22-00034. PMID: 36803942Free PMC Article
Update on Cerebellar Ataxia with Neuropathy and Bilateral Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome (CANVAS).
Dupré M, Hermann R, Froment Tilikete C
Cerebellum 2021 Oct;20(5):687-700. Epub 2020 Oct 4 doi: 10.1007/s12311-020-01192-w. PMID: 33011895Free PMC Article
Ataxia-telangiectasia: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical phenotype, diagnosis, prognosis and management.
Amirifar P, Ranjouri MR, Lavin M, Abolhassani H, Yazdani R, Aghamohammadi A
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020 Sep;16(9):859-871. Epub 2020 Oct 15 doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1810570. PMID: 32791865
Kallmann syndrome: phenotype and genotype of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
Stamou MI, Georgopoulos NA
Metabolism 2018 Sep;86:124-134. Epub 2017 Nov 3 doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.012. PMID: 29108899Free PMC Article
Ataxia telangiectasia: a review.
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Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016 Nov 25;11(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s13023-016-0543-7. PMID: 27884168Free PMC Article

Therapy

The Latest Developments for the Treatment of Ataxia Telangiectasia: A Narrative Review.
Mehri A, Toosi MB, Tavasoli AR, Saberi-Karimian M
Cerebellum 2024 Dec;23(6):2607-2615. Epub 2024 Sep 27 doi: 10.1007/s12311-024-01746-2. PMID: 39327359
Efficacy and safety of N-acetyl-L-leucine in patients with ataxia telangiectasia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial.
Beyraghi-Tousi M, Sahebkar A, Houra M, Sarvghadi P, Jamialahmadi T, Bagheri R, Tavallaie S, Gumpricht E, Saberi-Karimian M
Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2024 May;50:57-63. Epub 2024 Apr 22 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.04.009. PMID: 38669738
Ataxia-telangiectasia clinical trial landscape and the obstacles to overcome.
Kuhn K, Lederman HM, McGrath-Morrow SA
Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023 Jul-Dec;32(8):693-704. Epub 2023 Aug 28 doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2249399. PMID: 37622329Free PMC Article
GLP-1R agonists demonstrate potential to treat Wolfram syndrome in human preclinical models.
Gorgogietas V, Rajaei B, Heeyoung C, Santacreu BJ, Marín-Cañas S, Salpea P, Sawatani T, Musuaya A, Arroyo MN, Moreno-Castro C, Benabdallah K, Demarez C, Toivonen S, Cosentino C, Pachera N, Lytrivi M, Cai Y, Carnel L, Brown C, Urano F, Marchetti P, Gilon P, Eizirik DL, Cnop M, Igoillo-Esteve M
Diabetologia 2023 Jul;66(7):1306-1321. Epub 2023 Mar 30 doi: 10.1007/s00125-023-05905-8. PMID: 36995380Free PMC Article
Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndromes.
Gordon N
Postgrad Med J 2000 Mar;76(893):145-9. doi: 10.1136/pmj.76.893.145. PMID: 10684323Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Normal and pathogenic variation of RFC1 repeat expansions: implications for clinical diagnosis.
Dominik N, Magri S, Currò R, Abati E, Facchini S, Corbetta M, Macpherson H, Di Bella D, Sarto E, Stevanovski I, Chintalaphani SR, Akcimen F, Manini A, Vegezzi E, Quartesan I, Montgomery KA, Pirota V, Crespan E, Perini C, Grupelli GP, Tomaselli PJ, Marques W; Genomics England Research Consortium, Shaw J, Polke J, Salsano E, Fenu S, Pareyson D, Pisciotta C, Tofaris GK, Nemeth AH, Ealing J, Radunovic A, Kearney S, Kumar KR, Vucic S, Kennerson M, Reilly MM, Houlden H, Deveson I, Tucci A, Taroni F, Cortese A
Brain 2023 Dec 1;146(12):5060-5069. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad240. PMID: 37450567Free PMC Article
Ataxia-telangiectasia: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical phenotype, diagnosis, prognosis and management.
Amirifar P, Ranjouri MR, Lavin M, Abolhassani H, Yazdani R, Aghamohammadi A
Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020 Sep;16(9):859-871. Epub 2020 Oct 15 doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2020.1810570. PMID: 32791865
Ataxia telangiectasia: a review.
Rothblum-Oviatt C, Wright J, Lefton-Greif MA, McGrath-Morrow SA, Crawford TO, Lederman HM
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2016 Nov 25;11(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s13023-016-0543-7. PMID: 27884168Free PMC Article
Giant axonal neuropathy.
Hentati F, Hentati E, Amouri R
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;115:933-8. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52902-2.00052-7. PMID: 23931822
Microlissencephaly.
Sztriha L, Al-Gazali L, Várady E, Nork M, Varughese M
Pediatr Neurol 1998 Apr;18(4):362-5. doi: 10.1016/s0887-8994(97)00213-0. PMID: 9588537

Clinical prediction guides

Normal and pathogenic variation of RFC1 repeat expansions: implications for clinical diagnosis.
Dominik N, Magri S, Currò R, Abati E, Facchini S, Corbetta M, Macpherson H, Di Bella D, Sarto E, Stevanovski I, Chintalaphani SR, Akcimen F, Manini A, Vegezzi E, Quartesan I, Montgomery KA, Pirota V, Crespan E, Perini C, Grupelli GP, Tomaselli PJ, Marques W; Genomics England Research Consortium, Shaw J, Polke J, Salsano E, Fenu S, Pareyson D, Pisciotta C, Tofaris GK, Nemeth AH, Ealing J, Radunovic A, Kearney S, Kumar KR, Vucic S, Kennerson M, Reilly MM, Houlden H, Deveson I, Tucci A, Taroni F, Cortese A
Brain 2023 Dec 1;146(12):5060-5069. doi: 10.1093/brain/awad240. PMID: 37450567Free PMC Article
Update on Cerebellar Ataxia with Neuropathy and Bilateral Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome (CANVAS).
Dupré M, Hermann R, Froment Tilikete C
Cerebellum 2021 Oct;20(5):687-700. Epub 2020 Oct 4 doi: 10.1007/s12311-020-01192-w. PMID: 33011895Free PMC Article
Hypomorphic mutations in POLR3A are a frequent cause of sporadic and recessive spastic ataxia.
Minnerop M, Kurzwelly D, Wagner H, Soehn AS, Reichbauer J, Tao F, Rattay TW, Peitz M, Rehbach K, Giorgetti A, Pyle A, Thiele H, Altmüller J, Timmann D, Karaca I, Lennarz M, Baets J, Hengel H, Synofzik M, Atasu B, Feely S, Kennerson M, Stendel C, Lindig T, Gonzalez MA, Stirnberg R, Sturm M, Roeske S, Jung J, Bauer P, Lohmann E, Herms S, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Nicholson G, Mahanjah M, Sharkia R, Carloni P, Brüstle O, Klopstock T, Mathews KD, Shy ME, de Jonghe P, Chinnery PF, Horvath R, Kohlhase J, Schmitt I, Wolf M, Greschus S, Amunts K, Maier W, Schöls L, Nürnberg P, Zuchner S, Klockgether T, Ramirez A, Schüle R
Brain 2017 Jun 1;140(6):1561-1578. doi: 10.1093/brain/awx095. PMID: 28459997Free PMC Article
Nephronophthisis.
Salomon R, Saunier S, Niaudet P
Pediatr Nephrol 2009 Dec;24(12):2333-44. Epub 2008 Jul 8 doi: 10.1007/s00467-008-0840-z. PMID: 18607645Free PMC Article
Symptomatic myoclonus.
Borg M
Neurophysiol Clin 2006 Sep-Dec;36(5-6):309-18. Epub 2007 Jan 17 doi: 10.1016/j.neucli.2006.12.006. PMID: 17336775

Recent systematic reviews

Prenatal Phenotype of Alkuraya-Kučinskas Syndrome: A Novel Case and Systematic Literature Review.
Rice SM, Varotsis DF, Wodoslawsky S, Critchlow E, Liu R, McLaren RA Jr, Makhamreh MM, Firman B, Berger SI, Al-Kouatly HB
Prenat Diagn 2024 Oct;44(11):1381-1397. Epub 2024 Sep 3 doi: 10.1002/pd.6637. PMID: 39228063

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