Modified RING finger found in peroxin-12 (PEX12) and similar proteins; PEX12, also known as peroxisome assembly protein 12 or peroxisome assembly factor 3 (PAF-3), is a RING finger domain-containing integral membrane peroxin required for protein import into peroxisomes. Mutations in human PEX12 result in the peroxisome deficiency Zellweger syndrome of complementation group III (CG-III), a lethal neurological disorder. PEX12 also functions as an E3-ubiquitin ligase that facilitates the PEX4-dependent monoubiquitination of PEX5, a key player in peroxisomal matrix protein import, to control PEX5 receptor recycling or degradation. PEX12 contains a modified RING finger that lacks the third, fourth, and eighth zinc-binding residues of the consensus RING finger motif, suggesting PEX12 may only bind one zinc ion.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 4505721  302 TVCPLCRKTRVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQACPITGYPTEVQHLIKLY 355
Cdd:cd16451   1 GICPLCRKKRTNPTALATSGYVFCYPCIYRYVKEHGRCPVTGYPASLDHLIKLY 54

Modified RING finger found in peroxin-12 (PEX12) and similar proteins; PEX12, also known as peroxisome assembly protein 12 or peroxisome assembly factor 3 (PAF-3), is a RING finger domain-containing integral membrane peroxin required for protein import into peroxisomes. Mutations in human PEX12 result in the peroxisome deficiency Zellweger syndrome of complementation group III (CG-III), a lethal neurological disorder. PEX12 also functions as an E3-ubiquitin ligase that facilitates the PEX4-dependent monoubiquitination of PEX5, a key player in peroxisomal matrix protein import, to control PEX5 receptor recycling or degradation. PEX12 contains a modified RING finger that lacks the third, fourth, and eighth zinc-binding residues of the consensus RING finger motif, suggesting PEX12 may only bind one zinc ion.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 4505721  302 TVCPLCRKTRVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQACPITGYPTEVQHLIKLY 355
Cdd:cd16451   1 GICPLCRKKRTNPTALATSGYVFCYPCIYRYVKEHGRCPVTGYPASLDHLIKLY 54

Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger);

                          10        20        30
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 4505721    303 VCPLCRKTRVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQACPI 341
Cdd:pfam13923   1 MCPICMDMLKDPSTTTPCGHVFCQDCILRALEASNECPL 39

Modified RING finger found in peroxin-12 (PEX12) and similar proteins; PEX12, also known as peroxisome assembly protein 12 or peroxisome assembly factor 3 (PAF-3), is a RING finger domain-containing integral membrane peroxin required for protein import into peroxisomes. Mutations in human PEX12 result in the peroxisome deficiency Zellweger syndrome of complementation group III (CG-III), a lethal neurological disorder. PEX12 also functions as an E3-ubiquitin ligase that facilitates the PEX4-dependent monoubiquitination of PEX5, a key player in peroxisomal matrix protein import, to control PEX5 receptor recycling or degradation. PEX12 contains a modified RING finger that lacks the third, fourth, and eighth zinc-binding residues of the consensus RING finger motif, suggesting PEX12 may only bind one zinc ion.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 4505721  302 TVCPLCRKTRVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQACPITGYPTEVQHLIKLY 355
Cdd:cd16451   1 GICPLCRKKRTNPTALATSGYVFCYPCIYRYVKEHGRCPVTGYPASLDHLIKLY 54

Ring finger; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is intrinsic to the RING domain of c-Cbl and is likely to be a general function of this domain; Various RING fingers exhibit binding activity towards E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (Ubc' s)

                           10        20        30
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 4505721     304 CPLCRKTRVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQA-CPI 341
Cdd:smart00184   1 CPICLEEYLKDPVILPCGHTFCRSCIRKWLESGNNtCPI 39

Modified RING finger, HC subclass (C3HC3D-type), found in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 7 (TRAF7) and similar proteins; TRAF7, also known as RING finger and WD repeat-containing protein 1 or RING finger protein 119 (RNF119), is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in signal transduction pathways that lead either to activation or repression of NF-kappaB transcription factor by promoting K29-linked ubiquitination of several cellular targets, including the NF-kappaB essential modulator (NEMO) and the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB transcription factor. It is also involved in K29-linked polyubiquitination that has been implicated in lysosomal degradation of proteins. Moreover, TRAF7 is required for K48-linked ubiquitination of p53, a key tumor suppressor and a master regulator of various signaling pathways, such as those related to apoptosis, cell cycle and DNA repair. It is also required for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced Jun N-terminal kinase activation and promotes cell death by regulating polyubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of c-FLIP protein. Furthermore, TRAF7 functions as small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase involved in other post-translational modification, such as sumoylation. It binds to and stimulates sumoylation of the proto-oncogene product c-Myb, a transcription factor regulating proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. It potentiates MEKK3-induced AP1 and CHOP activation and induces apoptosis. Meanwhile, TRAF7 mediates MyoD1 regulation of the pathway and cell-cycle progression in myoblasts. It also plays a role in Toll-like receptors (TLR) signaling. TRAF7 contains an N-terminal domain with a modified C3HC3D-type RING-HC finger and an adjacent zinc finger, and a unique C-terminal domain that comprises a coiled coil domain and seven WD40 repeats.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 4505721  298 PKMKTVCPLCRKTrVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHyvRSHQACPI 341
Cdd:cd16644   2 PSVKLYCPLCQRV-FKDPVITSCGHTFCRRCALT--APGEKCPV 42

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 213 (RNF213) and similar proteins; RNF213, also known as ALK lymphoma oligomerization partner on chromosome 17 or Moyamoya steno-occlusive disease-associated AAA+ and RING finger protein (mysterin), is an intracellular soluble protein that functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and AAA+ ATPase, which possibly contributes to vascular development through mechanical processes in the cell. It plays a unique role in endothelial cells for proper gene expression in response to inflammatory signals from the environment. Mutations in RNF213 may be associated with Moyamoya disease (MMD), an idiopathic cerebrovascular occlusive disorder prevalent in East Asia. It also acts as a nuclear marker for acanthomorph phylogeny. RNF213 contains two tandem enzymatically active AAA+ ATPase modules and a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger. It can form a huge ring-shaped oligomeric complex.

                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 4505721  304 CPLCRKTrVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQACPI 341
Cdd:cd16561   5 CSICLED-LNDPVKLPCDHVFCEECIRQWLPGQMSCPL 41

RING finger, HC subclass, found in RING finger protein 40 (RNF40); RNF40, also known as BRE1B or 95 kDa retinoblastoma-associated protein (RBP95), was identified as a novel leucine zipper retinoblastoma protein (pRb)-associated protein that may function as a regulation factor in RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription and/or transcriptional processing. RNF40 also functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that forms a heterodimeric complex with BRE1B, also known as RNF40, to facilitate the K120 monoubiquitination of histone H2B (H2Bub1), a DNA damage-induced histone modification that is crucial for recruitment of the chromatin remodeler SNF2h to DNA double-strand break (DSB) damage sites. It cooperates with SUPT16H to induce dynamic changes in chromatin structure during DSB repair. RNF40 contains a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger at the C-terminus.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 4505721  299 KMKTVCPLCrKTRVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCV-FHYVRSHQACP 340
Cdd:cd16815  21 KARLTCPCC-NTRKKDAVLTKCFHVFCFECVkTRYESRQRKCP 62

U-box domain, a modified RING finger; The U-box protein family is a family of E3 enzymes that also includes the HECT family and the RING finger family. The E3 enzyme is ubiquitin-protein ligase that cooperates with a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) and a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), and plays a central role in determining the specificity of the ubiquitination system. It removes the ubiquitin molecule from the E2 enzyme and attaches it to the target substrate, forming a covalent bond between ubiquitin and the target. U-box proteins are characterized by the presence of a U-box domain of approximately 70 amino acids. The U-box is a modified form of the RING finger domain that lacks metal chelating cysteines and histidines. It resembles the cross-brace RING structure consisting of three beta-sheets and a single alpha-helix, which would be stabilized by salt bridges instead of chelated metal ions. U-box proteins are widely distributed among eukaryotic organisms and show a higher prevalence in plants than in other organisms.

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                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 4505721  303 VCPLCRKTrVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQACPITGYP 345
Cdd:cd16453   2 LCPISGEL-MKDPVITPSGITYDRSAIERWLLSDNTDPFTREP 43

RING finger, HC subclass, found in yeast Bre1 and its homologs from eukaryotes; Bre1 is an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that catalyzes monoubiquitination of histone H2B in concert with the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, Rad6. The Rad6-Bre1-mediated histone H2B ubiquitylation modulates the formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs) during meiosis in yeast. it is also required, indirectly, for the methylation of histone 3 on lysine 4 (H3K4) and 79. RNF20, also known as BRE1A and RNF40, also known as BRE1B, are the mammalian homologs of Bre1. They work together to form a heterodimeric Bre1 complex that facilitate the K120 monoubiquitination of histone H2B (H2Bub1), a DNA damage-induced histone modification that is crucial for recruitment of the chromatin remodeler SNF2h to DNA double-strand break (DSB) damage sites. Moreover, the Bre1 complex acts as a tumor suppressor, augmenting expression of select tumor suppressor genes and suppressing select oncogenes. Deficiency in the mammalian histone H2B ubiquitin ligase Bre1 leads to replication stress and chromosomal instability. All subfamily members contain a C3HC4-type RING-HC finger at its C-terminus.

                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 4505721  304 CPLCrKTRVNDTVLATSGYVFCYRCVFHYVRSHQ-ACP 340
Cdd:cd16499   9 CSVC-NDRFKDVIITKCGHVFCNECVQKRLETRQrKCP 45