Src homology 3 domain of RUN and SH3 domain-containing protein 1; RUSC1, also called NESCA (New molecule containing SH3 at the carboxy-terminus), is highly expressed in the brain and is translocated to the nuclear membrane from the cytoplasm upon stimulation with neurotrophin. It plays a role in facilitating neurotrophin-dependent neurite outgrowth. It also interacts with NEMO (or IKKgamma) and may function in NEMO-mediated activation of NF-kB. RUSC proteins are adaptor proteins consisting of RUN, leucine zipper, and SH3 domains. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 42476123 379 AVRALCDHTAARpDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTS 430
Cdd:cd11958   1 AVRALCDHAGSE-SQLSFRKGEELQVLGTVDEDWIRCRRGDREGLVPVGYTS 51

Src homology 3 domain of RUN and SH3 domain-containing protein 1; RUSC1, also called NESCA (New molecule containing SH3 at the carboxy-terminus), is highly expressed in the brain and is translocated to the nuclear membrane from the cytoplasm upon stimulation with neurotrophin. It plays a role in facilitating neurotrophin-dependent neurite outgrowth. It also interacts with NEMO (or IKKgamma) and may function in NEMO-mediated activation of NF-kB. RUSC proteins are adaptor proteins consisting of RUN, leucine zipper, and SH3 domains. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 42476123 379 AVRALCDHTAARpDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTS 430
Cdd:cd11958   1 AVRALCDHAGSE-SQLSFRKGEELQVLGTVDEDWIRCRRGDREGLVPVGYTS 51

Src homology 3 domains; Src homology 3 (SH3) domains bind to target proteins through sequences containing proline and hydrophobic amino acids. Pro-containing polypeptides may bind to SH3 domains in 2 different binding orientations.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123    380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRC-GRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:smart00326   5 VRALYDYTAQDPDELSFKKGDIITVLEKSDDGWWKGrLGRGKEGLFPSNY 54

domain involved in Ras-like GTPase signaling;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 42476123    127 FHAFILGLLNTKQLELWFSSLQEDAGLLSLLYLPTGFFSlarggCPSLSTELLLLLQPLSVLTFHLDLL 195
Cdd:smart00593   1 FRAWIRLALNEKLLSSWLNLLLSDEELLSKYYEPWAFLR-----DPEEGEQLLGLLVGLSALDFNLPVD 64

RUN domain found in RUN and SH3 domain-containing proteins, RUSC1, RUSC2 and similar proteins; RUSC1, also called new molecule containing SH3 at the carboxy-terminus (NESCA), may acts as a signaling adapter that translocates to the nuclear envelope and regulates neurotrophin-induced neurite outgrowth. RUSC2, also called iporin, or interacting protein of Rab1, is a novel interacting molecule for the active GTP-bound conformation of Rab1. It may function as a link between the targeting of endoplasmic reticulum derived vesicles, triggered by the Rab1 GTPase and a signaling pathway regulated by molecules containing SH3 and/or poly-proline regions. This model contains the RUN domain of RUSC1 and RUSC2.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123  14 QKKGLLIAVSVSVDKIISHFGAARNLVQKAQLGDSRLSPDVGHLVLTTLCPALHALVADGLKPFRKDLItGQRRSSPWSV 93
Cdd:cd17685   1 QKRGLVKAVIAAVDKIVAHFSQSRDPSDKAKLGNSAVSPEVGHLVLKYLCPALYALLSDGLKPYVLTLF-GQVKNSVWSV 79

                        90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123  94 VEASVKPGSSTRSLGTLYSQVSRLAPLSSSRSRFHAFILGLLNTKQLELWFSSLQEDAGLLSLLYLPTGFFSLARGGCPS 173
Cdd:cd17685  80 VEASTQPGPSTKALNELVNKLNSEEKLTSGTLKFNAFIFGLLNLRSLDAWLSYLVTKENLLSKHYNPNAFLLLASSAYRP 159

                ....
gi 42476123 174 LSTE 177
Cdd:cd17685 160 LFDE 163

Src homology 3 domain of RUN and SH3 domain-containing protein 1; RUSC1, also called NESCA (New molecule containing SH3 at the carboxy-terminus), is highly expressed in the brain and is translocated to the nuclear membrane from the cytoplasm upon stimulation with neurotrophin. It plays a role in facilitating neurotrophin-dependent neurite outgrowth. It also interacts with NEMO (or IKKgamma) and may function in NEMO-mediated activation of NF-kB. RUSC proteins are adaptor proteins consisting of RUN, leucine zipper, and SH3 domains. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 42476123 379 AVRALCDHTAARpDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTS 430
Cdd:cd11958   1 AVRALCDHAGSE-SQLSFRKGEELQVLGTVDEDWIRCRRGDREGLVPVGYTS 51

RUN domain; RUN domain, named after RPIP8 (Rap2 interacting protein 8), UNC-14 and NESCA (new molecule containing SH3 at the carboxyl-terminus), is a less conserved protein motif that comprises six conserved regions, which in some proteins have considerable insertions between them. The domain core is thought to take up a predominantly alpha fold, with basic amino acids in regions A and D possibly playing a functional role in interactions with Ras GTPases. RUN domains are often found in proteins linked particularly to the functions of GTPases in the Rap and Rab families, suggesting the RUN domain may be involved in Rab-mediated membrane trafficking, possibly as a Rab-binding site. RUN domain-containing proteins could hence play important roles in multiple Ras-like GTPase signalling pathways.

                        10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123  24 VSVDKIISHFGAARNLVQKAQLgdsrlSPDVGHLVLTTLCPALHALVADGLKPFRKdlitGQRRSSPWSVVEASVKPGSS 103
Cdd:cd17671   1 KAVKELLESFADNGEADDSAAL-----TLTDDDPVVGRLCAALEAILSHGLKPKRF----GGGKVSFWDFLEALEKLLPA 71

                        90       100       110       120       130       140
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 104 TRSLGTLYSqVSRLAPLSSSRSRFHAFILGLLNTKQLELWFSSLQEDAGLLSLLYLPTGFF 164
Cdd:cd17671  72 PSLKQAIRD-INSLSNVKTDDGRGRAWIRLALNEKSLESYLAALLSDQSLLRKYYEPWALL 131

Src homology 3 domain of RUN and SH3 domain-containing protein 2; RUSC2, also called Iporin or Interacting protein of Rab1, is expressed ubiquitously with highest amounts in the brain and testis. It interacts with the small GTPase Rab1 and the Golgi matrix protein GM130, and may function in linking GTPases to certain intracellular signaling pathways. RUSC proteins are adaptor proteins consisting of RUN, leucine zipper, and SH3 domains. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTS 430
Cdd:cd11957   2 VKALCHHIATEPGQLSFNKGDILQVLSRADGDWLRCSLGPDSGLVPIAYVT 52

Src Homology 3 domain superfamily; Src Homology 3 (SH3) domains are protein interaction domains that bind proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. Thus, they are referred to as proline-recognition domains (PRDs). SH3 domains are less selective and show more diverse specificity compared to other PRDs. They have been shown to bind peptide sequences that lack the PxxP motif; examples include the PxxDY motif of Eps8 and the RKxxYxxY sequence in SKAP55. SH3 domain containing proteins play versatile and diverse roles in the cell, including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies, among others. Many members of this superfamily are adaptor proteins that associate with a number of protein partners, facilitating complex formation and signal transduction.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRcGR--DGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd00174   2 ARALYDYEAQDDDELSFKKGDIITVLEKDDDGWWE-GElnGGREGLFPANY 51

Src Homology 3 domain of metazoan osteoclast stimulating factor 1; OSTF1, also named OSF or SH3P2, is a signaling protein containing SH3 and ankyrin-repeat domains. It acts through a Src-related pathway to enhance the formation of osteoclasts and bone resorption. It also acts as a negative regulator of cell motility. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11772   2 FRALYDYEAQHPDELSFEEGDLLYISDKSDPNWWKATCGGKTGLIPSNY 50

Variant SH3 domain; SH3 (Src homology 3) domains are often indicative of a protein involved in signal transduction related to cytoskeletal organization. First described in the Src cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase. The structure is a partly opened beta barrel.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 42476123   380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVP 425
Cdd:pfam07653   2 GRVIFDYVGTDKNGLTLKKGDVVKVLGKDNDGWWEGETGGRVGLVP 47

Src homology 3 domain of Proline-Serine-Threonine Phosphatase-Interacting Protein 1; PSTPIP1, also called CD2 Binding Protein 1 (CD2BP1), is mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells. It is a binding partner of the cell surface receptor CD2 and PTP-PEST, a tyrosine phosphatase which functions in cell motility and Rac1 regulation. It also plays a role in the activation of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), which couples actin rearrangement and T cell activation. Mutations in the gene encoding PSTPIP1 cause the autoinflammatory disorder known as PAPA (pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne) syndrome. PSTPIP1 contains an N-terminal F-BAR domain, PEST motifs, and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11824   3 SVLYDYTAQEDDELSISKGDVVAVIEKGEDGWWTVERNGQKGLVPGTY 50

C-terminal Src homology 3 domain of Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) and related proteins; This family includes the adaptor protein GRB2 and related proteins including Drosophila melanogaster Downstream of receptor kinase (DRK), Caenorhabditis elegans Sex muscle abnormal protein 5 (Sem-5), GRB2-related adaptor protein (GRAP), GRAP2, and similar proteins. Family members contain an N-terminal SH3 domain, a central SH2 domain, and a C-terminal SH3 domain. GRB2/Sem-5/DRK is a critical signaling molecule that regulates the Ras pathway by linking tyrosine kinases to the Ras guanine nucleotide releasing protein Sos (son of sevenless), which converts Ras to the active GTP-bound state. GRAP2 plays an important role in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling by promoting the formation of the SLP-76:LAT complex, which couples the TCR to the Ras pathway. GRAP acts as a negative regulator of T cell receptor (TCR)-induced lymphocyte proliferation by downregulating the signaling to the Ras/ERK pathway. The C-terminal SH3 domains (SH3c) of GRB2 and GRAP2 have been shown to bind to classical PxxP motif ligands, as well as to non-classical motifs. GRB2 SH3c binds Gab2 (Grb2-associated binder 2) through epitopes containing RxxK motifs, while the SH3c of GRAP2 binds to the phosphatase-like protein HD-PTP via a RxxxxK motif. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that typically bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11805   2 VQALYDFNPQEPGELEFRRGDIITVLDSSDPDWWKGELRGRVGIFPANY 50

Src homology 3 domain of Slit-Robo GTPase Activating Protein 4; srGAP4, also called ARHGAP4, is highly expressed in hematopoietic cells and may play a role in lymphocyte differentiation. It is able to stimulate the GTPase activity of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA. In the nervous system, srGAP4 has been detected in differentiating neurites and may be involved in axon and dendritic growth. srGAPs are Rho GAPs that interact with Robo1, the transmembrane receptor of Slit proteins. Slit proteins are secreted proteins that control axon guidance and the migration of neurons and leukocytes. srGAPs contain an N-terminal F-BAR domain, a Rho GAP domain, and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123 382 ALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTSL 431
Cdd:cd11956   6 ACFDYTGRTAQELSFKRGDVLLLHSKASSDWWRGEHNGMRGLIPHKYISV 55

Src homology 3 domain of Protein kinase C and Casein kinase Substrate in Neurons (PACSIN) proteins; PACSINs, also called Synaptic dynamin-associated proteins (Syndapins), act as regulators of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics. They bind both dynamin and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), and may provide direct links between the actin cytoskeletal machinery through WASP and dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Vetebrates harbor three isoforms with distinct expression patterns and specific functions. PACSINs contain an N-terminal F-BAR domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDED-WLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11843   2 VRALYDYEGQESDELSFKAGDILTKLEEEDEQgWCKGRLDGRVGLYPANY 51

Fifth Src homology 3 domain (or SH3E) of Intersectin-2; Intersectin-2 (ITSN2) is an adaptor protein that functions in exo- and endocytosis, actin cytoskeletal reorganization, and signal transduction. It plays a role in clathrin-coated pit (CCP) formation. It binds to many proteins through its multidomain structure and facilitate the assembly of multimeric complexes. ITSN2 also functions as a specific GEF for Cdc42 activation in epithelial morphogenesis, and is required in mitotic spindle orientation. It exists in alternatively spliced short and long isoforms. The short isoform contains two Eps15 homology domains (EH1 and EH2), a coiled-coil region and five SH3 domains (SH3A-E), while the long isoform, in addition, contains RhoGEF (also called Dbl-homologous or DH), Pleckstrin homology (PH) and C2 domains. The fifth SH3 domain (or SH3E) of ITSN2 is expected to bind protein partners, similar to ITSN1 which has been shown to bind many protein partners including SGIP1, Sos1, dynamin1/2, CIN85, c-Cbl, SHIP2, N-WASP, and synaptojanin-1, among others. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTSL 431
Cdd:cd11996   3 VIAMYDYTANNEDELSFSKGQLINVLNKDDPDWWQGEINGVTGLFPSNYVKM 54

N-terminal Src Homology 3 domain of Ct10 Regulator of Kinase adaptor proteins; CRK adaptor proteins consists of SH2 and SH3 domains, which bind tyrosine-phosphorylated peptides and proline-rich motifs, respectively. They function downstream of protein tyrosine kinases in many signaling pathways started by various extracellular signals, including growth and differentiation factors. Cellular CRK (c-CRK) contains a single SH2 domain, followed by N-terminal and C-terminal SH3 domains. It is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes including cell growth, motility, adhesion, and apoptosis. CRK has been implicated in the malignancy of various human cancers. The N-terminal SH3 domain of CRK binds a number of target proteins including DOCK180, C3G, SOS, and cABL. The CRK family includes two alternatively spliced protein forms, CRKI and CRKII, that are expressed by the CRK gene, and the CRK-like (CRKL) protein, which is expressed by a distinct gene (CRKL). SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRC-GRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11758   3 VRALFDFPGNDDEDLPFKKGEILTVIRKPEEQWWNArNSEGKTGMIPVPY 52

N-terminal Src homology 3 domain of GRB2-related adaptor protein 2; GRAP2 is also called GADS (GRB2-related adapter downstream of Shc), GrpL, GRB2L, Mona, or GRID (Grb2-related protein with insert domain). It is expressed specifically in the hematopoietic system. It plays an important role in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling by promoting the formation of the SLP-76:LAT complex, which couples the TCR to the Ras pathway. It also have roles in antigen-receptor and tyrosine kinase mediated signaling. GRAP2 is unique from other GRB2-like adaptor proteins in that it can be regulated by caspase cleavage. It contains an N-terminal SH3 domain, a central SH2 domain, and a C-terminal SH3 domain. The N-terminal SH3 domain of the related protein GRB2 binds to Sos and Sos-derived proline-rich peptides. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTvDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11947   3 RGKFDFTASGEDELSFKKGDVLKILSS-DDIWFKAELNGEEGYVPKNF 49

Src homology 3 domain of CAS (Crk-Associated Substrate) scaffolding proteins; CAS proteins function as molecular scaffolds to regulate protein complexes that are involved in many cellular processes including migration, chemotaxis, apoptosis, differentiation, and progenitor cell function. They mediate the signaling of integrins at focal adhesions where they localize, and thus, regulate cell invasion and survival. Over-expression of these proteins is implicated in poor prognosis, increased metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapeutics in many cancers such as breast, lung, melanoma, and glioblastoma. CAS proteins have also been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and developmental defects. They share a common domain structure that includes an N-terminal SH3 domain, an unstructured substrate domain that contains many YxxP motifs, a serine-rich four-helix bundle, and a FAT-like C-terminal domain. Vertebrates contain four CAS proteins: BCAR1 (or p130Cas), NEDD9 (or HEF1), EFS (or SIN), and CASS4 (or HEPL). The SH3 domain of CAS proteins binds to diverse partners including FAK, FRNK, Pyk2, PTP-PEST, DOCK180, among others. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVI---TTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVP 425
Cdd:cd11844   3 RALYDNVAESPDELAFRRGDILTVLeqnTAGLEGWWLCSLRGRQGIAP 50

Src homology 3 domains of the p47phox subunit of NADPH oxidase and similar domains; This family is composed of the tandem SH3 domains of p47phox subunit of NADPH oxidase and Nox Organizing protein 1 (NoxO1), the four SH3 domains of Tks4 (Tyr kinase substrate with four SH3 domains), the five SH3 domains of Tks5, the SH3 domain of obscurin, Myosin-I, and similar domains. Most members of this group also contain Phox homology (PX) domains, except for obscurin and Myosin-I. p47phox and NoxO1 are regulators of the phagocytic NADPH oxidase complex (also called Nox2 or gp91phox) and nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase Nox1, respectively. They play roles in the activation of their respective NADPH oxidase, which catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen to form superoxide. Tks proteins are Src substrates and scaffolding proteins that play important roles in the formation of podosomes and invadopodia, the dynamic actin-rich structures that are related to cell migration and cancer cell invasion. Obscurin is a giant muscle protein that plays important roles in the organization and assembly of the myofibril and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Type I myosins (Myosin-I) are actin-dependent motors in endocytic actin structures and actin patches. They play roles in membrane traffic in endocytic and secretory pathways, cell motility, and mechanosensing. Myosin-I contains an N-terminal actin-activated ATPase, a phospholipid-binding TH1 (tail homology 1) domain, and a C-terminal extension which includes an F-actin-binding TH2 domain, an SH3 domain, and an acidic peptide that participates in activating the Arp2/3complex. The SH3 domain of myosin-I is required for myosin-I-induced actin polymerization. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11856   3 VAIADYEAQGDDEISLQEGEVVEVLEKNDSGWWYVRKGDKEGWVPASY 50

Src homology 3 domain of Abl Interactor proteins; Abl interactor (Abi) proteins are adaptor proteins serving as binding partners and substrates of Abl tyrosine kinases. They are involved in regulating actin cytoskeletal reorganization and play important roles in membrane-ruffling, endocytosis, cell motility, and cell migration. They localize to sites of actin polymerization in epithelial adherens junction and immune synapses, as well as to the leading edge of lamellipodia. Vertebrates contain two Abi proteins, Abi1 and Abi2. Abi1 displays a wide expression pattern while Abi2 is highly expressed in the eye and brain. Abi proteins contain a homeobox homology domain, a proline-rich region, and a SH3 domain. The SH3 domain of Abi binds to a PxxP motif in Abl. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11826   2 VVALYDYTADKDDELSFQEGDIIYVTKKNDDGWYEGVLNGVTGLFPGNY 50

Src homology 3 domain of Src kinase-like Protein Tyrosine Kinases; Src subfamily members include Src, Lck, Hck, Blk, Lyn, Fgr, Fyn, Yrk, Yes, and Brk. Src (or c-Src) proteins are cytoplasmic (or non-receptor) PTKs which are anchored to the plasma membrane. They contain an N-terminal SH4 domain with a myristoylation site, followed by SH3 and SH2 domains, a tyr kinase domain, and a regulatory C-terminal region containing a conserved tyr. They are activated by autophosphorylation at the tyr kinase domain, but are negatively regulated by phosphorylation at the C-terminal tyr by Csk (C-terminal Src Kinase). However, Brk lacks the N-terminal myristoylation sites. Src proteins are involved in signaling pathways that regulate cytokine and growth factor responses, cytoskeleton dynamics, cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. They were identified as the first proto-oncogene products, and they regulate cell adhesion, invasion, and motility in cancer cells, and tumor vasculature, contributing to cancer progression and metastasis. Src kinases are overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, making them attractive targets for therapy. They are also implicated in acute inflammatory responses and osteoclast function. Src, Fyn, Yes, and Yrk are widely expressed, while Blk, Lck, Hck, Fgr, Lyn, and Brk show a limited expression pattern. This subfamily also includes Drosophila Src42A, Src oncogene at 42A (also known as Dsrc41) which accumulates at sites of cell-cell or cell-matrix adhesion, and participates in Drosphila development and wound healing. It has been shown to promote tube elongation in the tracheal system, is essential for proper cell-cell matching during dorsal closure, and regulates cell-cell contacts in developing Drosophila eyes. The SH3 domain of Src kinases contributes to substrate recruitment by binding adaptor proteins/substrates, and regulation of kinase activity through an intramolecular interaction. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDW--LRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11845   2 YVALYDYEARTDDDLSFKKGDRLQILDDSDGDWwlARHLSTGKEGYIPSNY 52

C-terminal Src homology 3 domain of Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2; GRB2 is a critical signaling molecule that regulates the Ras pathway by linking tyrosine kinases to the Ras guanine nucleotide releasing protein Sos (son of sevenless), which converts Ras to the active GTP-bound state. It is ubiquitously expressed in all tissues throughout development and is important in cell cycle progression, motility, morphogenesis, and angiogenesis. In lymphocytes, GRB2 is associated with antigen receptor signaling components. GRB2 contains an N-terminal SH3 domain, a central SH2 domain, and a C-terminal SH3 domain. The C-terminal SH3 domain of GRB2 binds to Gab2 (Grb2-associated binder 2) through epitopes containing RxxK motifs, as well as to the proline-rich C-terminus of FGRF2. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that typically bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123 379 AVRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11949   1 YVQALFDFDPQEDGELGFRRGDFIEVMDNSDPNWWKGACHGQTGMFPRNY 50

Src homology 3 domain of Signal Transducing Adaptor Molecules; STAMs were discovered as proteins that are highly phosphorylated following cytokine and growth factor stimulation. They function in cytokine signaling and surface receptor degradation, as well as regulate Golgi morphology. They associate with many proteins including Jak2 and Jak3 tyrosine kinases, Hrs, AMSH, and UBPY. STAM adaptor proteins contain VHS (Vps27, Hrs, STAM homology), ubiquitin interacting (UIM), and SH3 domains. There are two vertebrate STAMs, STAM1 and STAM2, which may be functionally redundant; vertebrate STAMs contain ITAM motifs. They are part of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT-0). STAM2 deficiency in mice did not cause any obvious abnormality, while STAM1 deficiency resulted in growth retardation. Loss of both STAM1 and STAM2 in mice proved lethal, indicating that STAMs are important for embryonic development. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 42476123 378 RAVRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTS 430
Cdd:cd11820   1 RKVRALYDFEAAEDNELTFKAGEIITVLDDSDPNWWKGSNHRGEGLFPANFVT 53

Second Src Homology 3 domain of the fungal endocytic adaptor protein Sla1p; Sla1p facilitates endocytosis by playing a role as an adaptor protein in coupling components of the actin cytoskeleton to the endocytic machinery. It interacts with Abp1p, Las17p and Pan1p, which are activator proteins of actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3). Sla1p contains multiple domains including three SH3 domains, a SAM (sterile alpha motif) domain, and a Sla1 homology domain 1 (SHD1), which binds to the NPFXD motif that is found in many integral membrane proteins such as the Golgi-localized Arf-binding protein Lsb5p and the P4-ATPases, Drs2p and Dnf1p. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGME-GLVPVGYT 429
Cdd:cd11774   2 AKALYDYDKQTEEELSFNEGDTLDVYDDSDSDWILVGFNGTQfGFVPANYI 52

Src homology 3 domain of ARHGEF9-like Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors; Members of this family contain a SH3 domain followed by RhoGEF (also called Dbl-homologous or DH) and Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domains. They include the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors ARHGEF9, ASEF (also called ARHGEF4), ASEF2, and similar proteins. GEFs activate small GTPases by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. ARHGEF9 specifically activates Cdc42, while both ASEF and ASEF2 can activate Rac1 and Cdc42. ARHGEF9 is highly expressed in the brain and it interacts with gephyrin, a postsynaptic protein associated with GABA and glycine receptors. ASEF plays a role in angiogenesis and cell migration. ASEF2 is important in cell migration and adhesion dynamics. ASEF exists in an autoinhibited form and is activated upon binding of the tumor suppressor APC (adenomatous polyposis coli), leading to the activation of Rac1 or Cdc42. In its autoinhibited form, the SH3 domain of ASEF forms an extensive interface with the DH and PH domains, blocking the Rac binding site. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 42476123 382 ALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTSL 431
Cdd:cd11828   4 ALWDHVTMDPEELGFKAGDVIEVLDMSDKDWWWGSIRDEEGWFPASFVRL 53

Src Homology 3 domain of Abelson helper integration site-1 (AHI-1); AHI-1, also called Jouberin, is expressed in high levels in the brain, gonad tissues, and skeletal muscle. It is an adaptor protein that interacts with the small GTPase Rab8a and regulates it distribution and function, affecting cilium formation and vesicle transport. Mutations in the AHI-1 gene can cause Joubert syndrome, a disorder characterized by brainstem malformations, cerebellar aplasia/hypoplasia, and retinal dystrophy. AHI-1 variation is also associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes mellitus progression. AHI-1 contains WD40 and SH3 domains. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLrCGR--DGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11812   2 VVALYDYTANRSDELTIHRGDIIRVLYKDNDNWW-FGSlvNGQQGYFPANY 51

C-terminal Src homology 3 domain of GRB2-related adaptor protein; GRAP is a GRB-2 like adaptor protein that is highly expressed in lymphoid tissues. It acts as a negative regulator of T cell receptor (TCR)-induced lymphocyte proliferation by downregulating the signaling to the Ras/ERK pathway. It has been identified as a regulator of TGFbeta signaling in diabetic kidney tubules and may have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. GRAP contains an N-terminal SH3 domain, a central SH2 domain, and a C-terminal SH3 domain. The C-terminal SH3 domains (SH3c) of the related proteins, GRB2 and GRAP2, have been shown to bind to classical PxxP motif ligands, as well as to non-classical motifs. GRB2 SH3c binds Gab2 (Grb2-associated binder 2) through epitopes containing RxxK motifs, while the SH3c of GRAP2 binds to the phosphatase-like protein HD-PTP via a RxxxxK motif. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that typically bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLR---CGRDGM 420
Cdd:cd11951   2 VQAQYDFSAEDPSQLSFRRGDIIEVLDCPDPNWWRgriSGRVGF 45

Third Src Homology 3 domain of Nck1 adaptor protein; Nck1 (also called Nckalpha) plays a crucial role in connecting signaling pathways of tyrosine kinase receptors and important effectors in actin dynamics and cytoskeletal remodeling. It binds and activates RasGAP, resulting in the downregulation of Ras. It is also involved in the signaling of endothilin-mediated inhibition of cell migration. Nck adaptor proteins regulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics by linking proline-rich effector molecules to protein tyrosine kinases and phosphorylated signaling intermediates. They contain three SH3 domains and a C-terminal SH2 domain. They function downstream of the PDGFbeta receptor and are involved in Rho GTPase signaling and actin dynamics. Vertebrates contain two Nck adaptor proteins: Nck1 (also called Nckalpha) and Nck2, which show partly overlapping functions but also bind distinct targets. The third SH3 domain of Nck appears to prefer ligands with a PxAPxR motif. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that usually bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially a PxxP motif. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDED--WLRCGR-DGMEGLVPVGYTSL 431
Cdd:cd11904   3 VQALYPFSSSNDEELNFEKGEVMDVIEKPENDpeWWKCRKaNGQVGLVPKNYVTV 57

C-terminal Src Homology 3 domain of the Nebulin family of proteins; Nebulin family proteins contain multiple nebulin repeats, and may contain an N-terminal LIM domain and/or a C-terminal SH3 domain. They have molecular weights ranging from 34 to 900 kD, depending on the number of nebulin repeats, and they all bind actin. They are involved in the regulation of actin filament architecture and function as stabilizers and scaffolds for cytoskeletal structures with which they associate, such as long actin filaments or focal adhesions. Nebulin family proteins that contain a C-terminal SH3 domain include the giant filamentous protein nebulin, nebulette, Lasp1, and Lasp2. Lasp2, also called LIM-nebulette, is an alternatively spliced variant of nebulette. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWL--RCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11789   2 YRAMYDYAAADDDEVSFQEGDVIINVEIIDDGWMegTVQRTGQSGMLPANY 52

Src homology 3 domain of CAS (Crk-Associated Substrate) scaffolding protein family member 4; CASS4, also called HEPL (HEF1-EFS-p130Cas-like), localizes to focal adhesions and plays a role in regulating FAK activity, focal adhesion integrity, and cell spreading. It is most abundant in blood cells and lung tissue, and is also found in high levels in leukemia and ovarian cell lines. CAS proteins function as molecular scaffolds to regulate protein complexes that are involved in many cellular processes. They share a common domain structure that includes an N-terminal SH3 domain, an unstructured substrate domain that contains many YxxP motifs, a serine-rich four-helix bundle, and a FAT-like C-terminal domain. The SH3 domain of CAS proteins binds to diverse partners including FAK, FRNK, Pyk2, PTP-PEST, DOCK180, among others. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVI---TTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVP 425
Cdd:cd12000   4 RALYDNKADCSDELAFRRGDILTVLeqnVPGSEGWWKCLLHGRQGLAP 51

Fifth Src homology 3 domain (or SH3E) of Intersectin-1; Intersectin-1 (ITSN1) is an adaptor protein that functions in exo- and endocytosis, actin cytoskeletal reorganization, and signal transduction. It plays a role in clathrin-coated pit (CCP) formation. It binds to many proteins through its multidomain structure and facilitate the assembly of multimeric complexes. ITSN1 localizes in membranous organelles, CCPs, the Golgi complex, and may be involved in the cell membrane trafficking system. It exists in alternatively spliced short and long isoforms. The short isoform contains two Eps15 homology domains (EH1 and EH2), a coiled-coil region and five SH3 domains (SH3A-E), while the long isoform, in addition, contains RhoGEF (also called Dbl-homologous or DH), Pleckstrin homology (PH) and C2 domains. The fifth SH3 domain (or SH3E) of ITSN1 has been shown to bind many protein partners including SGIP1, Sos1, dynamin1/2, CIN85, c-Cbl, SHIP2, N-WASP, and synaptojanin-1, among others. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTSL 431
Cdd:cd11995   3 VIGMYDYTAQNDDELAFSKGQIINVLNKEDPDWWKGELNGQVGLFPSNYVKL 54

Second Src Homology 3 domain of Bud emergence protein 1 and similar domains; Members of this subfamily bear similarity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bem1p, containing two Src Homology 3 (SH3) domains at the N-terminus, a central PX domain, and a C-terminal PB1 domain. Bem1p is a scaffolding protein that is critical for proper Cdc42p activation during bud formation in yeast. During budding and mating, Bem1p migrates to the plasma membrane where it can serve as an adaptor for Cdc42p and some other proteins. Bem1p also functions as an effector of the G1 cyclin Cln3p and the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28p in promoting vacuolar fusion. SH3 domains bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs; they play a role in the regulation of enzymes by intramolecular interactions, changing the subcellular localization of signal pathway components and mediate multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 42476123 383 LCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWL---RCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTSL 431
Cdd:cd11879   5 LYDFKAERPDELDAKAGDAIIICAHSNYEWFvakPIGRLGGPGLIPVSFVEI 56

Third N-terminal Src homology 3 domain of Dynamin Binding Protein, also called Tuba; DNMBP or Tuba is a cdc42-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that contains four N-terminal SH3 domains, a central RhoGEF [or Dbl homology (DH)] domain followed by a Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) domain, and two C-terminal SH3 domains. It provides a functional link between dynamin and key regulatory proteins of the actin cytoskeleton. It plays an important role in regulating cell junction configuration. The four N-terminal SH3 domains of DNMBP binds the GTPase dynamin, which plays an important role in the fission of endocytic vesicles. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11796   3 RVLQDLSAQLDEELDLREGDVVTITGILDKGWFRGELNGRRGIFPEGF 50

Src homology 3 domain of an unknown subfamily of proteins with similarity to Protein kinase C and Casein kinase Substrate in Neurons (PACSIN) proteins; PACSINs, also called Synaptic dynamin-associated proteins (Syndapins), act as regulators of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics. They bind both dynamin and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP), and may provide direct links between the actin cytoskeletal machinery through WASP and dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Vetebrates harbor three isoforms with distinct expression patterns and specific functions. PACSINs contain an N-terminal F-BAR domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDED-WLRCGRD-GMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11999   4 VRAVYDYTGQEPDELSFKAGEELLKVEDEDEQgWCKGVTDgGAVGLYPANY 54

Src Homology 3 (SH3) domain of Inhibitor of ASPP protein (iASPP); iASPP, also called RelA-associated inhibitor (RAI), is an oncoprotein that inhibits the apoptotic transactivation potential of p53. It is upregulated in human breast cancers expressing wild-type p53, in acute leukemias regardless of the p53 mutation status, as well as in ovarian cancer where it is associated with poor patient outcome and chemoresistance. iASPP is also a binding partner and negative regulator of p65RelA, which promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis; p65RelA has the opposite effect on cell growth compared to the p53 family. It contains a proline-rich region, four ankyrin (ANK) repeats, and an SH3 domain at its C-terminal half. The SH3 domain and the ANK repeats of iASPP contribute to the p53 binding site; they bind to the DNA binding domain of p53. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 42476123 379 AVRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDE--DWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGYTSL 431
Cdd:cd11952   2 VVYALWDYSAEFPDELSFKEGDMVTVLRKDGEgtDWWWASLCGREGYVPRNYFGL 56

Src homology 3 domain of Phospholipase C (PLC) gamma 2; PLCgamma2 is primarily expressed in haematopoietic cells, specifically in B cells. It is activated by tyrosine phosphorylation by B cell receptor (BCR) kinases and is recruited to the plasma membrane where its substrate is located. It is required in pre-BCR signaling and in the maturation of B cells. PLCs catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] to produce Ins(1,4,5)P3 and diacylglycerol (DAG). Ins(1,4,5)P3 initiates the calcium signaling cascade while DAG functions as an activator of PKC. PLCgamma contains a Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain followed by an elongation factor (EF) domain, two catalytic regions of PLC domains that flank two tandem SH2 domains, followed by a SH3 domain and C2 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 42476123 379 AVRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDW 412
Cdd:cd11969   1 TVKALYDYRAKRSDELSFCKGALIHNVSKETGGW 34

Second Src Homology 3 domain of Sorbin and SH3 domain containing (Sorbs) proteins and similar domains; This family, also called the vinexin family, is composed predominantly of adaptor proteins containing one sorbin homology (SoHo) and three SH3 domains. Members include the second SH3 domains of Sorbs1 (or ponsin), Sorbs2 (or ArgBP2), Vinexin (or Sorbs3), and similar domains. They are involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal organization, cell adhesion, and growth factor signaling. Members of this family bind multiple partners including signaling molecules like c-Abl, c-Arg, Sos, and c-Cbl, as well as cytoskeletal molecules such as vinculin and afadin. They may have overlapping functions. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11782   3 RAKYNFNADTGVELSFRKGDVITLTRRVDENWYEGRIGGRQGIFPVSY 50

Src homology 3 domain of Protein kinase C and Casein kinase Substrate in Neurons 3 (PACSIN3); PACSIN 3 or Syndapin III (Synaptic dynamin-associated protein III) is expressed ubiquitously and regulates glucose uptake in adipocytes through its role in GLUT1 trafficking. It also modulates the subcellular localization and stimulus-specific function of the cation channel TRPV4. PACSINs act as regulators of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics. Vetebrates harbor three isoforms with distinct expression patterns and specific functions. PACSINs contain an N-terminal F-BAR domain and a C-terminal SH3 domain. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40        50
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDED-WLRcGR--DGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11997   4 VRALYDYTGQEADELSFKAGEELLKIGEEDEQgWCK-GRllSGRIGLYPANY 54

Fifth Src homology 3 domain of ADAM-binding protein Eve-1; Eve-1, also called SH3 domain-containing protein 19 (SH3D19) or EEN-binding protein (EBP), exists in multiple alternatively spliced isoforms. The longest isoform contains five SH3 domain in the C-terminal region and seven proline-rich motifs in the N-terminal region. It is abundantly expressed in skeletal muscle and heart, and may be involved in regulating the activity of ADAMs (A disintegrin and metalloproteases). Eve-1 interacts with EEN, an endophilin involved in endocytosis and may be the target of the MLL-EEN fusion protein that is implicated in leukemogenesis. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 42476123 381 RALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11818   3 RALYDFTGENEDELSFKAGDIITELESIDEEWMSGELRGKSGIFPKNF 50

Src homology 3 domain of Alpha Spectrin; Spectrin is a major structural component of the red blood cell membrane skeleton and is important in erythropoiesis and membrane biogenesis. It is a flexible, rope-like molecule composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, which consist of many spectrin-type repeats. Alpha and beta spectrin associate to form heterodimers and tetramers; spectrin tetramer formation is critical for red cell shape and deformability. Defects in alpha spectrin have been associated with inherited hemolytic anemias including hereditary spherocytosis (HSp), hereditary elliptocytosis (HE), and hereditary pyropoikilocytosis (HPP). Alpha spectrin contains a middle SH3 domain and a C-terminal EF-hand binding motif in addition to multiple spectrin repeats. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20        30        40
                ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTVDEDWLRCGRDGMEGLVPVGY 428
Cdd:cd11808   2 VVALYDYQEKSPREVSMKKGDILTLLNSSNKDWWKVEVNDRQGFVPAAY 50

Src homology 3 domain of Disks Large homolog 5; DLG5 is a multifunctional scaffold protein that is located at sites of cell-cell contact and is involved in the maintenance of cell shape and polarity. Mutations in the DLG5 gene are associated with Crohn's disease (CD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). DLG5 is a member of the MAGUK (membrane-associated guanylate kinase) protein family, which is characterized by the presence of a core of three domains: PDZ, SH3, and guanylate kinase (GuK). The GuK domain in MAGUK proteins is enzymatically inactive; instead, the domain mediates protein-protein interactions and associates intramolecularly with the SH3 domain. DLG5 contains 4 PDZ domains as well as an N-terminal domain of unknown function. SH3 domains are protein interaction domains that bind to proline-rich ligands with moderate affinity and selectivity, preferentially to PxxP motifs. They play versatile and diverse roles in the cell including the regulation of enzymes, changing the subcellular localization of signaling pathway components, and mediating the formation of multiprotein complex assemblies.

                        10        20
                ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 42476123 380 VRALCDHTAARPDQLSFRRGEVLRVITTV 408
Cdd:cd11860   2 VRALFDRSAENEDELSFKKDDILYVDNTM 30