FYVE domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 (RUFY2) and similar proteins; RUFY2, also termed Rab4-interacting protein related, is a novel embryonic factor that contains an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain with two coiled-coil domains in-between. It is present in the nucleus at early stages of embryonic development. It may have both endosomal functions in the cytoplasm and nuclear functions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 109240556 569 GLVWLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSCHALLIQRCSSN 639
Cdd:cd15759    1 GQVWLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSCHAMLIQRCSSN 71

FYVE domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 (RUFY2) and similar proteins; RUFY2, also termed Rab4-interacting protein related, is a novel embryonic factor that contains an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain with two coiled-coil domains in-between. It is present in the nucleus at early stages of embryonic development. It may have both endosomal functions in the cytoplasm and nuclear functions.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 109240556 569 GLVWLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSCHALLIQRCSSN 639
Cdd:cd15759    1 GQVWLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSCHAMLIQRCSSN 71

FYVE zinc finger; The FYVE zinc finger is named after four proteins that it has been found in: Fab1, YOTB/ZK632.12, Vac1, and EEA1. The FYVE finger has been shown to bind two Zn++ ions. The FYVE finger has eight potential zinc coordinating cysteine positions. Many members of this family also include two histidines in a motif R+HHC+XCG, where + represents a charged residue and X any residue. We have included members which do not conserve these histidine residues but are clearly related.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 109240556  571 VWLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLP---SSPKPVRVCDSCHALL 632
Cdd:pfam01363   2 VWVPDSSATVCMICSKPFTFFRRRHHCRNCGRVFCSACSSKKISLLpelGSNKPVRVCDACYDTL 66

domain involved in Ras-like GTPase signaling;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 109240556   140 ARAWLRLALMQKKMADYLRCLIIQRDLLSEFYEYHALMM-EEEGAVIVGLLVGLNVIDANLCVK 202
Cdd:smart00593   1 FRAWIRLALNEKLLSSWLNLLLSDEELLSKYYEPWAFLRdPEEGEQLLGLLVGLSALDFNLPVD 64

helix-rich Mycoplasma protein; Members of this family occur strictly within a subset of Mycoplasma species. Members average 750 amino acids in length, including signal peptide. Sequences are predicted (Jpred 3) to be almost entirely alpha-helical. These sequences show strong periodicity (consistent with long alpha helical structures) and low complexity rich in D,E,N,Q, and K. Genes encoding these proteins are often found in tandem. The function is unknown.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  219 LKNEEDIGNKERNvQIAAILDQKNYVEELNRQLNSTVSSLHSRVDSLEKSNTKLIEELAIAKNNIIKLQEENHQLRSENK 298
Cdd:TIGR04523  56 LKNLDKNLNKDEE-KINNSNNKIKILEQQIKDLNDKLKKNKDKINKLNSDLSKINSEIKNDKEQKNKLEVELNKLEKQKK 134

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  299 lilmktqqHLEVTKVDVETELQTYKHSRQGLDEMYNEARRQlrdesqlrqdvenelavqvsmKHEIELAMKLLEKDIHEK 378
Cdd:TIGR04523 135 --------ENKKNIDKFLTEIKKKEKELEKLNNKYNDLKKQ---------------------KEELENELNLLEKEKLNI 185

                         170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  379 QDTLIGLRQQL--EEVKAINIEMY----QKLQGSEDGLKEKN----EIIARLEEKTNKITAAMRQLEQRLQQAEKAQmea 448
Cdd:TIGR04523 186 QKNIDKIKNKLlkLELLLSNLKKKiqknKSLESQISELKKQNnqlkDNIEKKQQEINEKTTEISNTQTQLNQLKDEQ--- 262

                         250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  449 eDEDEKYLQECLSKSDSLQKQISQKEKQLVQLET---DLKIEKE--WRQTLQEDLQKEKDALSHLRNE-----------T 512
Cdd:TIGR04523 263 -NKIKKQLSEKQKELEQNNKKIKELEKQLNQLKSeisDLNNQKEqdWNKELKSELKNQEKKLEEIQNQisqnnkiisqlN 341

                         330       340       350       360       370       380       390
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  513 QQIISLKKEFLNLQDENQ-----------QLKKIYHEQEQALQE---LGNKLSESKLKIEDIKEANKALQ 568
Cdd:TIGR04523 342 EQISQLKKELTNSESENSekqreleekqnEIEKLKKENQSYKQEiknLESQINDLESKIQNQEKLNQQKD 411

Protein of unknown function (DUF3584); This protein is found in bacteria and eukaryotes. Proteins in this family are typically between 943 to 1234 amino acids in length. This family contains a P-loop motif suggesting it is a nucleotide binding protein. It may be involved in replication.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556   283 IIKLQEENHQLRSenkliLMKTQQHLEVTKVDVETELQTYKHSRQGLDEMYNEARRQLRDESQLRQDvenelavqvsmkh 362
Cdd:pfam12128  243 FTKLQQEFNTLES-----AELRLSHLHFGYKSDETLIASRQEERQETSAELNQLLRTLDDQWKEKRD------------- 304

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556   363 EIELAMKLLEKDIHEKQDTLIGLRQQLEEVKAINIEMYQKLQGSEDG----LKEKNEIIARLEEKTNKITAAMRQLEQRL 438
Cdd:pfam12128  305 ELNGELSAADAAVAKDRSELEALEDQHGAFLDADIETAAADQEQLPSwqseLENLEERLKALTGKHQDVTAKYNRRRSKI 384

                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556   439 QQAEKAQMEAEDEDEKYLQECLSK-----SDSLQKQISQKEKQLVQLETDLKIEKE-------WRQTLQEDLQKEKDALS 506
Cdd:pfam12128  385 KEQNNRDIAGIKDKLAKIREARDRqlavaEDDLQALESELREQLEAGKLEFNEEEYrlksrlgELKLRLNQATATPELLL 464

                          250       260       270       280       290       300
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 109240556   507 HLRN---------ETQQiiSLKKEFLNLQDENQQLKKIYHEQEQALQELGNKLSESKLKIEDIKE 562
Cdd:pfam12128  465 QLENfderierarEEQE--AANAEVERLQSELRQARKRRDQASEALRQASRRLEERQSALDELEL 527

Syntaxin N-terminal domain; Three-helix domain that (in Sso1p) slows the rate of its reaction with the SNAP-25 homologue Sec9p

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556   404 QGSEDGLKEKNEI---IARLEEKTNKItaamrqleQRLQQAEKAQMEAEDEDEKYLQECLSKSDSLQKQISQKEKQLVQl 480
Cdd:smart00503   1 SNLDEFFEKVEEIranIQKISQNVAEL--------QKLHEELLTPPDADKELREKLERLIDDIKRLAKEIRAKLKELEK- 71

                           90       100       110       120       130       140
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556   481 etdlkiekewrqtlqEDLQKEKDALSHLRNETQQIISLKKEFLNLQDENQQLKKIYHEQE 540
Cdd:smart00503  72 ---------------ENLENRASGSASDRTRKAQTEKLRKKFKEVMNEFQRLQRKYRERE 116

RUN domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing proteins, RUFY1, RUFY2, RUFY3 and similar proteins; This family includes RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein RUFY1, RUFY2, and RUFY3. RUFY1, also called FYVE-finger protein EIP1, or La-binding protein 1, or Rab4-interacting protein (Rabip4), or Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 12 (ZFY12), a human homolog of mouse Rabip4, an effector of Rab4 GTPase that regulates recycling of endocytosed cargo. RUFY1 is an endosomal protein that functions as a dual effector of Rab4 and Rab14 and is involved in efficient recycling of transferrin (Tfn). It is a downstream effector of Etk, a downstream tyrosine kinase of PI3-kinase that is involved in regulation of vesicle trafficking. RUFY2, also called Rab4-interacting protein related, is a novel embryonic factor that is present in the nucleus at early stages of embryonic development. It may have both endosomal functions in the cytoplasm and nuclear functions. RUFY3, also called Rap2-interacting protein x (RIPx or RPIPx), or single axon-regulated protein (singar), is an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain containing protein predominantly expressed in the brain. It suppresses formation of surplus axons for neuronal polarity. Unlike other RUFY proteins, RUFY3 can associate with the GTP-bound active form of Rab5. RUFY1, RUFY2, and RUFY3 contain an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain with two coiled-coil domains in-between; this model represents the RUN domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  45 ERANLLNMAKLSIKGLIESALSFGRTLDSDYPPLQQFFVVMEHCLKHGLKVRKSFLSYNKTIWGPLELVEKLYPEAEEIG 124
Cdd:cd17681    1 ERRNLLNLAKLSIKELIESALSFGRTLDSDHVPLQQFFVILEHVLRHGLKVKKSFLGPNKSFWPVLEHVEKLVPEANEIT 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 109240556 125 ASVRDLPGLKTPLGRARAWLRLALMQKKMADYLRCLIIQRDLLSEFYEYHALMMEEEGAVIVGLLVGLNVIDANL 199
Cdd:cd17681   81 ASVRDLPGIKTPLGRARAWLRLALMQKKLADYFRALIENKDLLSEFYEPGALMMSEEAVVIAGLLVGLNVIDCNL 155

RUN domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 3 (RUFY3) and similar proteins; RUFY3, also called Rap2-interacting protein x (RIPx or RPIPx), or single axon-regulated protein (singar), is an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain containing protein predominantly expressed in the brain. It suppresses formation of surplus axons for neuronal polarity. Unlike other RUFY proteins, RUFY3 can associate with the GTP-bound active form of Rab5. This model represents the RUN domain of RUFY3.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  45 ERANLLNMAKLSIKGLIESALSFGRTLDSDYPPLQQFFVVMEHCLKHGLKVRKSFLSYNKTIWGPLELVEKLYPEAEEIG 124
Cdd:cd17696    1 ERMNLMNMAKLSIKGLIESALNLGRTLDSDYAPLQQFFVVMEHCLKHGLKAKKTFLGQNKSFWGPLELVEKLVPEAAEIT 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 109240556 125 ASVRDLPGLKTPLGRARAWLRLALMQKKMADYLRCLIIQRDLLSEFYEYHALMMEEEGAVIVGLLVGLNVIDANLC 200
Cdd:cd17696   81 ASVKDLPGLKTPVGRGRAWLRLALMQKKLSEYMKALINRKDLLSEFYEPNALMMEEEGAIIAGLLVGLNVIDANFC 156

FYVE domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein RUFY1, RUFY2 and similar proteins; This family includes RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein RUFY1 and RUFY2. RUFY1, also termed FYVE-finger protein EIP1, or La-binding protein 1, or Rab4-interacting protein (Rabip4), or Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 12 (ZFY12), a human homologue of mouse Rabip4, an effector of Rab4 GTPase that regulates recycling of endocytosed cargo. RUFY1 is an endosomal protein that functions as a dual effector of Rab4 and Rab14 and is involved in efficient recycling of transferrin (Tfn). It is a downstream effector of Etk, a downstream tyrosine kinase of PI3-kinase that is involved in regulation of vesicle trafficking. RUFY2, also termed Rab4-interacting protein related, is a novel embryonic factor that is present in the nucleus at early stages of embryonic development. It may have both endosomal functions in the cytoplasm and nuclear functions. Both RUFY1 and RUFY2 contain an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain with two coiled-coil domains in-between.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSCH 629
Cdd:cd15721    1 WADDKEVTHCQQCEKEFSLSRRKHHCRNCGGIFCNSCSDNTMPLPSSAKPVRVCDTCY 58

RUN domain; This domain is present in several proteins that are linked to the functions of GTPases in the Rap and Rab families. They could hence play important roles in multiple Ras-like GTPase signalling pathways. The domain is comprises six conserved regions, which in some proteins have considerable insertions between them. The domain core is thought to take up a predominantly alpha fold, with basic amino acids in regions A and D possibly playing a functional role in interactions with Ras GTPases.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556   80 QFFVVMEHCLKHGLKV------RKSFLSYNKTIWGPLELVEKLYPEAEEIGASVRDLPGLKT---PLGRARAWLRLALMQ 150
Cdd:pfam02759   1 QLCAALEALLSHGLKRssllilRAAGLLPERSFWALLERVGKLVPPAEELLSSVQELEQIHTpysPDGRGRAWIRLALNE 80

                          90       100       110       120       130
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 109240556  151 KKMADYLRCLIIQRDLLSEFYEYHALMMEEEGA-VIVGLLVGLNVIDANLCVKG 203
Cdd:pfam02759  81 KLLDQWLKLLLSNKELLSEYYEPWALLADPEFGeILLGLLVGLSALDFNLCLKL 134

FYVE domain found in early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1) and similar proteins; EEA1, also termed endosome-associated protein p162, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 2, is an essential component of the endosomal fusion machinery and required for the fusion and maturation of early endosomes in endocytosis. It forms a parallel coiled-coil homodimer in cells. EEA1 serves as the p97 ATPase substrate and the p97 ATPase may regulate the size of early endosomes by governing the oligomeric state of EEA1. It can interact with the GTP-bound form of Rab22a and be involved in endosomal membrane trafficking. EEA1 also functions as an obligate scaffold for angiotensin II-induced Akt activation in early endosomes. It can be phosphorylated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and further regulate mu opioid receptor endocytosis. EEA1 consists of an N-terminal C2H2 Zn2+ finger, four long heptad repeats, and a C-terminal region containing a calmodulin binding (IQ) motif, a Rab5 interaction site, and a FYVE domain. This model corresponds to the FYVE domain that is responsible for binding phosphatidyl inositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) on the membrane.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSCHALL 632
Cdd:cd15730    3 WADDEEVQNCMACGKGFSVTVRKHHCRQCGNIFCNECSSKTATTPSSKKPVRVCDACFDDL 63

RUN domain; RUN domain, named after RPIP8 (Rap2 interacting protein 8), UNC-14 and NESCA (new molecule containing SH3 at the carboxyl-terminus), is a less conserved protein motif that comprises six conserved regions, which in some proteins have considerable insertions between them. The domain core is thought to take up a predominantly alpha fold, with basic amino acids in regions A and D possibly playing a functional role in interactions with Ras GTPases. RUN domains are often found in proteins linked particularly to the functions of GTPases in the Rap and Rab families, suggesting the RUN domain may be involved in Rab-mediated membrane trafficking, possibly as a Rab-binding site. RUN domain-containing proteins could hence play important roles in multiple Ras-like GTPase signalling pathways.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  56 SIKGLIESAL-------SFGRTLDSDYPPLQQFFVVMEHCLKHGLKvRKSFLSYNKTIWGPLELVEKLYPEAEEIGA--S 126
Cdd:cd17671    2 AVKELLESFAdngeaddSAALTLTDDDPVVGRLCAALEAILSHGLK-PKRFGGGKVSFWDFLEALEKLLPAPSLKQAirD 80

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 109240556 127 VRDLPGLKTPLGRARAWLRLALMQKKMADYLRCLIIQRDLLSEFYEYHALMM-EEEGAVIVGLLVGLNVIDANL 199
Cdd:cd17671   81 INSLSNVKTDDGRGRAWIRLALNEKSLESYLAALLSDQSLLRKYYEPWALLRdPEEAELFLSLLVGLSSLDFNL 154

FYVE domain found in protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 1 (phafin-1), 2 (phafin-2), and similar proteins; This family includes protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 1 (phafin-1) and 2 (phafin-2). Phafin-1 is a representative of a novel family of PH and FYVE domain-containing proteins called phafins. It is a ubiquitously expressed pro-apoptotic protein via translocating to lysosomes, facilitating apoptosis induction through a lysosomal-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Phafin-2 is a ubiquitously expressed endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein that facilitates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-triggered cellular apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. It is an endosomal phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) effector, as well as an interactor of the endosomal-tethering protein EEA1. It regulates endosome fusion upstream of Rab5. Phafin-2 also functions as a novel regulator of endocytic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation through a role in endosomal fusion.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 109240556 571 VWLKDKEATHCKLCEK-EFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPS-SPKPVRVCDSCH 629
Cdd:cd15717    1 VWVPDSEAPVCMHCKKtKFTAINRRHHCRKCGAVVCGACSSKKFLLPHqSSKPLRVCDTCY 61

FYVE domain found in myotubularin-related protein 4 (MTMR4) and similar proteins; MTMR4, also termed FYVE domain-containing dual specificity protein phosphatase 2 (FYVE-DSP2), or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 11, is an dual specificity protein phosphatase that specifically dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P). It is localizes to early endosomes, as well as to Rab11- and Sec15-positive recycling endosomes, and regulates sorting from early endosomes. Moreover, MTMR4 is preferentially associated with and dephosphorylated the activated regulatory Smad proteins (R-Smads) in cytoplasm to keep transforming growth factor (TGF) beta signaling in homeostasis. It also functions as an essential negative modulator for the homeostasis of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/decapentaplegic (Dpp) signaling. In addition, MTMR4 acts as a novel interactor of the ubiquitin ligase Nedd4 (neural-precursor-cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4) and may play a role in the biological process of muscle breakdown. MTMR4 contains an N-terminal PH-GRAM (PH-G) domain, a MTM phosphatase domain, a coiled-coil region, and a C-terminal FYVE domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSP--KPVRVCDSCH 629
Cdd:cd15733    1 WVPDHAASHCFGCDCEFWLAKRKHHCRNCGNVFCADCSNYKLPIPDEQlyDPVRVCNSCY 60

FYVE domains found in zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (ZFYV1) and similar proteins; ZFYV1, also termed double FYVE-containing protein 1 (DFCP1), or SR3, or tandem FYVE fingers-1, is a novel tandem FYVE domain containing protein that binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) with high specificity over other phosphoinositides. The subcellular distribution of exogenously-expressed ZFYV1 to Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and vesicular is governed in part by its FYVE domains but unaffected by wortmannin, a PI3-kinase inhibitor. In addition to C-terminal tandem FYVE domain, ZFYV1 contains an N-terminal putative C2H2 type zinc finger and a possible nucleotide binding P-loop.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSS--PKPVRVCDSC 628
Cdd:cd15734    2 WVPDSEIKECSVCKRPFSPRLSKHHCRACGQGVCDDCSKNRRPVPSRgwDHPVRVCDPC 60

FYVE domain like superfamily; FYVE domain is a 60-80 residue double zinc finger motif-containing module named after the four proteins, Fab1, YOTB, Vac1, and EEA1. The canonical FYVE domains are distinguished from other zinc fingers by three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCRxCG patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif, which form a compact phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P, also termed PI3P)-binding site. They are found in many membrane trafficking regulators, including EEA1, Hrs, Vac1p, Vps27p, and FENS-1, which locate to early endosomes, specifically bind PtdIns3P, and play important roles in vesicular traffic and in signal transduction. Some proteins, such as rabphilin-3A and alpha-Rab3-interacting molecules (RIMs), are also involved in membrane trafficking and bind to members of the Rab subfamily of GTP hydrolases. However, they contain FYVE-related domains that are structurally similar to the canonical FYVE domains but lack the three signature sequences. At this point, they may not bind to phosphoinositides. In addition, this superfamily also contains the third group of proteins, caspase-associated ring proteins CARP1 and CARP2. They do not localize to membranes in the cell and are involved in the negative regulation of apoptosis, specifically targeting two initiator caspases, caspase 8 and caspase 10, which are distinguished from other FYVE-type proteins. Moreover, these proteins have an altered sequence in the basic ligand binding patch and lack the WxxD motif that is conserved only in phosphoinositide binding FYVE domains. Thus they constitute a family of unique FYVE-type domains called FYVE-like domains. The FYVE domain is structurally similar to the RING domain and the PHD finger. This superfamily also includes ADDz zinc finger domain, which is a PHD-like zinc finger motif that contains two parts, a C2-C2 and a PHD-like zinc finger.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 109240556 580 HCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPS--SPKPVRVCDSCH 629
Cdd:cd00065    1 RCMLCGKKFSLFRRRHHCRRCGRVFCSKCSSKKLPLPSfgSGKPVRVCDSCY 52

FYVE domain found in zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 21 (ZF21) and similar proteins; ZF21 is phosphoinositide-binding protein that functions as a regulator of focal adhesions and cell movement through interaction with focal adhesion kinase. It can also bind to the cytoplasmic tail of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase, a potent invasion-promoting protease, and play a key role in regulating multiple aspects of cancer cell migration and invasion. ZF21 contains a FYVE domain, which corresponds to this model.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556 571 VWLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLP--SSPKPVRVCDSC 628
Cdd:cd15727    3 PWVPDKECPVCMSCKKKFDFFKRRHHCRRCGKCFCSDCCSNKVPLPrmCFVDPVRVCNEC 62

FYVE domain found in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (Hrs) and similar proteins; Hrs, also termed protein pp110, is a tyrosine phosphorylated protein that plays an important role in the signaling pathway of HGF. It is localized to early endosomes and an essential component of the endosomal sorting and trafficking machinery. Hrs interacts with hypertonia-associated protein Trak1, a novel regulator of endosome-to-lysosome trafficking. It can also forms an Hrs/actinin-4/BERP/myosin V protein complex that is required for efficient transferrin receptor (TfR) recycling but not for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. Moreover, Hrs, together with STAM proteins, STAM1 and STAM2, and EPs15, forms a multivalent ubiquitin-binding complex that sorts ubiquitinated proteins into the multivesicular body pathway, and plays a regulatory role in endocytosis/exocytosis. Furthermore, Hrs functions as an interactor of the neurofibromatosis 2 tumor suppressor protein schwannomin/merlin. It is also involved in the inhibition of citron kinase-mediated HIV-1 budding. Hrs contains a single ubiquitin-interacting motif (UIM) that is crucial for its function in receptor sorting, and a FYVE domain that harbors double Zn2+ binding sites.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 109240556 576 KEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSS--PKPVRVCDSCHALL 632
Cdd:cd15720    3 KDGDECHRCRVQFGVFQRKHHCRACGQVFCGKCSSKSSTIPKFgiEKEVRVCDPCYEKL 61

FYVE domain found in FYVE and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1 (FYCO1) and similar proteins; FYCO1, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 7, is a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding protein that is associated with the exterior of autophagosomes and mediates microtubule plus-end-directed vesicle transport. It acts as an effector of GTP-bound Rab7, a GTPase that recruits FYCO1 to autophagosomes and has been implicated in autophagosome-lysosomal fusion. FYCO1 also interacts with two microtubule motor proteins, kinesin (KIF) 5B and KIF23, and thus functions as a platform for assembly of vesicle fusion and trafficking factors. FYCO1 contains an N-terminal alpha-helical RUN domain followed by a long central coiled-coil region, a FYVE domain and a GOLD (Golgi dynamics) domain in C-terminus.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSC 628
Cdd:cd15726    1 WQDDTDVTHCLDCKSEFSWMVRRHHCRLCGRIFCYACSNFYVLTAHGGKKERCCKAC 57

RUN domain found in RUN domain-containing protein 3A (RUNDC3A) and similar proteins; RUN domain-containing protein 3A (RUNDC3A), also called Rap2-interacting protein 8 (RPIP8), may act as an effector of Rap2A GTPase in neuronal cells. It contains a RUN domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556  48 NLLNMAKLSIKGLIESALSfgRTLDSDYPPLQQFFVVMEHCLKHGLKVRKSFLSYN--KTIWGPLELVEKLYPEaeEIGA 125
Cdd:cd17699    1 NLITVCRFSVKTLLEKYTA--EPIDDSSEEFVNFAAILEQILSHRFKGPVSWFSSDgqRGFWDYIRLACSKVPN--NCIS 76

                         90       100       110       120       130       140       150
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 109240556 126 SVRDLPGLKTPLGRARAWLRLALMQKKMADYLRCLIIQRDLLSEFYEYHALMMEEEGAVIVGLLVGLNVIDANLC 200
Cdd:cd17699   77 SIENMENISTSRAKGRAWIRVALMEKRLSEYIATALRDTRTTRRFYDDGAIMLREESTVLTGMLIGLSAIDFSFC 151

FYVE domain found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 27 (spVps27p) and similar proteins; spVps27p, also termed suppressor of ste12 deletion protein 4 (Sst4p), is a conserved homolog of budding Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vps27 and of mammalian Hrs. It functions as a downstream factor for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns 3-kinase) in forespore membrane formation with normal morphology. It colocalizes and interacts with Hse1p, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hse1p and of mammalian STAM, to form a complex whose ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs) are important for sporulation. spVps27p contains a VHS (Vps27p/Hrs/Stam) domain, a FYVE domain, and two UIMs.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 109240556 581 CKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLP--SSPKPVRVCDSCH 629
Cdd:cd15735    9 CMRCRTAFTFTNRKHHCRNCGGVFCQQCSSKSLPLPhfGINQPVRVCDGCY 59

FYVE domain found in endofin and similar proteins; Endofin, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 (ZFY16), or endosome-associated FYVE domain protein, is a FYVE domain-containing protein that is localized to EEA1-containing endosomes. It is regulated by phosphoinositol lipid and engaged in endosome-mediated receptor modulation. Endofin is involved in Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling through interacting with Smad1 preferentially and enhancing Smad1 phosphorylation and nuclear localization upon BMP stimulation. It also functions as a scaffold protein that brings Smad4 to the proximity of the receptor complex in Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling. Moreover, endofin is a novel tyrosine phosphorylation target downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in EGF-signaling. In addition, endofin plays a role in endosomal trafficking by recruiting cytosolic TOM1, an important molecule for membrane recruitment of clathrin, onto endosomal membranes.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 109240556 571 VWLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLP-SSPKPVRVCDSCHALL 632
Cdd:cd15729    6 VWVPDSEAPNCMQCEVKFTFTKRRHHCRACGKVLCSACCSLKARLEyLDNKEARVCVPCYQTL 68

FYVE domain found in metazoan PIKfyve, fungal and plant Fab1, and similar proteins; PIKfyve, also termed FYVE finger-containing phosphoinositide kinase, or 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase, or phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K3), or phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase type III (PIPkin-III or type III PIP kinase), is a phosphoinositide 5-kinase that forms a complex with its regulators, the scaffolding protein Vac14 and the lipid phosphatase Fig4. The complex is responsible for synthesizing phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(3,5)P2] from phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P). Then phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) is generated directly from PtdIns(3,5)P2. PtdIns(3,5)P2 and PtdIns5P regulate endosomal trafficking and responses to extracellular stimuli. At this point, PIKfyve is vital in early embryonic development. Moreover, PIKfyve forms a complex with ArPIKfyve (associated regulator of PIKfyve) and SAC3 at the endomembranes, which plays a role in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) degradation. The phosphorylation of PIKfyve by AKT can facilitate Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) degradation. In addition, PIKfyve may participate in the regulation of the glutamate transporters EAAT2, EAAT3 and EAAT4, and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). It is also essential for systemic glucose homeostasis and insulin-regulated glucose uptake/GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle. It can be activated by protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and further up-regulates human ether-a-go-go (hERG) channels. This family also includes the yeast and plant orthologs of human PIKfyve, Fab1. PIKfyve and its orthologs share a similar architecture. They contain an N-terminal FYVE domain, a middle region related to the CCT/TCP-1/Cpn60 chaperonins that are involved in productive folding of actin and tubulin, a second middle domain that contains a number of conserved cysteine residues (CCR) unique to this family, and a C-terminal lipid kinase domain related to PtdInsP kinases.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSSPKP--VRVCDSCH 629
Cdd:cd15725    2 WMPDSSCKECYECSEKFTTFRRRHHCRLCGQIFCSRCCNQEIPGKFIGYPgdLRVCTYCC 61

FYVE domain found in ankyrin repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein 1 (ANFY1) and similar proteins; ANFY1, also termed ankyrin repeats hooked to a zinc finger motif (Ankhzn), is a novel cytoplasmic protein that belongs to a new group of double zinc finger proteins involved in vesicle or protein transport. It is ubiquitously expressed in a spatiotemporal-specific manner and is located on endosomes. ANFY1 contains an N-terminal coiled-coil region and a BTB/POZ domain, ankyrin repeats in the middle, and a C-terminal FYVE domain.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 109240556 577 EATHCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSS--PKPVRVCDSCHALL 632
Cdd:cd15728    6 DGDYCYECGVKFGITTRKHHCRHCGRLLCSKCSTKEVPIIKFdlNKPVRVCDVCFDVL 63

FYVE domain found in FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein facio-genital dysplasia FGD1, FGD2, FGD4; This family represents a group of Rho GTPase cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42)-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), including FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein FGD1, FGD2 and FGD4. FGD1, also termed faciogenital dysplasia 1 protein, or Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor FGD1 (Rho/Rac GEF), or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 3, is a central regulator of extracellular matrix remodeling and belongs to the DBL family of GEFs that regulate the activation of the Rho GTPases. FGD1 is encoded by gene FGD1. Disabling mutations in the FGD1 gene cause the human X-linked developmental disorder faciogenital dysplasia (FGDY, also known as Aarskog-Scott syndrome). FGD2, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 4, is expressed in antigen-presenting cells, including B lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It localizes to early endosomes and active membrane ruffles. It plays a role in leukocyte signaling and vesicle trafficking in cells specialized to present antigen in the immune system. FGD4, also termed actin filament-binding protein frabin, or FGD1-related F-actin-binding protein, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 6, functions as an F-actin-binding (FAB) protein showing significant homology to FGD1. It induces the formation of filopodia through the activation of Cdc42 in fibroblasts. Those FGD proteins possess a similar domain organization that contains a DBL homology (DH) domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a FYVE domain, and another PH domain in the C-terminus. However, each FGD has a unique N-terminal region that may directly or indirectly interact with F-actin. FGD1 and FGD4 have an N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) and an N-terminal F-actin binding (FAB) domain, respectively. This model corresponds to the FYVE domain, which has been found in many proteins involved in membrane trafficking and phosphoinositide metabolism, and has been defined by three signature sequences: an N-terminal WxxD motif (x for any residue), the central basic R(R/K)HHCR patch, and a C-terminal RVC motif, which form a compact phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P)-binding site. FGD1 possesses a FYVE-like domain that lack the N-terminal WxxD motif. Moreover, FGD2 is the only known RhoGEF family member shown to have a functional FYVE domain and endosomal binding activity.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKEF-SLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLP-SSPKPVRVCDSCHALL 632
Cdd:cd15741    3 WVRDNEVTMCMRCKEPFnALTRRRHHCRACGYVVCWKCSDYKATLEyDGNKLNRVCKHCYVIL 65

FYVE domain found in protein containing both PH and FYVE domains 1 (phafin-1) and similar proteins; Phafin-1, also termed lysosome-associated apoptosis-inducing protein containing PH (pleckstrin homology) and FYVE domains (LAPF), or pleckstrin homology domain-containing family F member 1 (PKHF1), or PH domain-containing family F member 1, or apoptosis-inducing protein, or PH and FYVE domain-containing protein 1, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 15, is a representative of a novel family of PH and FYVE domain-containing proteins called phafins. It is a ubiquitously expressed pro-apoptotic protein via translocating to lysosomes, facilitating apoptosis induction through a lysosomal-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLC-EKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPS-SPKPVRVCDSCHALL 632
Cdd:cd15754    2 WIPDKATDICMRCtQTNFSLLTRRHHCRKCGFVVCHECSRQRFLIPRlSPKPVRVCSLCYRKL 64

FYVE domain found in FYVE domain-containing protein 26 (ZFY26 or ZFYVE26); ZFY26, also termed FYVE domain-containing centrosomal protein (FYVE-CENT), or spastizin, is a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) binding protein that localizes to the centrosome and midbody. ZFY26 and its interacting partners TTC19 and KIF13A are required for cytokinesis. It also interacts with Beclin 1, a subunit of class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, and may have potential implications for carcinogenesis. In addition, it has been considered as the causal agent of a rare form of hereditary spastic paraplegia. ZFY26 contains a FYVE domain that is important for targeting of FYVE-CENT to the midbody.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 109240556 572 WLKDKEATHCKLCEKE-FSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPS-SPKPVRVCDSCHA 630
Cdd:cd15724    1 WVPDEAVSVCMVCQVErFSMFNRRHHCRRCGRVVCSSCSTKKMLVEGyRENPVRVCDQCYE 61

FYVE-related domain found in RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 4 (RUFY4) and similar proteins; RUFY4 belongs to the FUFY protein family which is characterized by the presence of an N-terminal RUN domain and a C-terminal FYVE domain. The FYVE domain of RUFY4 resembles the FYVE-related domain as it lacks the WxxD motif (x for any residue). The biological function of RUFY4 still remains unclear.

                         10        20        30        40        50
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 109240556 580 HCKLCEKEFSLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACS--DNELPLPSSPKPVRVCDSC 628
Cdd:cd15745    1 ACAICAKAFSLFRRKYVCRLCGGVVCHSCSseDLVLSVPDTCIYLRVCKTC 51

FYVE domain found in WD40 repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein WDFY1 and WDFY2, and similar proteins; This family includes WD40 repeat and FYVE domain-containing protein WDFY1 and WDFY2. WDFY1, also termed FYVE domain containing protein localized to endosomes-1 (FENS-1), or phosphoinositide-binding protein 1, or zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 17, is a novel single FYVE domain containing protein that binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) with high specificity over other phosphoinositides. WDFY1 to early endosomes requires an intact FYVE domain and is inhibited by wortmannin, a PI3-kinase inhibitor. WDFY2, also termed zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 22, or ProF (propeller-FYVE protein), is a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P or PI3P) binding protein that is localized to a distinct subset of early endosomes close to the plasma membrane. It interacts preferentially with endogenous serine/threonine kinase Akt2, but not Akt1, and plays a specific role in modulating signaling through Akt downstream of the interaction of this kinase with the endosomal proteins APPL (adaptor protein containing PH domain, PTB domain, and leucine zipper motif). In addition to Akt, WDFY2 serves as a binding partner for protein kinase C, zeta (PRKCZ), and its substrate vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2), and is involved in vesicle cycling in various secretory pathways. Moreover, Silencing of WDFY2 by siRNA produces a strong inhibition of endocytosis. Both WDFY1 and WDFY2 contain a FYVE domain and multiple WD-40 repeats.

                         10        20        30        40        50        60
                 ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 109240556 576 KEATHCKLCEKEF-----------SLSKRKHHCRNCGEIFCNACSDNELPLPSS--PKPVRVCDSCH 629
Cdd:cd15718    4 AESDNCQKCSRPFfwnfkqmwekkTLGVRQHHCRKCGKAVCDKCSSNRSTIPVMgfEFPVRVCNECY 70