EF-hand, calcium binding motif; A diverse superfamily of calcium sensors and calcium signal modulators; most examples in this alignment model have 2 active canonical EF hands. Ca2+ binding induces a conformational change in the EF-hand motif, leading to the activation or inactivation of target proteins. EF-hands tend to occur in pairs or higher copy numbers.

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1046897055  59 RVFDKEGNGTVMGAEIRHVLVTLGEKMTEEEV-EMLVAGHEDSNGCINYEELVRMV 113
Cdd:cd00051     7 RLFDKDGDGTISADELKAALKSLGEGLSEEEIdEMIREVDKDGDGKIDFEEFLELM 62

centrin; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1046897055   1 MRALGQNPTNAEVLKVLGNPKSDemNVKVLDFEHFLPMLQTVAKNKDqgTYEDYVEGLRVFDKEGNGTVMGAEIRHVLVT 80
Cdd:PTZ00183   43 MRSLGFEPKKEEIKQMIADVDKD--GSGKIDFEEFLDIMTKKLGERD--PREEILKAFRLFDDDKTGKISLKNLKRVAKE 118

                          90       100       110
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1046897055  81 LGEKMTEEEV-EMLVAGHEDSNGCINYEELVRMVLN 115
Cdd:PTZ00183  119 LGETITDEELqEMIDEADRNGDGEISEEEFYRIMKK 154

EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in parvalbumin-like EF-hand family; The family includes alpha- and beta-parvalbumins, and a group of uncharacterized calglandulin-like proteins. Parvalbumins are small, acidic, cytosolic EF-hand-containing Ca2+-buffer and Ca2+ transporter/shuttle proteins belonging to EF-hand superfamily. They are expressed by vertebrates in fast-twitch muscle cells, specific neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system, sensory cells of the mammalian auditory organ (Corti's cell), and some other cells, and characterized by the presence of three consecutive EF-hand motifs (helix-loop-helix) called AB, CD, and EF, but only CD and EF can chelate metal ions, such as Ca2+ and Mg2+. Thus, they may play an additional role in Mg2+ handling. Moreover, parvalbumins represent one of the major animal allergens. In metal-bound states, parvalbumins possess a rigid and stable tertiary structure and display strong allergenicity. In contrast, the metal-free parvalbumins are intrinsically disordered, and the loss of metal ions results in a conformational change that decreases their IgE binding capacity. Furthermore, parvalbumins have been widely used as a neuronal marker for a variety of functional brain systems. They also function as a Ca2+ shuttle transporting Ca2+ from troponin-C (TnC) to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ pump during muscle relaxation. Thus they may facilitate myocardial relaxation and play important roles in cardiac diastolic dysfunction. Parvalbumins consists of alpha- and beta- sublineages, which can be distinguished on the basis of isoelectric point (pI > 5 for alpha; pI

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1046897055  46 KDQGTYEDYVEGLRVFDKEGNGTVMGAEIRHVLVTL---GEKMTEEEVEMLV-AGHEDSNGCINYEELVRMV 113
Cdd:cd16251    28 LKQKSEDQIKKVFQILDKDKSGFIEEEELKYILKGFsiaGRDLTDEETKALLaAGDTDGDGKIGVEEFATLV 99

EF-hand, calcium binding motif, found in uncharacterized calglandulin-like proteins; The family corresponds to a group of uncharacterized calglandulin-like proteins. Although their biological function remain unclear, they show high sequence similarity with human calglandulin-like protein GAGLP, which is an ortholog of calglandulin from the venom glands of Bothrops insularis snake. Both GAGLP and calglandulin are putative Ca2+-binding proteins with four EF-hand motifs. However, members in this family contain only three EF-hand motifs. In this point, they may belong to the parvalbumin-like EF-hand family, which is characterized by the presence of three consecutive EF-hand motifs (helix-loop-helix).

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                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1046897055  29 VLDFEHFLPMLQTVAKNKDQGtyEDYVEGLRVFDKEGNGTVMGAEIRHVLVTLGEKM-----TEEEVE-MLVAGHEDSNG 102
Cdd:cd16252    16 SFNYSKFFEYMQKFQTSEQQE--EAIRKAFQMLDKDKSGFIEWNEIKYILSTVPSSMpvaplSDEEAEaMIQAADTDGDG 93

                          90
                  ....*....|.
gi 1046897055 103 CINYEELVRMV 113
Cdd:cd16252    94 RIDFQEFSDMV 104