BioSample Antibiograms
Providing antibiogram data
As part of a multi-agency collaboration, NCBI is collecting antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance data derived from drug resistant pathogens. This information is submitted as an antibiogram table on BioSample records. Submission of antibiogram data is not required, but highly encouraged if you have this information available.
See example of a BioSample with an antibiogram table.
Antibiogram data can be submitted in two ways:
- Through the BioSample Submission Portal as part of a Pathogen package batch submission. Antibiogram data are submitted on the ‘Attributes’ tab.
- If the BioSamples have already been created, please email corresponding antibiogram data to [email protected] and curators will update the records.
Download antibiogram template.
Antibiogram data are subject to content validation, including antibiotic names (see below). If the error reports are not clear, please write to [email protected] for assistance.
Mandatory Fields
- Sample name/Accession
- Antibiotic
- Resistance phenotype
- Measurement sign
- Measurement
- Measurement unit
- Laboratory typing method
- Testing standard
Provide either the 'sample name' you assigned to your BioSample, or the BioSample accession number.
The complete list of recognized antibiotics is provided at the foot of this page.
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| high level aminoglycoside resistance | HLAR |
| intermediate | I |
| nonsusceptible | NS |
| not defined | N, ND |
| resistant | R |
| susceptible | S, sensitive |
| susceptible-dose dependent | SSD |
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| < | less than |
| <= | less than or equal to |
| == | =, equal to |
| > | greater than |
| >= | greater than or equal to |
Antibiotic concentration measurement.
The measurement for a simple antibiotic should be a number.
The measurement for a combined antibiotic should be in format number1/number2.
The valid range for unit 'mg/L' is a positive number up to 1024; the valid range for unit 'mm' is between 6 and 150.
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| mg/L | microgram/milliliter, microgram/millilitre, micrograms/milliliter, micrograms/millilitre |
| mm | millimeter, millimeters |
The measurement units should be appropriate for selected lab typing method.
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| MIC | broth dilution, broth microdilution, frozen broth microdilution, macrodilution, microbroth dilution, microdilution, minimal inhibitory concentration |
| agar dilution | |
| disk diffusion | |
| missing |
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| BSAC | |
| CLSI | |
| DIN | |
| EUCAST | |
| NARMS | |
| NCCLS | |
| SFM | |
| SIR | |
| WRG | |
| missing |
Optional Fields
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| Microscan | |
| Phoenix | |
| Sensititre | |
| Vitek |
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| Becton Dickinson | |
| Biomérieux | Biom?rieux, Biomerieux, BiomŽrieux |
| Siemens | |
| Trek |
| Name | Synonym |
|---|---|
| 96-Well Plate | |
| E-Test | |
| GM-NEG |
All recognized antibiotics
You can also get the Antibiotics table in text format.
| Name | Synonym | Combination |
|---|---|---|
| G418 | ||
| GE2270A | ||
| GE37468 | ||
| Imipenem-EDTA-PA | ||
| L-681,217 | ||
| SB22484 | ||
| UK-69,753 | ||
| acridine dye | ||
| acriflavin | ||
| actinomycin | ||
| actinomycin D | ||
| amikacin | AMK | |
| amoxicillin | AMX | |
| amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | AMC, augmentin | yes |
| amphotericin B | ||
| ampicillin | AMP | |
| ampicillin-sulbactam | SAM | yes |
| amythiamicin A | ||
| anidulafungin | ||
| antibiotic A40926 | ||
| antibiotic A47934 | ||
| apramycin | ||
| arbekacin | ||
| arsphenamine | ||
| arylomycin | ||
| astromicin | ||
| aurodox | ||
| avilamycin | ||
| avoparcin | ||
| azamulin | ||
| azdimycin | ||
| azidamfenicol | ||
| azithromycin | AZM | |
| azlocillin | AZL | |
| aztreonam | ATM | |
| bacitracin | ||
| bacitracin A | ||
| bacitracin B | ||
| bacitracin F | ||
| balhimycin | ||
| bedaquiline | ||
| benzylpenicillin | ||
| bicyclomycin | ||
| bleomycin | ||
| bleomycin A2 | ||
| bleomycin B2 | ||
| bleomycinic acid | ||
| brodimoprim | ||
| butirosin | ||
| capreomycin | ||
| carbenicillin | CAR | |
| carbomycin | ||
| caspofungin | ||
| cefaclor | CEC | |
| cefadroxil | CFR | |
| cefalexin | ||
| cefalotin | ||
| cefamandole | FAM | |
| cefazolin | CFZ | |
| cefdinir | CDR | |
| cefditoren | CDN | |
| cefepime | FEP | |
| cefetamet | FET | |
| cefiderocol | ||
| cefixime | CFM | |
| cefmetazole | CMZ | |
| cefonicid | CID | |
| cefoperazone | CFP | |
| cefotaxime | CTX | |
| cefotaxime-clavulanic acid | yes | |
| cefotetan | CTT | |
| cefotiam | ||
| cefovecin | ||
| cefoxitin | FOX | |
| cefpirome | ||
| cefpodoxime | CPD | |
| cefpodoxime-proxetil | ||
| cefprozil | CPR | |
| ceftaroline | ||
| ceftazidime | CAZ | |
| ceftazidime-avibactam | yes | |
| ceftazidime-clavulanic acid | yes | |
| ceftibuten | CTB | |
| ceftiofur | ||
| ceftizoxime | ZOX | |
| ceftobiprole | ||
| ceftolozane-tazobactam | yes | |
| ceftriaxone | CRO | |
| cefuroxime | CXM | |
| celesticetin | ||
| cephalexin | LEX | |
| cephalothin | CEF | |
| cephamycin | ||
| cephapirin | HAP | |
| cephem | ||
| cephradine | RAD | |
| chalcomycin | ||
| chloramphenicol | CHL | |
| chloroeremomycin | ||
| chlortetracycline | ||
| cinoxacin | CIN | |
| ciprofloxacin | CIP | |
| clarithromycin | CLR | |
| clavulanic acid | CLA | |
| clinafloxacin | CLX | |
| clindamycin | CLI | |
| clofazimine | ||
| clorobiocin | ||
| cloxacillin | ||
| colistin | CST | |
| colistin A | ||
| colistin B | ||
| coumermycin A1 | ||
| cyclic thiazolyl peptide elfamycin | ||
| cycloserine | ||
| dalbavancin | ||
| dalfopristin | ||
| danofloxacin | ||
| daptomycin | DAP | |
| defensin | ||
| delafloxacin | ||
| demeclocycline | ||
| diaminopyrimidine | ||
| dibekacin | ||
| dicloxacillin | DCX | |
| dihydromocimycin | ||
| dirithromycin | DTM | |
| doripenem | DOR | |
| doxycycline | DOX | |
| edeine | ||
| edeine A | ||
| edeine B | ||
| edeine D | ||
| edeine F | ||
| efrotomycin | ||
| elfamycin | ||
| enacyloxin IIa | ||
| enoxacin | ENX | |
| enrofloxacin | ||
| eravacycline | ||
| ertapenem | ERT | |
| erythromycin | ERY | |
| ethambutol | ||
| ethionamide | ||
| factumycin | ||
| fidaxomicin | ||
| fleroxacin | FLE | |
| flomoxef | ||
| florfenicol | ||
| flucloxacillin | ||
| fluconazole | ||
| flucytosine | ||
| fluoroquinolone | ||
| fosfomycin | FOF | |
| fosfomycin-glucose-6-phosphate | ||
| fosmidomycin | ||
| furazolidone | ||
| fusidic acid | ||
| gamithromycin | ||
| ganefromycin | ||
| gatifloxacin | GAT | |
| gentamicin | GEN | |
| gentamicin B | ||
| gentamicin C | ||
| glycylcycline | ||
| gramicidin | ||
| gramicidin A | ||
| gramicidin B | ||
| gramicidin C | ||
| gramicidin D | ||
| gramicidin S | ||
| grepafloxacin | GRX | |
| griseoviridin | ||
| heneicomycin | ||
| hygromycin B | ||
| iclaprim | ||
| imipenem | IPM | |
| imipenem-relebactam | yes | |
| isavuconazole | ||
| isepamicin | ||
| isoniazid | ||
| isopenicillin N | ||
| itraconazole | ||
| josamycin | ||
| kanamycin | KAN | |
| kanamycin A | ||
| kasugamicin | ||
| kirromycin | ||
| kirrothricin | ||
| kitasamycin | ||
| levofloxacin | LVX | |
| lincomycin | ||
| lincosamide | ||
| linezolid | LZD | |
| lipopeptide antibiotic | ||
| lividomycin | ||
| lividomycin A | ||
| lividomycin B | ||
| lomefloxacin | LOM | |
| loracarbef | LOR | |
| madumycin II | ||
| mafenide | ||
| magainin | ||
| marbofloxacin | ||
| mecillinam | ||
| megalomycin | ||
| meropenem | MEM | |
| meropenem-vaborbactam | yes | |
| methicillin | MET, meticillin | |
| methymycin | ||
| metronidazole | ||
| mezlocillin | MEZ | |
| micafungin | ||
| midecamycin | ||
| minocycline | MIN | |
| moenomycin | ||
| moenomycin A1 | ||
| moxalactam | MOX | |
| moxifloxacin | MXF | |
| mupirocin | ||
| mycinamicin | ||
| nafcillin | NAF | |
| nalidixic acid | NAL | |
| narbomycin | ||
| neomycin | ||
| netilmicin | NET | |
| nicotinamide | ||
| niddamycin | ||
| nitrofurantoin | NIT | |
| norfloxacin | NOR | |
| novobiocin | ||
| ofloxacin | OFX | |
| oleandomycin | ||
| omadacycline | ||
| orbifloxacin | ||
| oritavancin | ||
| ostreogrycin B3 | ||
| oxacillin | OXA | |
| oxytetracycline | ||
| para-aminosalicylic acid | ||
| paromomycin | ||
| patricin A | ||
| patricin B | ||
| pefloxacin | ||
| penam | ||
| penicillin | PEN | |
| penicillin N | ||
| phenelfamycin A | ||
| phenelfamycin B | ||
| phenelfamycin C | ||
| phenelfamycin D | ||
| phenelfamycin E | ||
| phenelfamycin F | ||
| phenelfamycin G | ||
| phenelfamycin H | ||
| phenicol | ||
| phenoxymethylpenicillin | ||
| pikromycin | ||
| piperacillin | PIP | |
| piperacillin-sulbactam | yes | |
| piperacillin-tazobactam | TZP | yes |
| plazomicin | ||
| pleuromutilin | ||
| polymyxin | ||
| polymyxin B | PMB | |
| polymyxin B1 | ||
| polymyxin B2 | ||
| polymyxin B3 | ||
| polymyxin B4 | ||
| posaconazole | ||
| pradofloxacin | ||
| pristinamycin IA | ||
| pristinamycin IB | ||
| pristinamycin IIA | ||
| propicillin | ||
| prothionamide | ||
| pulvomycin | ||
| puromycin | ||
| pyrazinamide | ||
| quinupristin | ||
| quinupristin-dalfopristin | Q-D | |
| retapamulin | ||
| ribostamycin | ||
| rifabutin | RFB | |
| rifampin | RIF, rifaldazine, rifampicin | |
| rifamycin | ||
| rifapentine | RFP | |
| rifaximin | ||
| ristocetin | ||
| rosaramicin | ||
| roxithromycin | ||
| sisomicin | ||
| sparfloxacin | SPX | |
| spectinomycin | SPT | |
| spiramycin | ||
| streptogramin | ||
| streptogramin A antibiotic | ||
| streptogramin B antibiotic | ||
| streptomycin | STR | |
| streptothricin | ||
| sulbactam | SUL | |
| sulfacetamide | ||
| sulfadiazine | ||
| sulfadimethoxine | sulphadimethoxine | |
| sulfadimidine | ||
| sulfadoxine | ||
| sulfamethizole | ||
| sulfamethoxazole | ||
| sulfasalazine | ||
| sulfisoxazole | ||
| sulfonamide | ||
| sulphathiazole | ||
| surotomycin | ||
| synercid | ||
| tazobactam | TZB | |
| tedizolid | ||
| teicoplanin | TEC | |
| telavancin | ||
| telithromycin | TEL | |
| temocillin | ||
| tetracycline | TET | |
| tetroxoprim | ||
| thiamphenicol | ||
| thiostrepton | ||
| tiamulin | ||
| ticarcillin | TIC | |
| ticarcillin-clavulanic acid | TIM | yes |
| tigecycline | TGC | |
| tildipirosin | ||
| tilmicosin | ||
| timentin | ||
| tinidazole | ||
| tobramycin | TOB | |
| triclosan | ||
| trimethoprim | TMP | |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | SXT, co-trimoxazole, cotrimoxazole | yes |
| trovafloxacin | TVA | |
| tuberactinomycin | ||
| tulathromycin | ||
| tunicamycin | ||
| tylosin | ||
| tyrothricin | ||
| unphenelfamycin | ||
| valnemulin | ||
| vancomycin | VAN | |
| verdamicin | ||
| vernamycin B-gamma | ||
| vernamycin C | ||
| vertilimicin | ||
| viomycin | ||
| virginiamycin S2 | ||
| voriconazole | ||
| zoliflodacin |