Growth of Genome-Wide Association Studies Across Ancestries and Discovery of Loci Over Time.

The pie charts represent type 2 diabetes GWAS, as specified by the U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute–European Bioinformatics Institute (NHGRI–EBI) GWAS catalogue, as well as additional candidate gene or sequencing studies of note. The x-axis shows the year of publication, whereas the y-axis shows discovery sample size. The inner circles are scaled in proportion to discovery sample size, whereas the outer circles are scaled in proportion to total (discovery + replication) sample size. PubMed identifiers for each study are shown at the base of the figure and are connected to the corresponding circle with a dotted line. Selected type 2 diabetes loci are listed directly above the first reporting study. In the bar chart, significant loci are defined as a p-value of 5x10^-8, and totals are based on the accumulation of loci that were defined as distinct based on the publications noted in the plot at the end of the calendar year; at the end of 2022, 534 type 2 diabetes distinct intervals (520 autosomes, 14 X-chromosome) were defined. GWAS, genome-wide association study.

SOURCE: Original figure constructed by B. F. Voight