Scatterplot showing that insulin-related variants present stronger associations with type 2 diabetes risk, regardless of chromosome variant location.

FIGURE 7.

Type 2 Diabetes Loci Can Be Grouped Into Clusters That Appear to Capture Mechanisms of Disease.

GWAS signals for type 2 diabetes are illustrated in a Manhattan plot, using 500,000 random variants (38) graphed according to their chromosomal location on the x-axis and the inverse log p-value for association with type 2 diabetes on the y-axis. Each point indicates a SNP capturing an independent GWAS locus used in clustering by Udler et al. (143). The clusters or “endophenotypes” represent intermediate processes leading to hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes. GWAS, genome-wide association study; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism.

SOURCE: Original figure constructed by R. J. Kreienkamp and M. S. Udler, using BioRender.com

From: Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes

Cover of Diabetes in America
Diabetes in America [Internet].
Lawrence JM, Casagrande SS, Herman WH, et al., editors.
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