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Guideline: Intermittent Iron Supplementation in Preschool and School-Age Children. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.

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  • This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

This publication is provided for historical reference only and the information may be out of date.

Cover of Guideline: Intermittent Iron Supplementation in Preschool and School-Age Children

Guideline: Intermittent Iron Supplementation in Preschool and School-Age Children.

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Annex 5Questions in Population, Intervention, Control, Outcomes (PICO) format

1Effects and safety of iron supplementation in children 24–59 months of age

  1. Should iron supplements be given to children 24–59 months of age to improve health outcomes?
  2. If so, at what dose, frequency and duration of the intervention, and in which settings?
Population:Children 24–59 months of age
  • Subpopulation:
Critical
  • By previous exposure to iron: infants who regularly received an iron supplement within the first 23 months of life versus no iron
  • By malaria (no transmission or elimination achieved, susceptibility to epidemic malaria, year-round transmission with marked seasonal fluctuations, year-round transmission with consideration of Plasmodium falciparum and/or Plasmodium vivax)
  • By use of concurrent antimalarial measures introduced in the study: yes versus no
  • By antimalarial measures implemented by the health system: yes versus no
  • By anaemia status of population: more than 40% versus 40% or less
Intervention:Iron supplementation
  • Subgroup analysis:
Critical
  • By dose: 2 mg/kg/day versus other
  • By frequency: daily versus weekly versus flexible
  • By duration: 3 months or less versus more than 3 months
  • By nutrient: in combination with other micronutrients or not
  • By targeting: universal versus prescribed
Control:
  • No iron supplementation
  • Placebo
  • Same supplement without iron
Outcomes:Critical
  • Anaemia
  • Iron deficiency anaemia
  • Iron deficiency
  • Morbidity
    –

    Malaria incidence and severity (parasitaemia with or without symptoms)

  • Growth measures: underweight, stunting status, head circumference
  • Mortality
    –

    All-cause

    –

    Malaria

Setting:All countries

2Effects and safety of iron supplementation in children 60 months of age and older

  1. Should iron supplements be given to children 60 months of age and older to improve health outcomes?
  2. If so, at what dose, frequency and duration of the intervention, and in which settings?
Population:Children 60 months of age and older
  • Subpopulation:
Critical
  • By previous exposure to iron: children who regularly received an iron supplement within the first 59 months of life versus no iron
  • By malaria (no transmission or elimination achieved, susceptibility to epidemic malaria, year-round transmission with marked seasonal fluctuations, year-round transmission with consideration of Plasmodium falciparum and/or Plasmodium vivax)
  • By use of concurrent antimalarial measures introduced in the study: yes versus no
  • By antimalarial measures implemented by the health system: yes versus no
  • By anaemia status of population: more than 40% versus 40% or less
  • By individual's status of anaemia: anaemic versus non-anaemic
Intervention:Iron supplementation
  • Subgroup analysis:
Critical
  • By dose: 2 mg/kg/day versus other
  • By frequency: daily versus weekly versus flexible
  • By duration: 3 months or less versus more than 3 months
  • By nutrient: in combination with other micronutrients or not
  • By targeting: universal versus prescribed
Control:
  • No iron supplementation
  • Placebo
  • Same supplement without iron
Outcomes:Critical
  • Anaemia
  • Iron deficiency anaemia
  • Iron deficiency
  • Morbidity
    –

    Malaria incidence and severity (parasitaemia with or without symptoms)

  • Growth measures: underweight, stunting status, head circumference
  • Mortality
    –

    All-cause

    –

    Acute respiratory infections

    –

    Diarrhoea

    –

    Malaria

Setting:All countries
Copyright © World Health Organization 2011.

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Bookshelf ID: NBK179845
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