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Guideline: Vitamin A Supplementation in Infants and Children 6–59 Months of Age. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.

Cover of Guideline: Vitamin A Supplementation in Infants and Children 6–59 Months of Age

Guideline: Vitamin A Supplementation in Infants and Children 6–59 Months of Age.

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Annex 5Questions in Population, Intervention, Control, Outcomes (PICO) format

Effects and safety of vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age

  1. Should vitamin A supplements be given to infants and children 6–59 months of age?
  2. If so, at what dose and frequency?
Population:
  • Infants and children 6–59 months of age living in countries where vitamin A deficiency may be of public health concern
  • Subpopulations:
    –

    By child (under 5) mortality rates: countries with low versus high rates

    –

    By interaction with immunization: children receiving vitamin A around the time of measles vaccination versus other times

    –

    By child HIV status: HIV-positive versus HIV-negative versus mixed/unknown

    –

    By exposure to additional vitamin A: children who also received vitamin A supplementation during the first 28 days of life and/or at 1–5 months of age versus those who had not received vitamin A before

Intervention:
  • Any oral vitamin A supplement
  • Subgroup analyses:
    –

    By dose: standard dose (100 000 IU for children 6–11 months of age and 200 000 IU for children 12–59 months of age) versus other doses

    –

    By frequency: every 4–6 months versus other

    –

    By timing: receipt of first dose at 6 months of age versus at 9-month measles contact versus other

Control:Placebo or no treatment
Outcomes:Critical
  • Mortality within the follow-up period:
    –

    Any cause

    –

    Acute respiratory infections

    –

    Diarrhoea

    –

    Measles

  • Hospitalization/clinic visits (number and duration) within the follow-up period:
    –

    Any cause

    –

    Acute respiratory infections

    –

    Diarrhoea

    –

    Adverse effects within 72 hours after receiving supplement

    –

    Vomiting

    –

    Others

Setting:All countries
Copyright © World Health Organization 2011.

All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO web site (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: tni.ohw@sredrokoob).

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Bookshelf ID: NBK185167
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