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Mdh1 malate dehydrogenase 1 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

Gene ID: 24551, updated on 27-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Mdh1provided by RGD
Official Full Name
malate dehydrogenase 1provided by RGD
Primary source
RGD:3072
See related
EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000008103 AllianceGenome:RGD:3072
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Rattus norvegicus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as
KAR; MDL1; Mdhl; Mor2
Summary
This gene encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the NAD/NADH-dependent, reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate in many metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. Two main isozymes are known to exist in eukaryotic cells: one is found in the mitochondrial matrix and the other in the cytoplasm. This gene encodes the cytosolic isozyme, which plays a key role in the malate-aspartate shuttle that allows malate to pass through the mitochondrial membrane to be transformed into oxaloacetate for further cellular processes. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is localized in the peroxisomes. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]
Expression
Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 8192.4), Kidney (RPKM 3536.7) and 7 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human mouse all
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Genomic context

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See Mdh1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
14q22
Exon count:
9
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 14 NC_086032.1 (99831934..99847227, complement)
RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 14 NC_051349.1 (95630625..95645920, complement)
106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 14 NC_005113.4 (106378349..106393642, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_086032.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134481874 Neighboring gene large ribosomal subunit protein eL21-like Neighboring gene WD repeat containing planar cell polarity effector Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA SNORA19 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC134481800

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
  • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
  • BioProject: PRJNA238328
  • Publication: PMID 24510058
  • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Receptor-mediated endocytosis of lactate dehydrogenase M4 by liver macrophages: a mechanism for elimination of enzymes from plasma. Evidence for competition by creatine kinase MM, adenylate kinase, malate, and alcohol dehydrogenase. Smit MJ, et al. J Biol Chem, 1987 Sep 25. PMID 2820961
  2. Glutamine and ornithine alpha-ketoglutarate supplementation on malate dehydrogenases expression in hepatectomized rats. Guimarães Filho A, et al. Acta Cir Bras, 2014 Jun. PMID 24919044
  3. Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs encoding mammalian cytosolic malate dehydrogenase. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of mammalian and bacterial malate dehydrogenase. Joh T, et al. J Biol Chem, 1987 Nov 5. PMID 3312200
  4. Role of NADH shuttles in glucose-induced insulin secretion from fetal beta-cells. Tan C, et al. Diabetes, 2002 Oct. PMID 12351438
  5. NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH in cellular functions and cell death: regulation and biological consequences. Ying W. Antioxid Redox Signal, 2008 Feb. PMID 18020963

See all (25) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables NAD binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables malate dehydrogenase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in NAD metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in NADH metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in NADH metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in NADH metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in NADH metabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in NADP metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in NADP metabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in malate metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in malate metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in malate metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in malate-aspartate shuttle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in malate-aspartate shuttle ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in oxaloacetate metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in oxaloacetate metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in tricarboxylic acid cycle IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in tricarboxylic acid cycle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in centrosome IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in centrosome ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
is_active_in cytosol IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in cytosol ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in cytosol ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic; malate dehydrogenase, peroxisomal
Names
Malate dehydrogenase-like enzyme
aromatic alpha-keto acid reductase
cytosolic malate dehydrogenase
malate dehydrogenase 1, NAD (soluble)
malate dehydrogenase, soluble
NP_001303806.1
NP_150238.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001316877.1 → NP_001303806.1  malate dehydrogenase, peroxisomal isoform Mdh1x

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This transcript (1) encodes two isoforms, which result from the use of alternative in-frame translation termination codons. The shorter isoform (Mdh1) results from translation termination at the upstream UGA stop codon, while the longer isoform (Mdh1x) results from UGA stop codon readthrough to the downstream UGA termination codon. This RefSeq represents the longer, C-terminally extended isoform (Mdh1x), which is localized in the peroxisomes. As the UGA stop codon has been reported to specify several alternative amino acids (tryptophan, cysteine, arginine and serine), its location in the longer isoform is denoted by an 'X'.
    Source sequence(s)
    FM055335, FM081843, FM085125, FM086546, FM108375, FN799180
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6A721
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    TIGR01759
    Location:2 → 327
    MalateDH-SF1; malate dehydrogenase
    cd01336
    Location:3 → 328
    MDH_cytoplasmic_cytosolic; Cytoplasmic and cytosolic Malate dehydrogenases

  2. NM_033235.2 → NP_150238.1  malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic isoform Mdh1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_150238.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This transcript (1) encodes two isoforms, which result from the use of alternative in-frame translation termination codons. The shorter isoform (Mdh1) results from translation termination at the upstream UGA stop codon, while the longer isoform (Mdh1x) results from UGA stop codon readthrough to the downstream UGA termination codon. This RefSeq represents the shorter isoform (Mdh1), which is localized in the cytosol.
    Source sequence(s)
    FM055335, FM081843, FM085125, FM086546, FM108375, FN799180
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O88585, O88989, Q6PCV2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A8I6A721, A6JQ40
    Related
    ENSRNOP00000011429.5, ENSRNOT00000011429.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    TIGR01759
    Location:2 → 327
    MalateDH-SF1; malate dehydrogenase
    cd01336
    Location:3 → 328
    MDH_cytoplasmic_cytosolic; Cytoplasmic and cytosolic Malate dehydrogenases

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

  1. NC_086032.1 Reference GRCr8

    Range
    99831934..99847227 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O88989.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O88989

Gene LinkOut

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