GPX1 glutathione peroxidase 1 [Bos taurus (domestic cattle)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: GPX1provided by VGNC
Official Full Name: glutathione peroxidase 1provided by VGNC
Primary source: VGNC:VGNC:109407
See related: Ensembl:ENSBTAG00000054195
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Bos taurus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae; Bovinae; Bos
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family, members of which catalyze the reduction of organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by glutathione, and thereby protect cells against oxidative damage. Other studies indicate that H2O2 is also essential for growth-factor mediated signal transduction, mitochondrial function, and maintenance of thiol redox-balance; therefore, by limiting H2O2 accumulation, glutathione peroxidases are also involved in modulating these processes. Several isozymes of this gene family exist in vertebrates, which vary in cellular location and substrate specificity. This isozyme is the most abundant, is ubiquitously expressed and localized in the cytoplasm, and whose preferred substrate is hydrogen peroxide. It is also a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. There is a direct correlation between the concentration of selenium and the activity of this enzyme in lactating cows, with the highest levels observed during the early stage of lactation, suggesting that the generation of reactive oxygen species was higher during this period compared to the late stage. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]
Orthologs: human mouse all
NEW: Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Location:: chromosome: 22

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_12	current	ARS-UCD2.0 (GCF_002263795.3)	22	NC_037349.1 (50752554..50753722)

Chromosome 22 - NC_037349.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_037349.1 Chromosome 22 Reference ARS-UCD2.0 Primary Assembly

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help

See details

Project title: Dominette sequence data
BioProject: PRJNA294306
Analysis date: Tue Dec 17 08:57:05 2024

Bibliography

Go to the top of the page Help

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Studied the importance of selenium in bovine female reproductive function. Gene expression analysis revealed selenoprotein gene GPX1 was significantly up-regulated in large healthy follicles.
Title: X-Ray fluorescence imaging and other analyses identify selenium and GPX1 as important in female reproductive function.
did not find any significant inhibition of bovine GPx-1 by (S)- or (R)-misonidazole.
Title: Evaluation of (S)- and (R)-misonidazole as GPX inhibitors: synthesis, characterization including circular dichroism and in vitro testing on bovine GPx-1.
Data indicate a positive correlation between GSH-Px activity and serum selenium concentration for all the cows analysed together.
Title: Selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum of cows at different stages of lactation.
Data indicate mRNA level and activity of GPx1 are regulated by level of selenium supplied to hepatocytes.
Title: Regulation of cellular glutathione peroxidase by different forms and concentrations of selenium in primary cultured bovine hepatocytes.
glutathione peroxidase-1 activity is decreased by aminoglycosides through interference with selenocysteine incorporation
Title: Aminoglycosides decrease glutathione peroxidase-1 activity by interfering with selenocysteine incorporation.
homocysteine decreases GPx1 activity by altering the translational mechanism
Title: Homocysteine down-regulates cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) by decreasing translation.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help

Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

ovineDNA_GPX1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:514618

MARC_8131-8132:996688302:1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:269898

D3S1330E (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:147343

Gene Ontology Provided by RefSeq

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables glutathione peroxidase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in glutathione metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in hydrogen peroxide catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hydrogen peroxide	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
involved_in response to selenium ion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info	PubMed

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help

Preferred Names: glutathione peroxidase 1

Names: GPx-1; GSHPx-1; cellular glutathione peroxidase; phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase GPX1

NP_776501.1

EC 1.11.1.12

EC 1.11.1.9

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_174076.3 → NP_776501.1 glutathione peroxidase 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_776501.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

CK969193, EE243568, X13684

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A6QPG3, P00435

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0AAA9THK7

Related

ENSBTAP00000061122.1, ENSBTAT00000080370.2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00340
Location:18 → 195

GSH_Peroxidase; Glutathione (GSH) peroxidase family; tetrameric selenoenzymes that catalyze the reduction of a variety of hydroperoxides including lipid peroxidases, using GSH as a specific electron donor substrate. GSH peroxidase contains one selenocysteine residue per ...