gcm glial cells missing [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: gcmprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: glial cells missingprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0014179
Locus tag: Dmel_CG12245
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0014179
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG12245; Dmel\CG12245; Gcm; GCM; GCM1; GCMa; glide; glide/gcm; l(2)N7-4; N7-4; ucc
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including neurogenesis; positive regulation of gliogenesis; and positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including epithelium; glial cell; head epidermis primordium; lamina monopolar neurons; and neuroblasts. Used to study hypoparathyroidism and infertility. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in familial isolated hypoparathyroidism and hyperparathyroidism. Orthologous to human GCM2 (glial cells missing transcription factor 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 30B12-30B12; 2-35 cM

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (9579498..9581745, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (9579498..9581745, complement)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Gcm counteracts Toll-induced inflammation and impacts hemocyte number through cholinergic signaling.
Title: Gcm counteracts Toll-induced inflammation and impacts hemocyte number through cholinergic signaling.
study identifies a new molecular pathway in female reproductive system development and suggests a role for hGCM in the progression of reproductive tract diseases in humans
Title: An evolutionary conserved interaction between the Gcm transcription factor and the SF1 nuclear receptor in the female reproductive system.
Frazzled expression is induced by the transcription factor Glide/Gcm in a dose-dependent manner.
Title: The Glide/Gcm fate determinant controls initiation of collective cell migration by regulating Frazzled.
Authors discuss the mode of action of Gcm in the different systems and present new tissues that require Gcm and we revise the concept of 'master gene'.
Title: Revisiting the role of the Gcm transcription factor, from master regulator to Swiss army knife.
DNA adenine methyltransferase identification (DamID) identification of Gcm direct targets in Drosophila
Title: Functional Conservation of the Glide/Gcm Regulatory Network Controlling Glia, Hemocyte, and Tendon Cell Differentiation in Drosophila.
Two missense alleles of gcm have been characterized and show the protein activities have been attenuated such that they are operating at threshold levels, and trigger glial cell differentiation in neural precursors in a stochastic fashion.
Title: Characterization of missense alleles of the glial cells missing gene of Drosophila.
GCM directly regulates SIMU expression. gcm and repo have a critical role in controlling glial phagocytic function through regulation of SIMU and DRPR specific expression.
Title: Developmental regulation of glial cell phagocytic function during Drosophila embryogenesis.
mutations in PcG components and in TrxG members found in chromatin remodeling complexes enhance the gcm dominant phenotype, suggesting a balanced action of these chromatin modifiers regulate Gcm function
Title: Polycomb controls gliogenesis by regulating the transient expression of the Gcm/Glide fate determinant.
The transcriptional activator Gcm constitutes a paradigmatic example of master regulator, acting as a pivotal cell fate determinant and differentiation factor during Drosophila embryogenesis.
Title: The Gcm/Glide molecular and cellular pathway: new actors and new lineages.
Gcm/Glide-dependent conversion into glia depends on neural stem cell age, but not on division, triggering a chromatin signature that is conserved in vertebrate glia
Title: Gcm/Glide-dependent conversion into glia depends on neural stem cell age, but not on division, triggering a chromatin signature that is conserved in vertebrate glia.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (24)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in embryonic crystal cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in establishment of glial blood-brain barrier	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in glial cell development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in glial cell differentiation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in glial cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in glial cell differentiation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in glial cell fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in gliogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in gliogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in gliogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in hemocyte development	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in hemocyte development	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of crystal cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in plasmatocyte differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in plasmatocyte differentiation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of glial cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of glial cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in posterior head segmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of hemocyte differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of phagocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in retinal ganglion cell axon guidance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: glial cells missing

Names: CG12245-PA; CG12245-PB; gcm-PA; gcm-PB; glia cells missing; glial cell deficient; glial cell missing; glial cells-missing; glide; glide glide2; upper class chordotonals