U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

KCNJ12 potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 12 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3768, updated on 27-Nov-2024

Summary

Go to the top of the page Help
Official Symbol
KCNJ12provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 12provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:6258
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000184185 MIM:602323; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6258
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
IRK2; hIRK; IRK-2; hIRK1; KCNJN1; Kir2.2; kcnj12x; hkir2.2x
Summary
This gene encodes an inwardly rectifying K+ channel which may be blocked by divalent cations. This protein is thought to be one of multiple inwardly rectifying channels which contribute to the cardiac inward rectifier current (IK1). The gene is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Broad expression in heart (RPKM 2.3), brain (RPKM 1.4) and 20 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
NEW
Try the new Gene table
Try the new Transcript table

Genomic context

Go to the top of the page Help
See KCNJ12 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
17p11.2
Exon count:
5
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (21376357..21419870)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (21325282..21368794)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (21279669..21323182)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21166079-21166648 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11882 Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1 pseudogene 5 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8318 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8317 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11883 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21187095-21187595 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11884 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21190872-21192071 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21200045-21200584 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21200745-21201246 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21201247-21201746 Neighboring gene mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21212475-21212974 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21215299-21215916 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21220325-21220834 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21221172-21221848 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21221849-21222525 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21226043-21226716 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21241499-21242434 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21246647-21247147 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21248662-21249219 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21249895-21250396 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21250397-21250896 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21260572-21261142 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21261143-21261713 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21262777-21263487 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21273483-21274248 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21274448-21275184 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21275185-21275920 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21275921-21276656 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21276657-21277392 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21300639-21301238 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21302987-21303964 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21303965-21304942 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21307551-21308050 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21308458-21308958 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21313097-21314057 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21314058-21315017 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:21328219-21328718 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903950 Neighboring gene PDZ and LIM domain 1 pseudogene 2

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Go to the top of the page Help

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

Go to the top of the page Help
  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

Go to the top of the pageHelp

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Kir 2.2 inward rectifier potassium channels are inhibited by an endogenous factor in Xenopus oocytes independently from the action of a mitochondrial uncoupler. Collins A, et al. J Cell Physiol, 2009 Apr. PMID 19016473
  2. Cloning and functional expression of an inwardly rectifying K+ channel from human atrium. Wible BA, et al. Circ Res, 1995 Mar. PMID 7859381
  3. The human inward rectifying K+ channel Kir 2.2 (KCNJ12) gene: gene structure, assignment to chromosome 17p11.1, and identification of a simple tandem repeat polymorphism. Hugnot JP, et al. Genomics, 1997 Jan 1. PMID 9027495
  4. Identification of human Kir2.2 (KCNJ12) gene encoding functional inward rectifier potassium channel in both mammalian cells and Xenopus oocytes. Kaibara M, et al. FEBS Lett, 2002 Nov 6. PMID 12417321
  5. Nuclear immunostaining in rat neuronal cells using two anti-Kir2.2 ion channel polyclonal antibodies. Stonehouse AH, et al. J Mol Neurosci, 2003 Apr. PMID 12794312

See all (47) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. CircRNA hsa_circ_0014130 function as a miR-132-3p sponge for playing oncogenic roles in bladder cancer via upregulating KCNJ12 expression.
    Title: CircRNA hsa_circ_0014130 function as a miR-132-3p sponge for playing oncogenic roles in bladder cancer via upregulating KCNJ12 expression.
  2. Therefore, we conclude that Kir2.2 p.Thr140Met may be most safely interpreted as a SPP susceptibility variant and it should be included in the genetic testing scheme for diagnosing SPP.
    Title: Kir2.2 p.Thr140Met: a genetic susceptibility to sporadic periodic paralysis.
  3. Four of these 16 variants were rare damaging mutations including novel mutations in KCNJ12/KCNJ18, and GPRIN2 genes. This WES study in Iranian patients with ESCC, provides insight into the identification of novel germline mutations in familial ESCC. Our data suggest an association between specific mutations and increased risk of ESCC
    Title: Familial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with damaging rare/germline mutations in KCNJ12/KCNJ18 and GPRIN2 genes.
  4. Cellular electrophysiology assays of mouse Kir2.1 and human Kir2.2 indicated that, consistent with simulations, the Leu residue increased the channel responses to phosphatidylinositol diphosphate (PIP2) through increased binding affinity and faster activation kinetics, and the deactivation kinetics decreased upon PIP2 inhibition.
    Title: Structural Basis for Differences in Dynamics Induced by Leu Versus Ile Residues in the CD Loop of Kir Channels.
  5. This report is the first to describe the KCNJ12 gene as a cause of familial dilated cardiomyopathy in patients
    Title: Whole exome sequencing identifies a KCNJ12 mutation as a cause of familial dilated cardiomyopathy.
  6. Nav1.5 N-terminal domain binding to alpha1-syntrophin increases membrane density of human Kir2.1, Kir2.2 and Nav1.5 channels
    Title: Nav1.5 N-terminal domain binding to α1-syntrophin increases membrane density of human Kir2.1, Kir2.2 and Nav1.5 channels.
  7. The augmentation of Ca(2+) influx and cytokine release suggests a physiological role for Kir2.2 in TLR4-stimulated monocytes.
    Title: Rise and Fall of Kir2.2 Current by TLR4 Signaling in Human Monocytes: PKC-Dependent Trafficking and PI3K-Mediated PIP2 Decrease.
  8. Unconventional role of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir2.2 as a constitutive activator of RelA in cancer.
    Title: Unconventional role of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir2.2 as a constitutive activator of RelA in cancer.
  9. Kir2.1 and Kir2.2 have two distinct lipid requirements for activity.
    Title: Dual-mode phospholipid regulation of human inward rectifying potassium channels.
  10. Kir2.2 knockdown induces senescence of cancer cells by a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species accumulation.
    Title: Knockdown of inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir2.2 suppresses tumorigenesis by inducing reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular senescence.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

Phenotypes

Go to the top of the page Help

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

Go to the top of the page Help

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

Go to the top of the page Help
Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Go to the top of the page Help

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ14167

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables inward rectifier potassium channel activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables inward rectifier potassium channel activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in muscle contraction TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in potassium ion import across plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in potassium ion transport IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in protein homotetramerization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of heart contraction TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in T-tubule ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
located_in membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of monoatomic ion channel complex IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  

General protein information

Go to the top of the page Help
Preferred Names
ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12
Names
potassium channel, inwardly rectifying subfamily J, member 12
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J member 12

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

Go to the top of the page Help

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_042809.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    4971..48484
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_021012.5 → NP_066292.2  ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_066292.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC068418, AK024229, BC027982, BM799671, DA115102
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11219.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O43401, Q14500, Q15756, Q8NG63
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6L5N3
    Related
    ENSP00000463778.1, ENST00000583088.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam01007
    Location:47 → 374
    IRK; Inward rectifier potassium channel
    pfam08466
    Location:3 → 46
    IRK_N; Inward rectifier potassium channel N-terminal

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    21376357..21419870
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_005256625.6 → XP_005256682.1  ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005256682.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O43401, Q14500, Q15756, Q8NG63
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6L5N3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam01007
    Location:47 → 374
    IRK; Inward rectifier potassium channel
    pfam08466
    Location:3 → 46
    IRK_N; Inward rectifier potassium channel N-terminal

  2. XM_011523831.3 → XP_011522133.1  ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011522133.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O43401, Q14500, Q15756, Q8NG63
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6L5N3
    Related
    ENSP00000328150.5, ENST00000331718.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    pfam01007
    Location:47 → 374
    IRK; Inward rectifier potassium channel
    pfam08466
    Location:3 → 46
    IRK_N; Inward rectifier potassium channel N-terminal

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    21325282..21368794
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054316004.1 → XP_054171979.1  ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O43401, Q14500, Q15756, Q8NG63

  2. XM_054316005.1 → XP_054171980.1  ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 12 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O43401, Q14500, Q15756, Q8NG63
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q14500.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q14500

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

Chemical Information
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Tools
Miscellaneous