Dfd Deformed [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Dfdprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: Deformedprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000439
Locus tag: Dmel_CG2189
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000439
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: BG:DS00276.5; CG2189; dfd; DFD; DmDfd; Dmel\CG2189; EbR11; l(3)84Ae
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity; and RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including embryonic brain development; head segmentation; and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Located in neuronal cell body and nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including epithelium; ganglia; germ layer; gut section; and organism subdivision. Used to study leukemia. Orthologous to several human genes including HOXA4 (homeobox A4); HOXC4 (homeobox C4); and HOXD4 (homeobox D4). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 84A5-84A5; 3-48 cM

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (6791836..6802428)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (2617558..2628150)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Dfd controls expression of functional components of synapses, and is critical for the establishment and maintenance of the neuromuscular unit required for feeding behavior.
Title: Hox Function Is Required for the Development and Maintenance of the Drosophila Feeding Motor Unit.
In conjunction with its receptor Neurotactin (Nrt) and the effector kinase Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl), Ama is necessary in parallel to the cell-autonomous Dfd pathway for the correct specification of the maxillary identity of NB6-4
Title: Cell-Autonomous and Non-cell-autonomous Function of Hox Genes Specify Segmental Neuroblast Identity in the Gnathal Region of the Embryonic CNS in Drosophila.
Hox coordination of tissue morphogenesis relies on boundary fold formation through the modulation of DE-cad positioning
Title: The Hox gene Dfd controls organogenesis by shaping territorial border through regulation of basal DE-Cadherin distribution.
Dfd and Ultrabithorax (Ubx), another Hox TF specifying different morphological traits, interact with non-overlapping regions in vivo, despite their similar DNA binding preferences.
Title: The cis-regulatory code of Hox function in Drosophila.
Study shows that subtle differences in the way Dfd and Scr recognize their specific binding sites, in conjunction with non-DNA-binding domains, influence whether the target gene is transcriptionally activated or repressed.
Title: Dissecting the functional specificities of two Hox proteins.
local activation of rpr expression in the anterior part of the maxillary segment is achieved through a combinatorial interaction of Dfd with at least eight functionally diverse transcriptional regulators on a minimal enhan
Title: Multifactorial regulation of a hox target gene.
comparison of the activity of genetic elements from the regulatory region of the Drosophila melanogaster Deformed gene during embryogenesis and adult life
Title: Temperature compensation and temporal expression mediated by an enhancer element in Drosophila.
Interchange of DNA-binding modes in the deformed and ultrabithorax homeodomains: a structural role for the N-terminal arm.
Title: Interchange of DNA-binding modes in the deformed and ultrabithorax homeodomains: a structural role for the N-terminal arm.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in anterior/posterior pattern specification	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in embryonic brain development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in head development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in head morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in posterior head segmentation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in specification of segmental identity, head	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in neuronal cell body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info