neur neuralized [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: neurprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: neuralizedprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0002932
Locus tag: Dmel_CG11988
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0002932
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: 0328/12; 0971/15; 1293/09; 1315/05; BEST:LD21494; CG11988; Dmel\CG11988; l(3)j6B12; l(3)j9B8; l(3)j9B9; l(3)j9C8; l(3)neo37; neu; Neur
Summary: Enables phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding activity and ubiquitin protein ligase activity. Involved in several processes, including cell fate determination; long-term memory; and regulation of cell development. Located in perinuclear region of cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Colocalizes with endosome. Is expressed in several structures, including Kenyon cell; imaginal disc; sense organ; somatic precursor cell; and synaptic neuropil subdomain. Orthologous to several human genes including NEURL1 (neuralized E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1) and NEURL1B (neuralized E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1B). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 85C2-85C3; 3-48 cM

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (9020348..9039471, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (4846070..4865193, complement)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Separable Roles for Neur and Ubiquitin in Delta Signalling in the Drosophila CNS Lineages.
Title: Separable Roles for Neur and Ubiquitin in Delta Signalling in the Drosophila CNS Lineages.
Study find that in Drosophila neur is directly regulated in proneural clusters by both proneural transcriptional activators and Enhancer of split basic helix-loop-helix repressors (bHLH-Rs), via two separate cis-regulatory modules within the neur locus.
Title: Lateral inhibition: Two modes of non-autonomous negative autoregulation by neuralized.
Data show that Neuralized (Neur) regulates collective apical constriction and furrow formation, and the Bearded (Brd) proteins antagonize maternal Neur and lower medial-apical contractility in the ectoderm.
Title: Spatial regulation of contractility by Neuralized and Bearded during furrow invagination in Drosophila.
The authors found that Dl requires ubi for its full function, but can also signal in two ubi-independent modes, one dependent and one independent of Neur. Their analysis suggests that one important role of Dl protein ubiquitination by Mib1 is their release from cis-inhibitory interactions with Notch, enabling them to trans-activate Notch on adjacent cells.
Title: Ubiquitylation-independent activation of Notch signalling by Delta.
the NHR2 domain is required for Neur function, and a point mutation in the NHR2 domain (Gly430) abolishes Neur ubiquitination activity and affects ligand internalization
Title: Functional analysis of the NHR2 domain indicates that oligomerization of Neuralized regulates ubiquitination and endocytosis of Delta during Notch signaling.
The ubiquitylation of Delta by both Neuralized and Mindbomb1 was detected, with the two enzymes using distinct docking sites and having different acceptor lysine preferences.
Title: Distinct intracellular motifs of Delta mediate its ubiquitylation and activation by Mindbomb1 and Neuralized.
results tie Numb and Notch-signaling through a single player, Neur, thus giving us a more complete picture of the events surrounding asymmetric division of precursor cells
Title: Neuralized mediates asymmetric division of neural precursors by two distinct and sequential events: promoting asymmetric localization of Numb and enhancing activation of Notch-signaling.
inhibition and activation of Notch signaling rely on a conserved Neuralized-binding motif in Bearded proteins and the Notch ligand Delta
Title: Both inhibition and activation of Notch signaling rely on a conserved Neuralized-binding motif in Bearded proteins and the Notch ligand Delta.
the highly conserved ubiquitin ligase Neuralized (Neur) is expressed in the adult Drosophila mushroom body (MB) alpha/beta lobe peripheral neurons and is a limiting factor for the formation of long-term memory
Title: Neuralized is expressed in the alpha/beta lobes of adult Drosophila mushroom bodies and facilitates olfactory long-term memory formation.
The diverse phenotypic effects arising from nearby P-element insertions in neur provide a new appreciation of the concept of allelic effects on phenotype.
Title: Pleiotropic effects of Drosophila neuralized on complex behaviors and brain structure.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in asymmetric cell division	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in germ-line stem cell population maintenance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in long-term memory	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mesoderm development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of lamellocyte differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuroblast fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in peripheral nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of endocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein localization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in protein polyubiquitination	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sensory organ development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sensory organ precursor cell fate determination	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in sensory organ precursor cell fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ventral cord development	HMP more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with endosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: neuralized

Names: CG11988-PA; CG11988-PB; CG11988-PC; CG11988-PD; CG11988-PE; neur-PA; neur-PB; neur-PC; neur-PD; neur-PE; neuralised

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

9020348..9039471 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_169255.3 → NP_731309.1 neuralized, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_731309.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P29503

Related

FBpp0081480

Conserved Domains (4) summary

smart00588
Location:24 → 143

NEUZ; domain in neuralized proteins

pfam07177
Location:27 → 91

Neuralized; Neuralized

pfam13920
Location:617 → 665

zf-C3HC4_3; Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger)

cl02614
Location:26 → 173

SPRY; SPRY domain
NM_169256.3 → NP_731310.1 neuralized, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_731310.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E1JIG1

Related

FBpp0081479

Conserved Domains (4) summary

smart00588
Location:24 → 143

NEUZ; domain in neuralized proteins

pfam07177
Location:27 → 91

Neuralized; Neuralized

pfam13920
Location:618 → 666

zf-C3HC4_3; Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger)

cl02614
Location:26 → 173

SPRY; SPRY domain
NM_169257.3 → NP_731311.1 neuralized, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_731311.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P29503

Related

FBpp0081482

Conserved Domains (4) summary

smart00588
Location:106 → 225

NEUZ; domain in neuralized proteins

pfam07177
Location:109 → 173

Neuralized; Neuralized

pfam13920
Location:699 → 747

zf-C3HC4_3; Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger)

cl02614
Location:108 → 255

SPRY; SPRY domain
NM_057304.5 → NP_476652.1 neuralized, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476652.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P29503, Q26306, Q27273, Q8INP6, Q8INP7, Q960M1

Related

FBpp0081481

Conserved Domains (4) summary

smart00588
Location:106 → 225

NEUZ; domain in neuralized proteins

pfam07177
Location:109 → 173

Neuralized; Neuralized

pfam13920
Location:700 → 748

zf-C3HC4_3; Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger)

cl02614
Location:108 → 255

SPRY; SPRY domain
NM_001170092.3 → NP_001163563.1 neuralized, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001163563.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E1JIG1

Conserved Domains (4) summary

smart00588
Location:24 → 143

NEUZ; domain in neuralized proteins

pfam07177
Location:27 → 91

Neuralized; Neuralized

pfam13920
Location:618 → 666

zf-C3HC4_3; Zinc finger, C3HC4 type (RING finger)

cl02614
Location:26 → 173

SPRY; SPRY domain