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TT4 Chalcone and stilbene synthase family protein [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

Gene ID: 831241, updated on 18-Sep-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
TT4
Official Full Name
Chalcone and stilbene synthase family protein
Primary source
TAIR:AT5G13930
Locus tag
AT5G13930
See related
Araport:AT5G13930
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage
Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as
ATCHS; CHALCONE SYNTHASE; CHALCONE/STILBENE SYNTHASE; CHS; MAC12.28; MAC12_28; NARINGENIN-CHALCONE SYNTHASE; TRANSPARENT TESTA 4
Summary
Encodes chalcone synthase (CHS), a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids. Required for the accumulation of purple anthocyanins in leaves and stems. Also involved in the regulation of auxin transport and the modulation of root gravitropism.
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Genomic context

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See TT4 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
chromosome: 5
Exon count:
2
Sequence:
Chromosome: 5; NC_003076.8 (4488476..4490264)

Chromosome 5 - NC_003076.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Integrase-type DNA-binding superfamily protein Neighboring gene GRF zinc finger / Zinc knuckle protein Neighboring gene aminopeptidase Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene nuclear factor kappa-B-binding protein Neighboring gene histone-lysine N-methyltransferase, H3 lysine-9 specific SUVH4-like protein Neighboring gene midasin-like protein

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:
NC_003076.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Transcriptional regulation of the Arabidopsis thaliana chalcone synthase gene. Feinbaum RL, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1988 May. PMID 3386631, Free PMC Article
  2. Flavonoids act as negative regulators of auxin transport in vivo in arabidopsis. Brown DE, et al. Plant Physiol, 2001 Jun. PMID 11402184, Free PMC Article
  3. Ethylene modulates flavonoid accumulation and gravitropic responses in roots of Arabidopsis. Buer CS, et al. Plant Physiol, 2006 Apr. PMID 16489132, Free PMC Article
  4. Molecular modeling of the effects of mutant alleles on chalcone synthase protein structure. Dana CD, et al. J Mol Model, 2006 Sep. PMID 16575575
  5. Constitutive accumulation of cis-piceid in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing a sorghum stilbene synthase gene. Yu CK, et al. Plant Cell Physiol, 2006 Jul. PMID 16731548

See all (24) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Title: Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  2. mediates flavonoids that negatively affect embryonic fatty acid biosynthesis
    Title: TRANSPARENT TESTA 4-mediated flavonoids negatively affect embryonic fatty acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.
  3. Simulations carried out at different temperatures pointed to optimized positioning of key residues in the active site or dimerization domain as underlying the higher activity of two temperature-sensitive variants at lower temperatures.
    Title: Molecular modeling of the effects of mutant alleles on chalcone synthase protein structure.
  4. results suggest the presence of unknown stilbene isomerase activities in Arabidopsis.
    Title: Constitutive accumulation of cis-piceid in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing a sorghum stilbene synthase gene.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Homology

NM_121396.4

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables naringenin-chalcone synthase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables naringenin-chalcone synthase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within auxin polar transport IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within chalcone biosynthetic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in flavonoid biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within flavonoid biosynthetic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within flavonoid biosynthetic process ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic process IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to UV-B IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to auxin IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to gravity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to jasmonic acid IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to oxidative stress IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to wounding IEP
Inferred from Expression Pattern
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm ISM
Inferred from Sequence Model
more info
  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plant-type vacuole membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
Chalcone and stilbene synthase family protein
NP_196897.1
  • TRANSPARENT TESTA 4 (TT4); FUNCTIONS IN: naringenin-chalcone synthase activity; INVOLVED IN: in 11 processes; LOCATED IN: plant-type vacuole membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus; EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 14 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Chalcone/stilbene synthase, N-terminal (InterPro:IPR001099), Thiolase-like (InterPro:IPR016039), Polyketide synthase, type III (InterPro:IPR011141), Chalcone/stilbene synthase, active site (InterPro:IPR018088), Chalcone/stilbene synthase, C-terminal (InterPro:IPR012328), Thiolase-like, subgroup (InterPro:IPR016038); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Chalcone and stilbene synthase family protein (TAIR:AT4G34850.1); Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 0; Metazoa - 736; Fungi - 347; Plants - 385; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_003076.8 Reference assembly

    Range
    4488476..4490264
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_121396.4 → NP_196897.1  Chalcone and stilbene synthase family protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_196897.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P13114, Q43132, Q940L6, Q941R9
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A178UKS9, A0A384KNE5, Q460Q4, Q460R0, Q460R2, Q460R3, Q460R8, Q460S2, Q460S8, Q460T2, Q5FBU5, Q5FBU6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN03170
    Location:2 → 395
    PLN03170; chalcone synthase; Provisional
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P13114.1

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