Atg3 autophagy related 3 [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Atg3provided by MGI
Official Full Name: autophagy related 3provided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:1915091
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000022663 AllianceGenome:MGI:1915091
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: APG3; Apg3l; Atg3l; PC3-96; 2610016C12Rik
Summary: Enables Atg12 transferase activity and Atg8-family ligase activity. Involved in autophagosome assembly; mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process; and regulation of cilium assembly. Acts upstream of or within macroautophagy and negative regulation of phagocytosis. Predicted to be part of Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex and cytoplasmic ubiquitin ligase complex. Predicted to be active in cytosol and phagophore assembly site. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; brain; genitourinary system; hemolymphoid system; and integumental system. Orthologous to human ATG3 (autophagy related 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in adrenal adult (RPKM 24.2), bladder adult (RPKM 17.8) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 16 29.45 cM; 16 B5

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	16	NC_000082.7 (44979192..45008901)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	16	NC_000082.6 (45158829..45188538)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000082.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

A thiol-dependent process is being reported that may account for impaired autophagy during aging. This is through direct oxidation of key autophagy-related (Atg) proteins Atg3 and Atg7.
Title: Oxidation of Atg3 and Atg7 mediates inhibition of autophagy.
These findings highlight a critical role of ATG3-dependent autophagy for mitochondrial homeostasis regulation in both pluripotency acquirement and maintenance.
Title: ATG3-dependent autophagy mediates mitochondrial homeostasis in pluripotency acquirement and maintenance.
miR-495 targets ATG3 and regulates its protein levels under starvation conditions. miR-495 also inhibits starvation-induced autophagy by decreasing the number of autophagosomes.
Title: MicroRNA-495 regulates starvation-induced autophagy by targeting ATG3.
ATG12-ATG3 interacts with Alix to promote basal autophagic flux and late endosome function.
Title: ATG12-ATG3 interacts with Alix to promote basal autophagic flux and late endosome function.
Atg3 expression, similar to Atg5 expression, is required for Immunity Related GTPases and Guanylate binding proteins to dock to pathogen-containing vacuoles.
Title: The E2-like conjugation enzyme Atg3 promotes binding of IRG and Gbp proteins to Chlamydia- and Toxoplasma-containing vacuoles and host resistance.
Vaccinia virus actively disrupts the cellular autophagy through a novel molecular mechanism that is associated with aberrant LC3 lipidation and a direct conjugation between ATG12 and ATG3.
Title: Vaccinia virus leads to ATG12–ATG3 conjugation and deficiency in autophagosome formation.
The model and biochemical data provide a rationale for Atg7 dimerization: Atg8 is transferred in trans from the catalytic cysteine of one Atg7 protomer to Atg3 bound to the N-terminal domain of the opposite Atg7 protomer within the homodimer.
Title: Atg8 transfer from Atg7 to Atg3: a distinctive E1-E2 architecture and mechanism in the autophagy pathway.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1) 1 citation
Targeted (5) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

WI-22015 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:74098

BB097433 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:186074

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables Atg12 transferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables Atg8-family conjugating enzyme activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables Atg8-family conjugating enzyme activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables Atg8-family conjugating enzyme activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
enables Atg8-family ligase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables enzyme binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables enzyme binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables ubiquitin-like protein transferase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in autophagosome assembly	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in autophagosome assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within autophagosome assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in autophagosome assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in autophagosome assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in autophagy	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in autophagy of mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glycophagy	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within macroautophagy	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of phagocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in nucleophagy	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein modification process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein ubiquitination	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein ubiquitination	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of cilium assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of cytoplasmic ubiquitin ligase complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in phagophore assembly site	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3

Names: autophagy-related protein 3

NP_001343295.1

EC 2.3.2.-

NP_080678.1

EC 2.3.2.-

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001356366.1 → NP_001343295.1 ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 isoform 2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC129601

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam03986
Location:2 → 48

Autophagy_N; Autophagocytosis associated protein (Atg3), N-terminal domain

pfam03987
Location:117 → 178

Autophagy_act_C; Autophagocytosis associated protein, active-site domain

pfam10381
Location:199 → 222

Autophagy_C; Autophagocytosis associated protein C-terminal
NM_026402.3 → NP_080678.1 ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_080678.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AC129601

Consensus CDS

CCDS28194.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q3TXJ9, Q9CPX6

Related

ENSMUSP00000023343.4, ENSMUST00000023343.4

Conserved Domains (3) summary

pfam03986
Location:8 → 133

Autophagy_N; Autophagocytosis associated protein (Atg3), N-terminal domain

pfam03987
Location:204 → 265

Autophagy_act_C; Autophagocytosis associated protein, active-site domain

pfam10381
Location:286 → 309

Autophagy_C; Autophagocytosis associated protein C-terminal