U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Links from GEO Profiles

    • Showing Current items.

    GPBAR1 G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 151306, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    GPBAR1provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:19680
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000179921 MIM:610147; AllianceGenome:HGNC:19680
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    BG37; TGR5; M-BAR; GPCR19; GPR131
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. This enzyme functions as a cell surface receptor for bile acids. Treatment of cells expressing this GPCR with bile acids induces the production of intracellular cAMP, activation of a MAP kinase signaling pathway, and internalization of the receptor. The receptor is implicated in the suppression of macrophage functions and regulation of energy homeostasis by bile acids. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Biased expression in gall bladder (RPKM 4.9), fat (RPKM 2.9) and 11 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    See GPBAR1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2q35
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (218259496..218263861)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (218745197..218749562)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (219124219..219128584)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928487 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:219081921-219082524 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12312 Neighboring gene actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 Neighboring gene tRNA-Tyr (anticodon ATA) 1-1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:219126185-219126990 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17115 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:219133153-219134038 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17116 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17117 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17118 Neighboring gene angio associated migratory cell protein Neighboring gene PNKD metallo-beta-lactamase domain containing Neighboring gene transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 1 Neighboring gene microRNA 6513

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. TGR5 activation ameliorates hyperglycemia-induced cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cells. Cheng KC, et al. Sci Rep, 2019 Mar 6. PMID 30842472, Free PMC Article
    2. Highly lipophilic 3-epi-betulinic acid derivatives as potent and selective TGR5 agonists with improved cellular efficacy. Wang XY, et al. Acta Pharmacol Sin, 2014 Nov. PMID 25283506, Free PMC Article
    3. Activation of the bile acid receptor TGR5 enhances LPS-induced inflammatory responses in a human monocytic cell line. Mobraten K, et al. J Recept Signal Transduct Res, 2015. PMID 25418122
    4. Structural basis of GPBAR activation and bile acid recognition. Yang F, et al. Nature, 2020 Nov. PMID 32698187
    5. TGR5 in the Cholangiociliopathies. Masyuk TV, et al. Dig Dis, 2015. PMID 26045278, Free PMC Article

    See all (100) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Modulatory Roles of AHR, FFAR2, FXR, and TGR5 Gene Expression in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and COVID-19 Outcomes.
      Title: Modulatory Roles of AHR, FFAR2, FXR, and TGR5 Gene Expression in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and COVID-19 Outcomes.
    2. Changes in the Bile Acid Pool and Timing of Female Puberty: Potential Novel Role of Hypothalamic TGR5.
      Title: Changes in the Bile Acid Pool and Timing of Female Puberty: Potential Novel Role of Hypothalamic TGR5.
    3. Gpbar-1/cAMP/PKA signaling mitigates macrophage-mediated acute cholestatic liver injury via antagonizing NLRP3-ASC inflammasome.
      Title: Gpbar-1/cAMP/PKA signaling mitigates macrophage-mediated acute cholestatic liver injury via antagonizing NLRP3-ASC inflammasome.
    4. TGR5 deficiency in excitatory neurons ameliorates Alzheimer's pathology by regulating APP processing.
      Title: TGR5 deficiency in excitatory neurons ameliorates Alzheimer's pathology by regulating APP processing.
    5. The function of the gut microbiota-bile acid-TGR5 axis in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.
      Title: The function of the gut microbiota-bile acid-TGR5 axis in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.
    6. Gut microbiota-mediated ursodeoxycholic acids regulate the inflammation of microglia through TGR5 signaling after MCAO.
      Title: Gut microbiota-mediated ursodeoxycholic acids regulate the inflammation of microglia through TGR5 signaling after MCAO.
    7. Activation of GPBAR1 attenuates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in a mouse model of NAFLD-related cardiovascular disease.
      Title: Activation of GPBAR1 attenuates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in a mouse model of NAFLD-related cardiovascular disease.
    8. GPBAR1 preserves neurite and synapse of dopaminergic neurons via RAD21-OPCML signaling: Role in preventing Parkinson's disease in mouse model and human patients.
      Title: GPBAR1 preserves neurite and synapse of dopaminergic neurons via RAD21-OPCML signaling: Role in preventing Parkinson's disease in mouse model and human patients.
    9. Lithocholic acid inhibits dendritic cell activation by reducing intracellular glutathione via TGR5 signaling.
      Title: Lithocholic acid inhibits dendritic cell activation by reducing intracellular glutathione via TGR5 signaling.
    10. Structural basis and molecular mechanism of biased GPBAR signaling in regulating NSCLC cell growth via YAP activity.
      Title: Structural basis and molecular mechanism of biased GPBAR signaling in regulating NSCLC cell growth via YAP activity.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (91)

    Phenotypes

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

    Go to the top of the page Help

    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

    Go to the top of the page

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC40597

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled bile acid receptor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables G protein-coupled bile acid receptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables G protein-coupled bile acid receptor activity NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled bile acid receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to bile acid IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of cholangiocyte proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    part_of receptor complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1
    Names
    G-protein coupled bile acid receptor BG37
    G-protein coupled receptor GPCR19
    membrane bile acid receptor
    membrane-type receptor for bile acids

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001077191.2 → NP_001070659.1  G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001070659.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC021016, AK122660, BC033625
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46515.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV35, Q8TDU6
      Related
      ENSP00000430886.1, ENST00000522678.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:49 → 75
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 2 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:28 → 284
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    2. NM_001077194.2 → NP_001070662.1  G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001070662.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC021016, AK122660, BC033625, BI834364
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46515.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV35, Q8TDU6
      Related
      ENSP00000428824.1, ENST00000521462.1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:49 → 75
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 2 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:28 → 284
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    3. NM_001321950.2 → NP_001308879.1  G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC021016, AK122658, BC033625
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46515.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV35, Q8TDU6
      Related
      ENSP00000430698.1, ENST00000479077.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:49 → 75
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 2 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:28 → 284
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    4. NM_170699.3 → NP_733800.1  G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_733800.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1, 2, and 3 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC021016, AK122660, BC033625
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46515.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV35, Q8TDU6
      Related
      ENSP00000430202.1, ENST00000519574.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:49 → 75
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 2 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:28 → 284
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      218259496..218263861
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011510743.1 → XP_011509045.1  G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011509045.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV35, Q8TDU6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd14964
      Location:49 → 75
      7tm_GPCRs; TM helix 2 [structural motif]
      cl28897
      Location:28 → 284
      7tm_GPCRs; seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor superfamily

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      218745197..218749562
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054340779.1 → XP_054196754.1  G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KV35, Q8TDU6
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8TDU6.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8TDU6

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous