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    Spag16 sperm associated antigen 16 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 66722, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Spag16provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    sperm associated antigen 16provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1913972
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000053153 AllianceGenome:MGI:1913972
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Pf20; Wdr29; 4921511D23Rik; 4930524F24Rik; 4930585K05Rik
    Summary
    Enables protein kinase binding activity. Involved in cilium assembly. Acts upstream of or within cerebrospinal fluid circulation; mucociliary clearance; and sperm axoneme assembly. Located in axonemal central apparatus and sperm flagellum. Orthologous to human SPAG16 (sperm associated antigen 16). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 9.4), lung adult (RPKM 1.1) and 1 other tissue See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Spag16 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1 C3; 1 35.04 cM
    Exon count:
    20
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 1 NC_000067.7 (69866031..70764291)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 1 NC_000067.6 (69826872..70725132)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000067.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene IKAROS family zinc finger 2 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01218 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01219 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01220 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 53559 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr1:69815414-69815635 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 29822 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01224 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01225 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01226 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 23879 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01227 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01228 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01229 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 17972 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 23422 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 57571 Neighboring gene von Willebrand factor C domain-containing protein 2-like Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_01230 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 29906 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 57799 Neighboring gene ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, alpha subunit 1 pseudogene

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Spag16, an axonemal central apparatus gene, encodes a male germ cell nuclear speckle protein that regulates SPAG16 mRNA expression. Nagarkatti-Gude DR, et al. PLoS One, 2011. PMID 21655194, Free PMC Article
    2. Deficiency of SPAG16L causes male infertility associated with impaired sperm motility. Zhang Z, et al. Biol Reprod, 2006 Apr. PMID 16382026
    3. Distribution of sperm antigen 6 (SPAG6) and 16 (SPAG16) in mouse ciliated and non-ciliated tissues. Alciaturi J, et al. J Mol Histol, 2019 Jun. PMID 30911868
    4. Elongin B is a binding partner of the male germ cell nuclear speckle protein sperm-associated antigen 16S (SPAG16S) and is regulated post-transcriptionally in the testis. Zhang Z, et al. Reprod Fertil Dev, 2019 Apr. PMID 30811962, Free PMC Article
    5. Accelerated mortality from hydrocephalus and pneumonia in mice with a combined deficiency of SPAG6 and SPAG16L reveals a functional interrelationship between the two central apparatus proteins. Zhang Z, et al. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton, 2007 May. PMID 17323374

    See all (26) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. In this work, we performed a quantitative analysis of the expression of Spag6 and Spag16 genes in parallel with the immune-localization of the proteins in several tissues of adult mice.
      Title: Distribution of sperm antigen 6 (SPAG6) and 16 (SPAG16) in mouse ciliated and non-ciliated tissues.
    2. The distinct nuclear localization of SPAG16S and its ability to modulate Spag16L mRNA expression suggest that SPAG16S plays an important role in the gene expression machinery of male germ cells.
      Title: Spag16, an axonemal central apparatus gene, encodes a male germ cell nuclear speckle protein that regulates SPAG16 mRNA expression.
    3. Functional deficiencies and a reduced response to calcium in the flagellum of mouse sperm lacking SPAG16L.
      Title: Functional deficiencies and a reduced response to calcium in the flagellum of mouse sperm lacking SPAG16L.
    4. SPAG16L can be phosphorylated by TSSK2 in vitro.
      Title: Phosphorylation of mouse sperm axoneme central apparatus protein SPAG16L by a testis-specific kinase, TSSK2.
    5. In sperm, SPAG16L is found in the central apparatus of the axoneme. We conclude that SPAG16L is essential for sperm flagellar function.
      Title: Deficiency of SPAG16L causes male infertility associated with impaired sperm motility.
    6. Data describe the cloning of human and mouse Pf20 proteins that interact with Spag6 protein.
      Title: A sperm-associated WD repeat protein orthologous to Chlamydomonas PF20 associates with Spag6, the mammalian orthologue of Chlamydomonas PF16.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 
    • Targeted (2)  1 citation

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in axoneme assembly IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within cerebrospinal fluid circulation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cilium assembly IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within mucociliary clearance IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within sperm axoneme assembly IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in axonemal central apparatus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in axonemal central apparatus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in axoneme IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in sperm flagellum IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    sperm-associated antigen 16 protein
    Names
    pf20 protein homolog
    sperm-associated WD repeat protein

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001271533.1 → NP_001258462.1  sperm-associated antigen 16 protein isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001258462.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks several exons and includes an alternate 3' terminal exon compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3 which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA103272, AC167331, AK083083
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS69901.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8K450
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000109573.3, ENSMUST00000113940.4

    2. NM_025728.4 → NP_080004.1  sperm-associated antigen 16 protein isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_080004.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate 5'-most exon in the 5' UTR and lacks a portion of the 5' coding region compared to variant 1. These differences cause translation initiation at a downstream AUG and result in an isoform (2; also known as Spag16S) with a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC129933, AK014865, CJ046986
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8K450
      Related
      ENSMUST00000161310.8
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      COG2319
      Location:20 → 309
      WD40; WD40 repeat [General function prediction only]
      cd00200
      Location:23 → 309
      WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...
      sd00039
      Location:34 → 71
      7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

    3. NM_029160.3 → NP_083436.2  sperm-associated antigen 16 protein isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_083436.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1; also known as Spag16L).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC101802, AC102458, AC102666, AC129933, AC164411, AC167331
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS15027.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q0VBE7, Q8C450, Q8K450, Q9CPU8, Q9D522
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000069821.6, ENSMUST00000065425.12
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      COG2319
      Location:349 → 638
      WD40; WD40 repeat [General function prediction only]
      cd00200
      Location:352 → 638
      WD40; WD40 domain, found in a number of eukaryotic proteins that cover a wide variety of functions including adaptor/regulatory modules in signal transduction, pre-mRNA processing and cytoskeleton assembly; typically contains a GH dipeptide 11-24 residues from ...
      sd00039
      Location:363 → 400
      7WD40; WD40 repeat [structural motif]

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000067.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      69866031..70764291
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006496194.3 → XP_006496257.1  sperm-associated antigen 16 protein isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam18654
      Location:144 → 232
      LegC3_N; LegC3 N-terminal coiled-coil domain
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8K450.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8K450

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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