Hmgcs2 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Hmgcs2provided by RGD
Official Full Name: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2804
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000019120 AllianceGenome:RGD:2804
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Hmgcs1; Mt3h3mg
Summary: Enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to insulin stimulus; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; and ketone body biosynthetic process. Located in mitochondrial matrix. Biomarker of extrahepatic cholestasis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in HMG-CoA synthase 2 deficiency. Orthologous to human HMGCS2 (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Liver (RPKM 3353.3), Testes (RPKM 364.5) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q34

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	2	NC_086020.1 (188564348..188590872)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	2	NC_051337.1 (185875609..185903505)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	2	NC_005101.4 (200452623..200480785)

Chromosome 2 - NC_086020.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Hmgcs2 is the hub gene in diabetic cardiomyopathy and is negatively regulated by Hmgcs2, promoting high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
Title: Hmgcs2 is the hub gene in diabetic cardiomyopathy and is negatively regulated by Hmgcs2, promoting high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury.
Protein PDK4 Interacts with HMGCS2 to Facilitate High Glucoseinduced Myocardial Injuries.
Title: Protein PDK4 Interacts with HMGCS2 to Facilitate High Glucoseinduced Myocardial Injuries.
Results identify 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase isoenzymes 1 and 2 as the alternative markers for satellite glial cells (SGCs) in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). Downregulated HMGCS1 expression in DRGs after spinal nerve injury may reflect a potential role of abnormal sterol metabolism of SGCs in the nerve injured-induced neuropathic pain.
Title: HMG-CoA synthase isoenzymes 1 and 2 localize to satellite glial cells in dorsal root ganglia and are differentially regulated by peripheral nerve injury.
Data indicate that 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGCS2) were upregulated in alcohol-fed rats.
Title: Overexpression of hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA synthase 2 and 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase in rat pancreas following chronic alcohol consumption.
mRNA steady-state levels of CPT I and mit HMG-CoA are not changed in rat DMBA-induced mammary cancer
Title: Influence of DMBA-induced mammary cancer on the liver CPT I, mit HMG-CoA synthase and PPARalpha mRNA expression in rats fed a low or high corn oil diet.
Intestinsal flora, through butyrate production, can control the expression of colonic mHMGCoA synthase and glutaminase
Title: Expression of mitochondrial HMGCoA synthase and glutaminase in the colonic mucosa is modulated by bacterial species.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acetyl-CoA metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in acetyl-CoA metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adipose tissue development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to amino acid stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to fatty acid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to hormone stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to insulin stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to organic cyclic compound	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cholesterol biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in farnesyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in ketone body biosynthetic process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in ketone body biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in ketone body biosynthetic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in kidney development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in liver development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in lung development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in midgut development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in multicellular organismal response to stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to bacterium	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to cAMP	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ethanol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to fatty acid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to glucagon	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to glucocorticoid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to growth hormone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to insulin	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to linoleic acid	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to metal ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to monosaccharide	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to peptide hormone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to prostaglandin F	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to starvation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to temperature stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to testosterone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to triglyceride	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in mitochondrial matrix	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, mitochondrial

Names: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-Coenzyme A synthase 2; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (mitochondrial); 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A synthase 2 (mitochondrial); HMG-CoA synthase; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2

NP_775117.2

EC 2.3.3.10

XP_006233064.1

EC 2.3.3.10

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_173094.2 → NP_775117.2 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, mitochondrial precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_775117.2

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

BC083543

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

F1M9Q5, P22791, Q68G44

Related

ENSRNOP00000026122.6, ENSRNOT00000026121.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

TIGR01833
Location:50 → 506

HMG-CoA-S_euk; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA-synthase, eukaryotic clade

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086020.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

188564348..188590872

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_006233002.5 → XP_006233064.1 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase, mitochondrial isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006233064.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

F1M9Q5, P22791, Q68G44

Conserved Domains (1) summary

TIGR01833
Location:50 → 506

HMG-CoA-S_euk; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA-synthase, eukaryotic clade