Grn granulin [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Grnprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: granulinprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:95832
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000034708 AllianceGenome:MGI:95832
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: GP88; PEPI; Pgrn; PCDGF; epithelin
Summary: Predicted to enable protein-folding chaperone binding activity. Involved in several processes, including glial cell activation; positive regulation of cellular component organization; and regulation of defense response. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including blastocyst hatching; locomotory exploration behavior; and positive regulation of cell population proliferation. Located in several cellular components, including endoplasmic reticulum; lysosome; and trans-Golgi network. Is active in cerebellar climbing fiber to Purkinje cell synapse. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; early conceptus; gonad; placenta; and skin. Used to study Grn-related frontotemporal lobar degeneration with Tdp43 inclusions and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in dementia (multiple); neurodegenerative disease (multiple); neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 11; and primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Orthologous to human GRN (granulin precursor). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in subcutaneous fat pad adult (RPKM 113.5), ovary adult (RPKM 110.4) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11 D; 11 66.29 cM

Exon count:: 13

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	11	NC_000077.7 (102321333..102327635)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	11	NC_000077.6 (102430507..102436809)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Progranulin mediates the onset of pristane induced systemic lupus erythematosus.
Title: Progranulin mediates the onset of pristane induced systemic lupus erythematosus.
Selective neuronal expression of progranulin is sufficient to provide neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects after traumatic brain injury.
Title: Selective neuronal expression of progranulin is sufficient to provide neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects after traumatic brain injury.
Progranulin deficiency attenuates tubulointerstitial injury in a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction model.
Title: Progranulin deficiency attenuates tubulointerstitial injury in a mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction model.
Peripheral expression of brain-penetrant progranulin rescues pathologies in mouse models of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Title: Peripheral expression of brain-penetrant progranulin rescues pathologies in mouse models of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Progranulin promotes regulatory T cells plasticity by mitochondrial metabolism through AMPK/PGC-1alpha pathway in ARDS.
Title: Progranulin promotes regulatory T cells plasticity by mitochondrial metabolism through AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in ARDS.
Targeting progranulin alleviated silica particles-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis via decreasing Il-6 and Tgf-beta1/Smad.
Title: Targeting progranulin alleviated silica particles-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis via decreasing Il-6 and Tgf-β1/Smad.
Progranulin-deficient macrophages cause cardiotoxicity under hypoxic conditions.
Title: Progranulin-deficient macrophages cause cardiotoxicity under hypoxic conditions.
Increased circulating progranulin is not sufficient to induce cardiac dysfunction or supraventricular arrhythmia.
Title: Increased circulating progranulin is not sufficient to induce cardiac dysfunction or supraventricular arrhythmia.
Regulation of extracellular progranulin in medial prefrontal cortex.
Title: Regulation of extracellular progranulin in medial prefrontal cortex.
Progranulin inhibits fibrosis by interacting with and up-regulating DNAJC3 during mouse skin wound healing.
Title: Progranulin inhibits fibrosis by interacting with and up-regulating DNAJC3 during mouse skin wound healing.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (163)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (6)
Targeted (15) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Grn (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:527373

D16195 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:124727

Grn (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:531285

Grn (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:165011

Grn (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143266

Grn (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143267

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:236740

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables cytokine activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein-folding chaperone binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein-folding chaperone binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in astrocyte activation involved in immune response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within blastocyst hatching	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in chondrocyte proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within embryo implantation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of epithelial cell proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within locomotory exploration behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in lysosomal lumen acidification	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lysosomal lumen acidification	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within lysosomal protein catabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in lysosomal transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in lysosomal transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in lysosomal transport	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in lysosome organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in maintenance of synapse structure	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in maintenance of synapse structure	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in male mating behavior	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in microglial cell activation involved in immune response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of hydrolase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of inflammatory response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of innate immune response	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of microglial cell activation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of neutrophil activation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of neutrophil activation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in neural precursor cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of aspartic-type peptidase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of aspartic-type peptidase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of aspartic-type peptidase activity	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in positive regulation of axon regeneration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of defense response to bacterium	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of dendritic spine development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response to wounding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lysosome organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lysosome organization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of neuron projection development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein folding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein stabilization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in protein stabilization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of inflammatory response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of lysosome organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to estradiol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within retina development in camera-type eye	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in synaptic vesicle endocytosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of trophectodermal cell proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi apparatus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in Golgi apparatus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cerebellar climbing fiber to Purkinje cell synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cerebellar climbing fiber to Purkinje cell synapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in endosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in extracellular region	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular region	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in extracellular space	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in late endosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in late endosome	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in lysosomal membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in lysosomal membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in lysosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in lysosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in mitochondrion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
is_active_in synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in trans-Golgi network	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: progranulin

Names: PC cell-derived growth factor; acrogranin; acrogranulin; epithelin/granulin; glycoprotein 88; glycoprotein of 88 Kda; granulins; proepithelin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.