Hmgcr 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Hmgcrprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductaseprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2803
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000016122 AllianceGenome:RGD:2803
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: 3H3M
Summary: Enables identical protein binding activity and protein phosphatase 2A binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cholesterol homeostasis; positive regulation of MAPK cascade; and regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process. Predicted to be located in endoplasmic reticulum. Predicted to be active in endoplasmic reticulum membrane and peroxisomal membrane. Used to study Wilson disease; drug-induced hepatitis; end stage renal disease; pulmonary hypertension; and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomarker of chronic kidney disease; end stage renal disease; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; and premature menopause. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; coronary artery disease (multiple); diabetes mellitus (multiple); muscular disease (multiple); and neurodegenerative disease (multiple). Orthologous to human HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Liver (RPKM 107.6), Brain (RPKM 101.7) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2q12

Exon count:: 21

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	2	NC_086020.1 (29732163..29754276, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	2	NC_051337.1 (27997523..28018983, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	2	NC_005101.4 (27480224..27500654, complement)

Chromosome 2 - NC_086020.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

An evolutionarily-conserved promoter allele governs HMG-CoA reductase expression in spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Title: An evolutionarily-conserved promoter allele governs HMG-CoA reductase expression in spontaneously hypertensive rat.
A-family anti-inflammatory cyclopentenone prostaglandins: A novel class of non-statin inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase.
Title: A-family anti-inflammatory cyclopentenone prostaglandins: A novel class of non-statin inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase.
This study is aiming to investigate the inhibition role of quercetin on hydroxy methyl glutarate - CoA reductase activity and its gene for attenuating hypercholesterolemia.
Title: Regulation of hepatic hydroxy methyl glutarate - CoA reductase for controlling hypercholesterolemia in rats.
findings demonstrate for the first time that strain-dependent sex difference in serum Total Cholesterol level between F344 and SD rats is, at least in part, related to difference in the IL-1alpha-mediated HMGR gene expression level in the liver.
Title: Involvement of hepatic IL-1 in the strain-dependent sex differences in serum total cholesterol levels in rats.
HMGCR expression is reduced in the liver of rats exposed to simvaglyzin and atorvaglyzin.
Title: Effects of simvaglyzin and atorvaglyzin on the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase in rat liver.
Capsaicinoids consumption down-regulated the mRNA levels of HMG-CoA reductase and CYP7A1 in the cholesterol-free diet group but up-regulated the CYP7A1 level in the cholesterol-enriched diet group.
Title: Hypocholesterolemic effect of capsaicinoids in rats fed diets with or without cholesterol.
investigated 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and LDLr in adult (3-month-old) and aged (12-month-old) male and female rats in four different brain regions
Title: Analysis of the protein network of cholesterol homeostasis in different brain regions: an age and sex dependent perspective.
These findings indicate a role for TTP in the insulin-mediated activation of hepatic HMGR transcription.
Title: Involvement of tristetraprolin in transcriptional activation of hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase by insulin.
beta-ionone may inhibit cell proliferation and modulate HMGCoA reductase during rat hepatocarcinogenesis promotion.
Title: Chemopreventive effects of β-ionone and geraniol during rat hepatocarcinogenesis promotion: distinct actions on cell proliferation, apoptosis, HMGCoA reductase, and RhoA.
correlation between estrogen and HMGR short-term regulation suggests the presence of another mechanism underlying the protective role of estrogen in age-related diseases
Title: Hypercholesterolemia and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase regulation in aged female rats.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (21)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH129199 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:212507

MARC_52793-52794:1149879463:1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:525340

Hmgcr (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:526740

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTPase regulator activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase regulator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables NADP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables NADPH binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables NADPH binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables coenzyme A binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables coenzyme A binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein phosphatase 2A binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cholesterol biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cholesterol biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cholesterol biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cholesterol homeostasis	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in coenzyme A metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in isoprenoid biosynthetic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in isoprenoid biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in long-term synaptic potentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within long-term synaptic potentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in myoblast differentiation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of MAP kinase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein secretion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of vasoconstriction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to cholesterol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ethanol	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient levels	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in sterol biosynthetic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in triglyceride homeostasis	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in ubiquinone metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in visual learning	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within visual learning	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in peroxisomal membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in peroxisomal membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in peroxisomal membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in peroxisomal membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase

Names: HMG-CoA reductase

NP_037266.2

EC 1.1.1.34

XP_006231888.1

EC 1.1.1.34

XP_063137446.1

EC 1.1.1.34

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_013134.2 → NP_037266.2 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_037266.2

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

BC064654

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P51639, Q64601, Q6P2A6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8L2QCN8, A6I512

Related

ENSRNOP00000096084.2, ENSRNOT00000101787.2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00643
Location:464 → 870

HMG-CoA_reductase_classI; Class I hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR)

TIGR00920
Location:1 → 887

2A060605; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase

cl21543
Location:88 → 218

MMPL; MMPL family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCr8

Genomic

NC_086020.1 Reference GRCr8

Range

29732163..29754276 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_063281376.1 → XP_063137446.1 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8I6AV02

Related

ENSRNOP00000097467.1, ENSRNOT00000096437.2
XM_006231826.5 → XP_006231888.1 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase isoform X1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8I6AUL2, A0A8L2QCN8

Related

ENSRNOP00000087297.2, ENSRNOT00000112347.2

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00643
Location:474 → 880

HMG-CoA_reductase_classI; Class I hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR)

TIGR00920
Location:11 → 897

2A060605; 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase

cl21543
Location:98 → 228

MMPL; MMPL family