S100A9 S100 calcium binding protein A9 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: S100A9provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: S100 calcium binding protein A9provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:10499
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000163220 MIM:123886; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10499
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: MIF; NIF; P14; CAGB; CFAG; CGLB; L1AG; LIAG; MRP14; 60B8AG; MAC387; S100-A9
Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in the inhibition of casein kinase and altered expression of this protein is associated with the disease cystic fibrosis. This antimicrobial protein exhibits antifungal and antibacterial activity. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
Expression: Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 7440.5), esophagus (RPKM 5956.4) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q21.3

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (153357854..153361023)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (152495082..152498250)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (153330330..153333499)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Elevated levels of damage-associated molecular patterns HMGB1 and S100A8/A9 coupled with toll-like receptor-triggered monocyte activation are associated with inflammation in patients with myelofibrosis.
Title: Elevated levels of damage-associated molecular patterns HMGB1 and S100A8/A9 coupled with toll-like receptor-triggered monocyte activation are associated with inflammation in patients with myelofibrosis.
Dysregulated S100A9 Expression Impairs Matrix Deposition in Chronic Wounds.
Title: Dysregulated S100A9 Expression Impairs Matrix Deposition in Chronic Wounds.
Association study of S100A9 gene polymorphisms with Parkinson's disease risk and age of disease onset.
Title: Association study of S100A9 gene polymorphisms with Parkinson's disease risk and age of disease onset.
S100A9 and HMGB1 orchestrate MDSC-mediated immunosuppression in melanoma through TLR4 signaling.
Title: S100A9 and HMGB1 orchestrate MDSC-mediated immunosuppression in melanoma through TLR4 signaling.
Netrin-1-CD146 and netrin-1-S100A9 are associated with early stage of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer.
Title: Netrin-1-CD146 and netrin-1-S100A9 are associated with early stage of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer.
Usp14 deficiency removes alpha-synuclein by regulating S100A8/A9 in Parkinson's disease.
Title: Usp14 deficiency removes α-synuclein by regulating S100A8/A9 in Parkinson's disease.
S100A9 Exacerbates the Inflammation in Rosacea through Toll-Like Receptor 4/MyD88/NF-kappaB Signaling Pathway.
Title: S100A9 Exacerbates the Inflammation in Rosacea through Toll-Like Receptor 4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.
Overexpressing S100A9 ameliorates NK cell dysfunction in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
Title: Overexpressing S100A9 ameliorates NK cell dysfunction in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
Association Between Clinicopathological Parameters and S100A8/A9 Expression According to Smoking History in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Title: Association Between Clinicopathological Parameters and S100A8/A9 Expression According to Smoking History in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
METTL3/16-mediated m[6]A modification of ZNNT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating ZNNT1/osteopontin/S100A9 positive feedback loop-mediated crosstalk between macrophages and tumour cells.
Title: METTL3/16-mediated m(6)A modification of ZNNT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating ZNNT1/osteopontin/S100A9 positive feedback loop-mediated crosstalk between macrophages and tumour cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (530)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction	Pubs
Clinical HIV-1 infection decreases S100A9 in blood plasma of patients with symptomatic neurocognitive disorders	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D1S3414 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:29725

GDB:387149 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:157155

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables RAGE receptor binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables Toll-like receptor 4 binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables antioxidant activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables arachidonate binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables calcium ion binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables calcium ion binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables calcium-dependent protein binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables microtubule binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in astrocyte development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in autocrine signaling	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in autophagy	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cell-cell signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in chronic inflammatory response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in defense response to bacterium	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to fungus	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in endothelial cell migration	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in inflammatory response	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in innate immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in modulation of process of another organism	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neutrophil aggregation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in neutrophil aggregation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neutrophil chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in neutrophil chemotaxis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in peptidyl-cysteine S-trans-nitrosylation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell growth	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of inflammatory response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of neuron projection development	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of cytoskeleton organization	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in sequestering of zinc ion	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of S100A9 complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of calprotectin complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of calprotectin complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoskeleton	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in secretory granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: protein S100-A9

Names: MRP-14; calgranulin B; calprotectin L1H subunit; leukocyte L1 complex heavy chain; migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_002965.4 → NP_002956.1 protein S100-A9

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002956.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

BC047681, X06233

Consensus CDS

CCDS1036.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D3DV36, P06702, Q6FGA1, Q9NYM0, Q9UCJ1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B2R4M6

Related

ENSP00000357727.3, ENST00000368738.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd05030
Location:6 → 94

calgranulins; Calgranulins: S-100 domain found in proteins belonging to the Calgranulin subgroup of the S100 family of EF-hand calcium-modulated proteins, including S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 . Note that the S-100 hierarchy, to which this Calgranulin group belongs, ...