Mlx MAX-like protein X [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Mlxprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: MAX-like protein Xprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:108398
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000017801 AllianceGenome:MGI:108398
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Tf4; Tcfl4; bHLHd13
Summary: Enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding activity. Involved in positive regulation of glycolytic process; positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; and positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose. Acts upstream of or within nucleocytoplasmic transport. Located in cytoplasm. Is active in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; central nervous system; eye; genitourinary system; and immune system. Used to study oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Takayasu's arteritis. Orthologous to human MLX (MAX dimerization protein MLX). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in large intestine adult (RPKM 31.8), colon adult (RPKM 18.8) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11 D; 11 64.18 cM

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	11	NC_000077.7 (100978116..100983033)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	11	NC_000077.6 (101086707..101092207)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The glucose-sensing transcription factor MLX balances metabolism and stress to suppress apoptosis and maintain spermatogenesis.
Title: The glucose-sensing transcription factor MLX balances metabolism and stress to suppress apoptosis and maintain spermatogenesis.
MLX promotes myogenesis not via an adjustment of glucose metabolism but rather by inducing the expression of several myokines, including insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)
Title: The glucose-sensing transcription factor MLX promotes myogenesis via myokine signaling.
Glucose is required at two additional steps to stimulate the transcription activation function of MondoA-Mlx complexes.
Title: Glucose controls nuclear accumulation, promoter binding, and transcriptional activity of the MondoA-Mlx heterodimer.
Overexpression of dominant negative Mlx improves glucose intolerance by inhibiting expression not only of lipogenic enzymes but also other important genes such as Glucose-6-phosphatase and Elovl6.
Title: Hepatic overexpression of dominant negative Mlx improves metabolic profile in diabetes-prone C57BL/6J mice.

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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1)
Targeted (4) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-53165 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:46120

C79099 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:185913

MLX (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:511889

RH136418 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:210408

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein dimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein heterodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein homodimerization activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within nucleocytoplasmic transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of glycolytic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nuclear membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: max-like protein X

Names: BigMax alpha; MAX-like bHLHZIP protein; protein BigMax; transcription factor-like 4; transcription factor-like protein 4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001159384.1 → NP_001152856.1 max-like protein X isoform alpha

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001152856.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the shortest isoform (alpha).

Source sequence(s)

AF213670, AK011478, AK142605, BI202547, CK620266

Consensus CDS

CCDS48936.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A2BFB2, Q3UQB4

Related

ENSMUSP00000102924.4, ENSMUST00000107303.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19687
Location:45 → 121

bHLHzip_Mlx; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-like protein X (Mlx) and similar proteins
NM_001159385.1 → NP_001152857.1 max-like protein X isoform beta

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001152857.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an additional coding exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (beta) thus, is longer than isoform alpha encoded by variant 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF213671, AK011478, AK142605, BI202547, CK620266

Consensus CDS

CCDS48935.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A2BFB1, Q3UQB4

Related

ENSMUSP00000102923.2, ENSMUST00000107302.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19687
Location:75 → 151

bHLHzip_Mlx; basic Helix-Loop-Helix-zipper (bHLHzip) domain found in Max-like protein X (Mlx) and similar proteins
NM_001425465.1 → NP_001412394.1 max-like protein X isoform 4

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

BX255926

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O08609, Q9EQJ7, Q9EQJ8

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q8K0H8
NM_001425466.1 → NP_001412395.1 max-like protein X isoform 5

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

BX255926

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q3UQB4
NM_011550.3 → NP_035680.3 max-like protein X isoform gamma

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_035680.3

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains two additional segments in the coding region compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (gamma) thus, is longer than isoform alpha encoded by variant 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF213672, AK011478, AK142605, BI202547, CK620266

Consensus CDS

CCDS25447.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O08609, Q9EQJ7, Q9EQJ8

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A2BFB0, Q8K0H8

Related

ENSMUSP00000017945.9, ENSMUST00000017945.15

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00010
Location:130 → 188

HLH; Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain