Crxos cone-rod homeobox, opposite strand [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Crxosprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: cone-rod homeobox, opposite strandprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:2451355
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000074365 AllianceGenome:MGI:2451355
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Egam1; Crxos1
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific. Involved in several processes, including embryonic placenta development; positive regulation of stem cell differentiation; and regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Acts upstream of or within blastocyst hatching. Is active in nucleus. Is expressed in central nervous system; early conceptus; retina; and testis. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
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Genomic context

Location:: 7 A2; 7 8.6 cM

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	7	NC_000073.7 (15616542..15637945)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	7	NC_000073.6 (15882617..15904030)

Chromosome 7 - NC_000073.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Expression of EGAM1N could inhibit differentiation by elevating the protein levels of pluripotency factors in mouse ES cells.
Title: Partial inhibition of differentiation associated with elevated protein levels of pluripotency factors in mouse embryonic stem cells expressing exogenous EGAM1N homeoprotein.
Nuclear localization of exogenously expressed EGAM1 homeoproteins (EGAM1, EGAM1N, and EGAM1C) was determined. The amino acid residues crucial for the nuclear translocation of EGAM1 and EGAM1C were identified.
Title: Intact structure of EGAM1 homeoproteins and basic amino acid residues in the common homeodomain of EGAM1 and EGAM1C contribute to their nuclear localization in mouse embryonic stem cells.
embryonic stem cells expressing exogenous EGAM1 preferentially differentiate into extra-embryonic primitive endoderm lineages, rather than embryonic lineages or extra-embryonic trophectoderm lineages
Title: Preferential emergence of cell types expressing markers for primitive endoderm lineages in mouse embryonic stem cells expressing exogenous EGAM1 homeoprotein.
The generation of cardiomyocytes was severely suppressed in Egam1c transfectants without upregulation of Nkx2-5, a crucial gene for cardiomyogenesis. These results indicate that EGAM1C is capable of affecting terminal differentiation in mouse ES cells.
Title: Severe inhibition of in vitro cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells ectopically expressing EGAM1C homeoprotein.
mouse ES cells expressing exogenous EGAM1 preferentially differentiate into extra-embryonic primitive endoderm lineages, rather than embryonic lineages or extra-embryonic trophectoderm lineages.
Title: Preferential emergence of cell types expressing markers for primitive endoderm lineages in mouse embryonic stem cells expressing exogenous EGAM1 homeoprotein.
capable of affecting the stabilization of an undifferentiated state and the progression of differentiation in MG1.19 embryonic stem cells
Title: Effect of ectopic expression of homeoprotein EGAM1C on the cell morphology, growth, and differentiation in a mouse embryonic stem cell line, MG1.19 cells.
the ectopic expression of EGAM1C is capable of affecting the stabilization of an undifferentiated state and the progression of differentiation in MG1.19 ES cells, in addition to affecting cellular morphology and growth.
Title: Effect of ectopic expression of homeoprotein EGAM1C on the cell morphology, growth, and differentiation in a mouse embryonic stem cell line, MG1.19 cells.
EGAM1C may play a role in the expression of members of the placental PRL gene family, such as Prl3b1 and Prl5a1.
Title: Relationships between homeoprotein EGAM1C and the expression of the placental prolactin gene family in mouse placentae and trophoblast stem cells.
these transcripts encoding homeoproteins are capable of regulating the maintenance and/or differentiation of mouse ES cells and likely regulate that of preimplantation embryos.
Title: Cloning of complementary DNAs encoding structurally related homeoproteins from preimplantation mouse embryos: their involvement in the differentiation of embryonic stem cells.
this is the first delineation of the physiological role of CrxOS in ES cells.
Title: CrxOS maintains the self-renewal capacity of murine embryonic stem cells.

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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (1)

General gene information

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Markers

RH126855 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:209751

116J6.1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:243329

Crxos1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:527026

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:236212

RH136407 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:210397

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within blastocyst hatching	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in embryonic placenta development	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of stem cell differentiation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in stem cell population maintenance	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: homeobox protein Crxos

Names: Crx opposite strand transcript 1; cone-rod homeobox, opposite strand protein; expressing gene at morula stage protein 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001033638.3 → NP_001028810.1 homeobox protein Crxos isoform a

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001028810.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (a, also known as Egam1).

Source sequence(s)

AC148990

Consensus CDS

CCDS20841.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B6ZND8, B6ZND9, Q3UL53

Related

ENSMUST00000098801.9

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd00086
Location:127 → 179

homeodomain; Homeodomain; DNA binding domains involved in the transcriptional regulation of key eukaryotic developmental processes; may bind to DNA as monomers or as homo- and/or heterodimers, in a sequence-specific manner.

pfam00046
Location:20 → 61

Homeobox; Homeobox domain
NM_001145190.3 → NP_001138662.1 homeobox protein Crxos isoform b

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001138662.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at an alternate start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b, also known as Egam1C) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

AC148990

Consensus CDS

CCDS57498.1

Related

ENSMUST00000171280.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00086
Location:23 → 75

homeodomain; Homeodomain; DNA binding domains involved in the transcriptional regulation of key eukaryotic developmental processes; may bind to DNA as monomers or as homo- and/or heterodimers, in a sequence-specific manner.
NM_001205274.2 → NP_001192203.1 homeobox protein Crxos isoform c

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001192203.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (c, also known as Egam1N) has a distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

AC148990

Consensus CDS

CCDS57497.1

Related

ENSMUST00000150050.3

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam00046
Location:20 → 61

Homeobox; Homeobox domain

RNA

NR_038092.2 RNA Sequence

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) has multiple differences compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because it lacks a large portion of the coding region, including the translational start codon, found in variant 1.

Source sequence(s)

AC148990

Related

ENSMUST00000125993.8