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    TRIM68 tripartite motif containing 68 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 55128, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    TRIM68provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    tripartite motif containing 68provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:21161
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000167333 MIM:613184; AllianceGenome:HGNC:21161
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    SS56; GC109; SS-56; RNF137
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the tripartite motif-containing protein family, whose members are characterized by a "really interesting new gene" (RING) finger domain, a zinc-binding B-box motif, and a coiled-coil region. Members of this family function as E3 ubiquitin ligases and are involved in a broad range of biological processes. This gene regulates the activation of nuclear receptors, such as androgen receptor, and has been implicated in development of prostate cancer cells, where its expression increases in response to a downregulation of microRNAs. In addition, this gene participates in viral defense regulation as a negative regulator of interferon-beta. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in thyroid (RPKM 4.1), prostate (RPKM 3.9) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See TRIM68 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    11p15.4
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 11 NC_000011.10 (4598672..4608231, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 11 NC_060935.1 (4663962..4673521, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 11 NC_000011.9 (4619902..4629461, complement)

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene olfactory receptor family 52 subfamily I member 2 Neighboring gene olfactory receptor family 52 subfamily I member 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3095 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3096 Neighboring gene olfactory receptor family 51 subfamily D member 1 Neighboring gene olfactory receptor family 51 subfamily E member 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Melanoma inhibitor of apoptosis protein (ML-IAP) specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes cross-react with an epitope from the auto-antigen SS56. Baek Sørensen R, et al. J Invest Dermatol, 2009 Aug. PMID 19212346
    2. SS-56, a novel cellular target of autoantibody responses in Sjögren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Billaut-Mulot O, et al. J Clin Invest, 2001 Sep. PMID 11560955, Free PMC Article
    3. A novel gene on human chromosome 2p24 is differentially expressed between androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Chang GT, et al. Eur J Cancer, 2001 Nov. PMID 11597395
    4. Epigenetic deregulation of miR-29a and miR-1256 by isoflavone contributes to the inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth and invasion. Li Y, et al. Epigenetics, 2012 Aug. PMID 22805767, Free PMC Article
    5. Tripartite motif-containing 68-stabilized modulator of apoptosis-1 retards the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer. Xu X, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2023 Mar 12. PMID 36724555

    See all (32) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Tripartite motif-containing 68-stabilized modulator of apoptosis-1 retards the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer.
      Title: Tripartite motif-containing 68-stabilized modulator of apoptosis-1 retards the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer.
    2. TRIM68 targets TFG, a novel regulator of IFN production, and in doing so turns off and limits type I IFN production in response to anti-viral detection systems
      Title: TRIM68 negatively regulates IFN-β production by degrading TRK fused gene, a novel driver of IFN-β downstream of anti-viral detection systems.
    3. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Genome-wide linkage scans for type 2 diabetes mellitus in four ethnically diverse populations-significant evidence for linkage on chromosome 4q in African Americans: the Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes Research Group.
    4. TRIM68 functions as a cofactor for AR-mediated transcription and is likely to be a novel diagnostic tool and a potentially therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
      Title: TRIM68 regulates ligand-dependent transcription of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ10369, MGC126176

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables histone acetyltransferase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables nuclear androgen receptor binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables ubiquitin-protein transferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in innate immune response IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in protein autoubiquitination IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of gene expression IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi apparatus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in cytosol IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleolus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM68
    Names
    RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase TRIM68
    Ro/SSA1 related protein
    SSA protein SS-56
    ring finger protein 137
    tripartite motif-containing protein 68
    NP_001291425.1
    NP_060543.5

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001304496.2 → NP_001291425.1  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM68 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001291425.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the 5' coding region compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) uses a downstream start codon and has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC090719
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q6AZZ1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd13733
      Location:81 → 256
      SPRY_PRY_C-I_1; PRY/SPRY domain in tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins, including TRIM5, TRIM6, TRIM7, TRIM10, TRIM11, TRIM17, TRIM20, TRIM21, TRIM27, TRIM35, TRIM38, TRIM41, TRIM50, TRIM58, TRIM60, TRIM62, TRIM69, TRIM72, NF7 and bloodthirsty

    2. NM_018073.8 → NP_060543.5  E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM68 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_060543.5

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC090719
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS31356.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6NI19, A8K551, B3KPM5, B4DVK4, Q6AZZ1, Q8WZ70, Q96LE5, Q96PF7, Q9H9C2, Q9NW18
      Related
      ENSP00000300747.5, ENST00000300747.10
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00021
      Location:96 → 134
      BBOX; B-Box-type zinc finger; zinc binding domain (CHC3H2); often present in combination with other motifs, like RING zinc finger, NHL motif, coiled-coil or RFP domain in functionally unrelated proteins, most likely mediating protein-protein interaction.
      pfam15227
      Location:16 → 60
      zf-C3HC4_4; zinc finger of C3HC4-type, RING
      cd13733
      Location:304 → 479
      SPRY_PRY_C-I_1; PRY/SPRY domain in tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins, including TRIM5, TRIM6, TRIM7, TRIM10, TRIM11, TRIM17, TRIM20, TRIM21, TRIM27, TRIM35, TRIM38, TRIM41, TRIM50, TRIM58, TRIM60, TRIM62, TRIM69, TRIM72, NF7 and bloodthirsty

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      4598672..4608231 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      4663962..4673521 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q6AZZ1.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q6AZZ1

    Gene LinkOut

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