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    CRH corticotropin releasing hormone [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 1392, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    CRHprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    corticotropin releasing hormoneprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:2355
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000147571 MIM:122560; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2355
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    CRF; CRH1
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor family. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature neuropeptide hormone. In response to stress, this hormone is secreted by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, binds to corticotropin releasing hormone receptors and stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone from the pituitary gland. Marked reduction in this protein has been observed in association with Alzheimer's disease. Autosomal recessive hypothalamic corticotropin deficiency has multiple and potentially fatal metabolic consequences including hypoglycemia and hepatitis. In addition to production in the hypothalamus, this protein is also synthesized in peripheral tissues, such as T lymphocytes, and is highly expressed in the placenta. In the placenta it is a marker that determines the length of gestation and the timing of parturition and delivery. A rapid increase in circulating levels of the hormone occurs at the onset of parturition, suggesting that, in addition to its metabolic functions, this protein may act as a trigger for parturition. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
    Expression
    Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 2.8), fat (RPKM 0.8) and 2 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See CRH in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    8q13.1
    Exon count:
    2
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 8 NC_000008.11 (66176376..66178464, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 8 NC_060932.1 (66602063..66612357, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 8 NC_000008.10 (67088611..67090699, complement)

    Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancers GRCh37_chr8:67025273-67025924 and GRCh37_chr8:67025925-67026577 Neighboring gene tRNA-Tyr (anticodon GTA) 5-2 Neighboring gene tRNA-Ala (anticodon AGC) 8-2 Neighboring gene tripartite motif containing 55 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr8:67035753-67036952 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr8:67038910-67039182 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27476 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC112268029 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901954 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:67098699-67099309 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 967

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (23 hits/1256 screens)

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide study of gene variants associated with differential cardiovascular event reduction by pravastatin therapy.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Items 1 - 25 of 49
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in adrenal gland development  
    involved_in associative learning  
    involved_in cellular response to cocaine  
    involved_in cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus  
    involved_in chemical synaptic transmission PubMed 
    involved_in diterpenoid metabolic process  
    involved_in female pregnancy PubMed 
    involved_in glucocorticoid biosynthetic process  
    involved_in hormone-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway  
    involved_in hypothalamus development  
    involved_in inflammatory response PubMed 
    involved_in learning or memory PubMed 
    involved_in locomotory exploration behavior  
    involved_in long-term synaptic potentiation  
    involved_in lung development  
    involved_in monoatomic ion homeostasis  
    involved_in negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of epinephrine secretion  
    involved_in negative regulation of gene expression  
    involved_in negative regulation of glucagon secretion  
    involved_in negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion  
    involved_in negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion  
    involved_in negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure  
    involved_in neuron apoptotic process  
    involved_in parturition PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of behavioral fear response  
    involved_in positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling  
    involved_in positive regulation of calcium ion import  
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of corticosterone secretion  
    involved_in positive regulation of corticotropin secretion PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cortisol secretion  
    involved_in positive regulation of cortisol secretion PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of digestive system process  
    involved_in positive regulation of gene expression  
    involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus  
    involved_in regulation of NMDA receptor activity PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of serotonin secretion  
    involved_in response to aldosterone  
    involved_in response to corticosterone  
    involved_in response to estrogen  
    involved_in response to ethanol  
    involved_in response to ether  
    involved_in response to immobilization stress  
    involved_in response to pain  
    involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus  
    involved_in signal transduction PubMed 
    involved_in synaptic transmission, dopaminergic PubMed 
    Items 1 - 25 of 49
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region  
    is_active_in extracellular space  
    located_in extracellular space PubMed 
    located_in neuronal dense core vesicle lumen  
    located_in perikaryon  
    located_in synapse  
    located_in varicosity  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    corticoliberin
    Names
    corticotropin-releasing factor

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_016127.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5000..7088
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000756.4 → NP_000747.1  corticoliberin preproprotein

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000747.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC090195, AK075431
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS6188.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KQS4, P06850
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0S2Z478
      Related
      ENSP00000276571.3, ENST00000276571.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00473
      Location:157 → 194
      CRF; Corticotropin-releasing factor family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000008.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      66176376..66178464 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060932.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      66602063..66612357 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054359802.1 → XP_054215777.1  corticoliberin isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KQS4, P06850
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0S2Z478
    2. XM_054359801.1 → XP_054215776.1  corticoliberin isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KQS4, P06850
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0S2Z478
    3. XM_054359803.1 → XP_054215778.1  corticoliberin isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B3KQS4, P06850
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0S2Z478
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