TAF9 TATA-box binding protein associated factor 9 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: TAF9provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: TATA-box binding protein associated factor 9provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:11542
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000273841 MIM:600822; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11542
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: TAF2G; TAFII31; TAFII32; MGC:5067; TAFII-31; TAFII-32; TAFIID32; STAF31/32
Summary: Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the smaller subunits of TFIID that binds to the basal transcription factor GTF2B as well as to several transcriptional activators such as p53 and VP16. In human, TAF9 and AK6 (GeneID: 102157402) are two distinct genes that share 5' exons. A similar but distinct gene (TAF9L) has been found on the X chromosome and a pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 19. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]
Expression: Broad expression in testis (RPKM 60.1), bone marrow (RPKM 34.1) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 5q13.2

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	5	NC_000005.10 (69364743..69369824, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	5	NC_060929.1 (70190530..70195609, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	5	NC_000005.9 (68660570..68665651, complement)

Chromosome 5 - NC_000005.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Human cytomegalovirus pp65 peptide-induced autoantibodies cross-reacts with TAF9 protein and induces lupus-like autoimmunity in BALB/c mice.
Title: Human cytomegalovirus pp65 peptide-induced autoantibodies cross-reacts with TAF9 protein and induces lupus-like autoimmunity in BALB/c mice.
TAF9 directly binds HCA587/MAGEC2 through its CR domain, suggesting that HCA587/MAGEC2 may involve in TAF9 binding with DNA to regulate certain genes transcription.
Title: Cancer‑testis antigen HCA587/MAGEC2 interacts with the general transcription coactivator TAF9 in cancer cells.
findings suggest that p53 sequesters TAF9 from GLI1, which may contribute to inhibition of GLI1 activity by p53
Title: p53 modulates the activity of the GLI1 oncogene through interactions with the shared coactivator TAF9.
TFIID TAF6-TAF9 complex formation involves the HEAT repeat-containing C-terminal domain of TAF6 and is modulated by TAF5 protein.
Title: TFIID TAF6-TAF9 complex formation involves the HEAT repeat-containing C-terminal domain of TAF6 and is modulated by TAF5 protein.
Multiple hTAF(II)31-binding motifs in the intrinsically unfolded transcriptional activation domain of VP16.
Title: Multiple hTAF(II)31-binding motifs in the intrinsically unfolded transcriptional activation domain of VP16.
TAF9 functionally supports EKLF activity by enhancing its ability to activate the beta-globin gene. TAF9 interacts with a conserved beta-globin downstream promoter element
Title: Distinct modes of gene regulation by a cell-specific transcriptional activator.
suggest a novel STAF65gamma-dependent function of STAGA-type complexes in cell proliferation and transcription activation by MYC postloading of TFIID and RNA polymerase II that involves direct recruitment of core Mediator
Title: STAGA recruits Mediator to the MYC oncoprotein to stimulate transcription and cell proliferation.
IL-1-inducible phosphorylation of p65 NFkB is mediated by multiple protein kinases including IKKalpha, IKKbeta, IKKepsilon, TBK1, and an unknown kinase and couples p65 to TAFII31-mediated IL-8 transcription
Title: Constitutive and interleukin-1-inducible phosphorylation of p65 NF-{kappa}B at serine 536 is mediated by multiple protein kinases including I{kappa}B kinase (IKK)-{alpha}, IKK{beta}, IKK{epsilon}, TRAF family member-associated (TANK)-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), and an unknown kinase and couples p65 to TATA-binding protein-associated factor II31-mediated interleukin-8 transcription.
histone fold domain mediated interaction enhances the DNA binding activity of each of the TAF6-TAF9 and TAF4b-TAF12 pairs and of a histone-like octamer complex composed of the four TAFs
Title: Core promoter binding by histone-like TAF complexes.
TAF9 depletion severely disrupts TFIID, indicating that the observed ongoing transcription is initiated with at least partially TAF-free TATA-binding protein.
Title: In vivo functional analysis of the histone 3-like TAF9 and a TAF9-related factor, TAF9L.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Tat	tat	Interaction of TFIID with the HIV-1 LTR, and therefore presumably HIV-1 Tat protein, is primarily dependent on the LTR TATA element and may also be stabilized or regulated by flanking E box motifs and basic helix-loop-helix proteins such as AP-4 and E47	PubMed
	tat	TATA binding protein (TBP)-associated factors (TAFs) in the TFIID complex are required for activation by transcription factors, but are dispensable for HIV-1 Tat LTR transactivation function	PubMed
	tat	A novel function of LBP-1, restricting HIV-1 transcription at the level of elongation by preventing the binding of TFIID to the promoter, is suppressed by HIV-1 Tat, indicating Tat helps recruit TFIID to the HIV-1 LTR	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat stabilizes the interaction of TFIIA with TFIID, and TFIIA and TFIID are required to reconstitute Tat-specific and TAR-dependent activation of HIV transcription in vitro	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat binds, through amino acids 36-50, directly to the TBP subunit of the TFIID holoenzyme complex (which includes at least TFIID subunits p250, p125, p70, TBP, and p30), and increases the interaction of TFIID with the HIV-1 LTR promoter	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

G27424 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:7690

SHGC-31594 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:60958

STS-AA031332 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:1325

GDB:595828 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:158029

GDB:631813 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:158430

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATPase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables C2H2 zinc finger domain binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
contributes_to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
contributes_to histone acetyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables p53 binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein heterodimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables transcription coactivator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables transcription coactivator activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in DNA damage response	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
involved_in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in box C/D snoRNP assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in chromatin remodeling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of response to cytokine stimulus	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein stabilization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA repair	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of RNA splicing	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in response to L-glutamate	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to interleukin-1	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of MLL1 complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of SAGA complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of SAGA complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of SAGA complex	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in nucleoplasm	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in nucleus	EXP Inferred from Experiment more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
part_of pre-snoRNP complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription factor TFIID complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of transcription factor TFIID complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription factor TFIID complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of transcription factor TFIID complex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
part_of transcription factor TFTC complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of transcription factor TFTC complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription factor TFTC complex	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9

Names: RNA polymerase II TBP-associated factor subunit G; TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa; transcription initiation factor TFIID 31 kD subunit; transcription initiation factor TFIID 31 kDa subunit; transcription initiation factor TFIID 32 kDa subunit

NP_001015892.1

EC 2.7.4.3

NP_003178.1

EC 2.7.4.3

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001015892.2 → NP_001015892.1 transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001015892.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (4) represents the longer transcript. Both variants 4 and 1 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AC145132, BC003400, CX784292

Consensus CDS

CCDS4002.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D3DWA3, Q16594, Q5U0D1, Q9BTS1

Related

ENSP00000370193.1, ENST00000328663.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam02291
Location:9 → 130

TFIID-31kDa; Transcription initiation factor IID, 31kD subunit
NM_003187.5 → NP_003178.1 transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003178.1

Status: VALIDATED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 4. Both variants 4 and 1 encode the same protein.

Source sequence(s)

AC145132, BC003400, BG490028, BG720149

Consensus CDS

CCDS4002.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

D3DWA3, Q16594, Q5U0D1, Q9BTS1

Related

ENSP00000217893.7, ENST00000217893.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

pfam02291
Location:9 → 130

TFIID-31kDa; Transcription initiation factor IID, 31kD subunit