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    Gapdh glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 14433, updated on 3-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Gapdhprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:95640
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000057666 AllianceGenome:MGI:95640
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Gapd
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. The encoded protein was originally identified as a key glycolytic enzyme that converts D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Subsequent studies have assigned a variety of additional functions to the protein including nitrosylation of nuclear proteins, the regulation of mRNA stability, and acting as a transferrin receptor on the cell surface of macrophage. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Many pseudogenes similar to this locus are found throughout the mouse genome. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
    Annotation information
    Note: GeneID 14433 was annotated on chromosome 6 on NCBI's Build 36.1 and GeneID 407972 (then associated with the functional Gapdh) was not annotated. Sequences associated with GeneID 14433 also align to chromosome 2 A3, the location of a highly related Gapdh pseudogene that was not annotated on Build 36.1. To connect the nomenclature with the annotation, GeneID 14433 was merged with GeneID 407972 and it now represents the functional Gapdh gene on chromosome 6. The RefSeq for Gapdh is NM_008084 with NM_001001303.1 being secondary to it. The Gapdh pseudogene on chromosome 2 is now represented by GeneID 100033452 and the RefSeq NG_005903.1. [13 Feb 2013]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in placenta adult (RPKM 30.4), frontal lobe adult (RPKM 26.7) and 28 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See Gapdh in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    6 F2; 6 59.32 cM
    Exon count:
    8
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 6 NC_000072.7 (125138812..125143450, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 6 NC_000072.6 (125161852..125166467, complement)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000072.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E9675 Neighboring gene NOP2 nucleolar protein Neighboring gene intermediate filament family orphan 1 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_17330 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E2207 Neighboring gene non-SMC condensin I complex, subunit D2 Neighboring gene small Cajal body-specific RNA 10 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_17334 Neighboring gene mitochondrial ribosomal protein L51

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Variation

    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • MGC102544, MGC102546, MGC103190, MGC103191, MGC105239

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables NAD binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables NADP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables aspartic-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables disordered domain specific binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables enzyme binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables identical protein binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables microtubule binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables microtubule binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    enables peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cAMP-mediated signaling ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in canonical glycolysis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in canonical glycolysis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to type II interferon ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in defense response to fungus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in gluconeogenesis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in gluconeogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in glucose metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate biosynthetic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in glycolytic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in glycolytic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in glycolytic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in innate immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in killing by host of symbiont cells ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in killing of cells of another organism ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in microtubule cytoskeleton organization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in microtubule cytoskeleton organization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within multicellular organism development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of endopeptidase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of translation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of translation ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in neuron apoptotic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in neuron apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in nitric oxide mediated signal transduction ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in peptidyl-cysteine S-trans-nitrosylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of type I interferon production ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of type I interferon production ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in protein stabilization ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    involved_in protein stabilization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of translation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of GAIT complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    part_of GAIT complex ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in cytoskeleton IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    is_active_in cytosol IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    is_active_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    is_active_in glutamatergic synapse ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in late endosome lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in lipid droplet ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in microtubule cytoskeleton ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in microtubule cytoskeleton ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 
    located_in myelin sheath HDA PubMed 
    located_in nuclear membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    is_active_in postsynaptic density, intracellular component ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    part_of ribonucleoprotein complex ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
    Names
    peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH
    NP_001276655.1
    NP_001398769.1
    NP_001398770.1
    NP_001398771.1
    NP_001398772.1
    NP_001398773.1
    NP_001398774.1
    NP_032110.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001289726.2NP_001276655.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS80613.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0A0MQF6, A0A1D5RLD8, S4R1W1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000113942.3, ENSMUST00000117757.9
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      COG0057
      Location:27359
      GapA; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase/erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase [Carbohydrate transport and metabolism]
      pfam00044
      Location:28176
      Gp_dh_N; Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD binding domain
      pfam02800
      Location:181338
      Gp_dh_C; Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, C-terminal domain
    2. NM_001411840.1NP_001398769.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6H6A8, P16858, Q0QEU0, Q3THM2, Q3TUI2, Q3UMT2, Q4V783, Q569X2, Q569X5, Q5U410
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A1D5RLD8, D2KHZ9, S4R1W1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000073289.9, ENSMUST00000073605.15
    3. NM_001411841.1NP_001398770.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      S4R257
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000138508.2, ENSMUST00000183272.2
    4. NM_001411842.1NP_001398771.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      S4R257
    5. NM_001411843.1NP_001398772.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      S4R257
    6. NM_001411844.1NP_001398773.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      S4R257
    7. NM_001411845.1NP_001398774.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 3

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      S4R257
    8. NM_008084.4NP_032110.1  glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032110.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and uses a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC166162
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS51913.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A6H6A8, P16858, Q0QEU0, Q3THM2, Q3TUI2, Q3UMT2, Q4V783, Q569X2, Q569X5, Q5U410
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A1D5RLD8, D2KHZ9, S4R1W1
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000113213.2, ENSMUST00000118875.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      PLN02272
      Location:2330
      PLN02272; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000072.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      125138812..125143450 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)