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    imd immune deficiency [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 44339, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    imdprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    immune deficiencyprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0013983
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG5576
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0013983
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    anon-WO0172774.166; BG5; CG5576; Dmel\CG5576; dsIMD; Imd; IMd; IMD; shadok
    Summary
    Enables death domain binding activity. Involved in antibacterial humoral response and regulation of defense response. Is expressed in adult Malpighian tubule and organism. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
    all
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    Genomic context

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    See imd in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    55C8-55C8; 2-85 cM
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) 2R NT_033778.4 (18409796..18413599, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) 2R NT_033778.3 (14297301..14301104, complement)

    Chromosome 2R - NT_033778.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Glutathione S transferase E7 Neighboring gene Glutathione S transferase E8 Neighboring gene Glutathione S transferase E9 Neighboring gene Dodeca-satellite-binding protein 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class O Neighboring gene TRPL translocation defect 14

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Involvement of EnvZ-OmpR two-component system in virulence control of Escherichia coli in Drosophila melanogaster. Pukklay P, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2013 Aug 23. PMID 23886953
    2. Longitudinal monitoring of individual infection progression in Drosophila melanogaster. Ramirez-Corona BA, et al. iScience, 2022 Nov 18. PMID 36345341, Free PMC Article
    3. The nitric oxide scavenger cobinamide profoundly improves survival in a Drosophila melanogaster model of bacterial sepsis. Broderick KE, et al. FASEB J, 2006 Sep. PMID 16940158
    4. Functional analysis of the Drosophila immune response during aging. Ramsden S, et al. Aging Cell, 2008 Mar. PMID 18221416
    5. Dense time-course gene expression profiling of the Drosophila melanogaster innate immune response. Schlamp F, et al. BMC Genomics, 2021 Apr 26. PMID 33902461, Free PMC Article

    See all (468) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. IMD-mediated innate immune priming increases Drosophila survival and reduces pathogen transmission.
      Title: IMD-mediated innate immune priming increases Drosophila survival and reduces pathogen transmission.
    2. Relish-mediated C2H2 zinc finger protein IMZF restores Drosophila immune homeostasis via inhibiting the transcription of Imd/Tak1.
      Title: Relish-mediated C2H2 zinc finger protein IMZF restores Drosophila immune homeostasis via inhibiting the transcription of Imd/Tak1.
    3. Drosophila Myc restores immune homeostasis of Imd pathway via activating miR-277 to inhibit imd/Tab2.
      Title: Drosophila Myc restores immune homeostasis of Imd pathway via activating miR-277 to inhibit imd/Tab2.
    4. Invertebrate Iridescent Virus-6 is capable of inhibiting the two Drosophila NF-kappaB signaling pathways, Imd and Toll.
      Title: IIV-6 Inhibits NF-κB Responses in Drosophila.
    5. Data suggest that the immune deficiency protein (Imd)-Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) pathway is central to the intestinal antibacterial response by mediating both antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) production and the maintenance of barrier integrity.
      Title: Cell-Specific Imd-NF-κB Responses Enable Simultaneous Antibacterial Immunity and Intestinal Epithelial Cell Shedding upon Bacterial Infection.
    6. Protofibrils of peptidoglycan receptors PGRP-LC and PGRP-LE seed immune deficiency protein (Imd) amyloid polymerization via Imd RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM), and the formation of functional Imd amyloid fibril is required for NF-kappaB signaling.
      Title: Peptidoglycan-Sensing Receptors Trigger the Formation of Functional Amyloids of the Adaptor Protein Imd to Initiate Drosophila NF-κB Signaling.
    7. the IMD/Relish signaling pathway is a central regulator of microbiota-mediated transcriptional response
      Title: Drosophila microbiota modulates host metabolic gene expression via IMD/NF-κB signaling.
    8. interdomain cleavage of Dredd is not required for Imd or Relish processing and is not observed during immune stimulation
      Title: The caspase-8 homolog Dredd cleaves Imd and Relish but is not inhibited by p35.
    9. Faf inhibits the IMD pathway by modulating the state of Imd ubiquitination and/or stability.
      Title: fat facets induces polyubiquitination of Imd and inhibits the innate immune response in Drosophila.
    10. Using the Drosophila model and mutations in the Toll and Imd pathways, authors showed that neither pathway is required for expression of the dengue virus-blocking phenotype in the Drosophila host.
      Title: The toll and Imd pathways are not required for wolbachia-mediated dengue virus interference.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables death domain binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in antibacterial humoral response IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in humoral immune response IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in immune response IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in intracellular signal transduction TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway HMP PubMed 
    involved_in peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of antibacterial peptide production IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-negative bacteria HMP PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of defense response to virus by host IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of innate immune response IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in response to bacterium NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    immune deficiency
    Names
    CG5576-PA
    CG5576-PB
    imd-PA
    imd-PB
    immune deficient
    immunodeficiency

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NT_033778.4 Reference assembly

      Range
      18409796..18413599 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001299643.1 → NP_001286572.1  immune deficiency, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001286572.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q7K4Z4, Q9NHG0
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01670
      Location:180 → 260
      Death; Death Domain: a protein-protein interaction domain

    2. NM_133166.4 → NP_573394.1  immune deficiency, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_573394.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q7K4Z4, Q9NHG0
      Related
      FBpp0085904
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd01670
      Location:180 → 260
      Death; Death Domain: a protein-protein interaction domain
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q7K4Z4.1 Q7K4Z4

    Gene LinkOut

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