SLC22A16 solute carrier family 22 member 16 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: SLC22A16provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: solute carrier family 22 member 16provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:20302
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000004809 MIM:608276; AllianceGenome:HGNC:20302
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CT2; OAT6; OCT6; OKB1; FLIPT2; HEL-S-18; dJ261K5.1
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the organic zwitterion transporter protein family which transports carnitine. The encoded protein has also been shown to transport anticancer drugs like bleomycin (PMID: 20037140) successful treatment has been correlated with the level of activity of this transporter in tumor cells. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]
Expression: Biased expression in testis (RPKM 7.7) and bone marrow (RPKM 4.9) See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 6q21; 6q21-q22.1

Exon count:: 12

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	6	NC_000006.12 (110424687..110476613, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	6	NC_060930.1 (111603183..111655121, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	6	NC_000006.11 (110745890..110797816, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Variants of SLC22A16 Predict the Efficacy of Platinum Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.
Title: Variants of SLC22A16 Predict the Efficacy of Platinum Combination Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.
SLC22A16 DNA hypomethylation might be a compensation for DNA loss to maintain SLC22A16 elevation in GC. SLC22A16 might be a valuable prognostic marker in GC.
Title: SLC22A16 upregulation is an independent unfavorable prognostic indicator in gastric cancer.
Allele C of ABCB1 and allele A of SLC22A16 tended to have a greater association with grade 3/4 febrile neutropenia.
Title: Association of ABCB1 and SLC22A16 Gene Polymorphisms with Incidence of Doxorubicin-Induced Febrile Neutropenia: A Survey of Iranian Breast Cancer Patients.
Deletions in SLC22A16, a doxorubicin transporter, are associated with a failure to achieve event free survival in immunochemotherapy-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Title: Whole-exome analysis reveals novel somatic genomic alterations associated with outcome in immunochemotherapy-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
findings may greatly contribute to the elucidation of the roles of the Oct and Myc proteins in osteoblast direct reprogramming. The results may also lead to establishment of novel regenerative therapy for various bone resorption diseases
Title: Transduction of Oct6 or Oct9 gene concomitant with Myc family gene induced osteoblast-like phenotypic conversion in normal human fibroblasts.
Knockdown of CT2 reduced the growth and viability of acute myeloid leukemia cells with high expression of CT2 (OCI-AML2 and HL60), but not low expression. CT2 knockdown reduced basal oxygen consumption without a concomitant increase in glycolysis.
Title: Carnitine transporter CT2 (SLC22A16) is over-expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and target knockdown reduces growth and viability of AML cells.
Both gene and protein expression of OCT6 were decreased in both CDDP-resistant lung cancer cell lines compared with their expression in their respective parental cells.
Title: Organic cation transporter OCT6 mediates cisplatin uptake and resistance to cisplatin in lung cancer.
cytotoxic assays, stable transfectants of leukemic Jurkat cells overexpressing SLC22A16 cells became significantly more sensitive to doxorubicin
Title: Characterization of the organic cation transporter SLC22A16: a doxorubicin importer.
Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: A Large-scale genetic association study of esophageal adenocarcinoma risk.
Variant alleles in the ABCB1, SLC22A16 and CYP2B6 genes are associated with response to AC therapy in the treatment of breast cancer.
Title: Influence of pharmacogenetics on response and toxicity in breast cancer patients treated with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-143321 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:171854

G33056 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:117632

RH17540 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:52371

A010A38 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:16793

G17048 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:50109

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables amine transmembrane transporter activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables carnitine transmembrane transporter activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables carnitine transmembrane transporter activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acid secretion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in amine transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in carnitine transmembrane transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within carnitine transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in carnitine transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cell differentiation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in flagellated sperm motility	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in monoatomic ion transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in organic cation transport	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within organic cation transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in organic cation transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in single fertilization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in spermatogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in spermidine transmembrane transport	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: solute carrier family 22 member 16

Names: WUGSC:RG331P03.1; carnitine transporter 2; epididymis secretory protein Li 18; flipt 2; fly-like putative organic ion transporter 2; fly-like putative transporter 2; organic cation transporter 6; organic cation transporter OKB1; organic cation/carnitine transporter 6; solute carrier family 22 (organic cation transporter), member 16; solute carrier family 22 (organic cation/carnitine transporter), member 16

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_033125.4 → NP_149116.2 solute carrier family 22 member 16

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_149116.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AI632467, BC047565

Consensus CDS

CCDS5084.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

O14567, Q5JXM1, Q86VW1, Q8IUG8, Q8IZD5, Q96M90, Q96RU0

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0K0K1K9

Related

ENSP00000357915.3, ENST00000368919.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl26863
Location:14 → 535

Sugar_tr; Sugar (and other) transporter

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

110424687..110476613 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_011536211.3 → XP_011534513.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd06174
Location:193 → 365

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...
XM_047419435.1 → XP_047275391.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X9
XM_011536208.4 → XP_011534510.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd06174
Location:49 → 395

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...
XM_011536206.3 → XP_011534508.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X3

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd06174
Location:81 → 431

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...
XM_011536205.3 → XP_011534507.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

X6RE50

Related

ENSP00000395642.1, ENST00000451557.5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06174
Location:128 → 494

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...

TIGR00898
Location:14 → 506

2A0119; cation transport protein
XM_011536209.4 → XP_011534511.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd06174
Location:44 → 390

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...
XM_011536204.4 → XP_011534506.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011534506.1

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06174
Location:85 → 482

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...

TIGR00898
Location:1 → 492

2A0119; cation transport protein
XM_011536207.4 → XP_011534509.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd06174
Location:61 → 407

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...
XM_011536212.3 → XP_011534514.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd06174
Location:123 → 295

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...
XM_011536210.1 → XP_011534512.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C9JGT0

Related

ENSP00000416310.1, ENST00000437378.5

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06174
Location:128 → 288

MFS; The Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters that includes uniporters, symporters, and antiporters. MFS proteins facilitate the transport across cytoplasmic or internal membranes of a variety of ...

TIGR00898
Location:14 → 393

2A0119; cation transport protein

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

111603183..111655121 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_054356632.1 → XP_054212607.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X8
XM_054356629.1 → XP_054212604.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X5
XM_054356628.1 → XP_054212603.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X3
XM_054356630.1 → XP_054212605.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X6
XM_054356626.1 → XP_054212601.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X1
XM_054356634.1 → XP_054212609.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X10
XM_054356633.1 → XP_054212608.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X9
XM_054356627.1 → XP_054212602.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

X6RE50
XM_054356631.1 → XP_054212606.1 solute carrier family 22 member 16 isoform X7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C9JGT0