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    Scm Sex comb on midleg [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 41168, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Scmprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    Sex comb on midlegprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0003334
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG9495
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0003334
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    CG9495; Dmel\CG9495; l(3)85Ef; scm; SCM; Su(z)302
    Summary
    Enables PRC1 complex binding activity; identical protein binding activity; and sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including axonogenesis; follicle cell of egg chamber development; and regulation of gene expression. Located in nucleus and polytene chromosome. Is expressed in several structures, including adult head; ganglia; ovary; and presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system. Orthologous to human SCMH1 (Scm polycomb group protein homolog 1) and SCML2 (Scm polycomb group protein like 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

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    See Scm in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    85E2-85E2; 3-49 cM
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) 3R NT_033777.3 (9633359..9637611, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) 3R NT_033777.2 (5459081..5463333, complement)

    Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene stable intronic sequence RNA CR46357 Neighboring gene antisense RNA:CR45053 Neighboring gene Calreticulin Neighboring gene Spermidine Synthase Neighboring gene Diuretic hormone 44 Neighboring gene Frost Neighboring gene pseudo Neighboring gene Dynein heavy chain 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. A domain shared by the Polycomb group proteins Scm and ph mediates heterotypic and homotypic interactions. Peterson AJ, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1997 Nov. PMID 9343432, Free PMC Article
    2. Activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in HLA-A, -B and -C-identical responder-stimulator pairs. I. Variations in generation of anti-class-II CTL in primary mixed lymphocyte cultures. Breuning MH, et al. Tissue Antigens, 1984 Aug. PMID 6238446
    3. Sex combs are important for male mating success in Drosophila melanogaster. Ng CS, et al. Behav Genet, 2008 Mar. PMID 18213513
    4. A genetic screen in Drosophila implicates Sex comb on midleg (Scm) in tissue overgrowth and mechanisms of Scm degradation by Wds. Guo J, et al. Mech Dev, 2015 May. PMID 25772304
    5. The non-proliferative nature of ascidian folliculogenesis as a model of highly ordered cellular topology distinct from proliferative epithelia. Azzag K, et al. PLoS One, 2015. PMID 26000769, Free PMC Article

    See all (215) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Differentiating Drosophila female germ cells initiate Polycomb silencing by regulating PRC2-interacting proteins.
      Title: Differentiating Drosophila female germ cells initiate Polycomb silencing by regulating PRC2-interacting proteins.
    2. loss-of-function mutations in Scm result in non-autonomous tissue overgrowth in Drosophila, and determine that Scm is essential for ommatidium development and important for cell survival in Drosophila
      Title: A genetic screen in Drosophila implicates Sex comb on midleg (Scm) in tissue overgrowth and mechanisms of Scm degradation by Wds.
    3. Scm coordinates PcG complexes and polymerizes to produce broad domains of PcG silencing
      Title: Sex comb on midleg (Scm) is a functional link between PcG-repressive complexes in Drosophila.
    4. SUMO negatively regulates Scm function by impeding its recruitment to the Ubx major PRE.
      Title: Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation impedes transcriptional silencing by the polycomb group repressor Sex Comb on Midleg.
    5. Data show that Sex Comb on Midleg (SCM) associates with a Polycomb response element upstream of the Ubx gene which also binds PRC1, PRC2, and the DNA-binding PcG protein Pleiohomeotic.
      Title: Comparative analysis of chromatin binding by Sex Comb on Midleg (SCM) and other polycomb group repressors at a Drosophila Hox gene.
    6. Testing the role of this structure in male mating success in Drosophila melanogaster, the sex comb was removed by expressing the female-specific isoform of the sex determination gene transformer in the tarsal segments of male legs.
      Title: Sex combs are important for male mating success in Drosophila melanogaster.
    7. Data show that the MBT domain of Sex comb on midleg and its methyl-lysine-binding activity are required for repression of Hox genes.
      Title: Structural and functional analyses of methyl-lysine binding by the malignant brain tumour repeat protein Sex comb on midleg.
    8. polymeric Scm complexes could extend beyond the local domains of polymeric Ph complexes on chromatin, possibly playing a role in long range repression
      Title: Structural organization of a Sex-comb-on-midleg/polyhomeotic copolymer.
    9. SCM interacts and functions with Polycomb repressive complex 1 in gene silencing.
      Title: Requirement for sex comb on midleg protein interactions in Drosophila polycomb group repression.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables PRC1 complex binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables chromatin binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables histone binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables zinc ion binding NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in anterior/posterior axis specification IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in axonogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in compound eye development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in follicle cell of egg chamber stalk formation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in germarium-derived female germ-line cyst encapsulation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in heterochromatin formation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in heterochromatin formation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of growth IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in neurogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in ventral cord development HMP PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in polytene chromosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    Sex comb on midleg
    Names
    CG9495-PA
    CG9495-PB
    Scm-PA
    Scm-PB
    Sex comb on the midleg
    Sex combs on midleg
    Sex combs on midlegs
    sex comb on midleg

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      9633359..9637611 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_169299.2 → NP_731385.1  Sex comb on midleg, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_731385.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q24191, Q9VHA0
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0B4K6M7
      Related
      FBpp0081580
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      cd09578
      Location:800 → 870
      SAM_Scm; SAM domain of Scm proteins of Polycomb group
      smart00454
      Location:806 → 867
      SAM; Sterile alpha motif
      smart00561
      Location:178 → 273
      MBT; Present in Drosophila Scm, l(3)mbt, and vertebrate SCML2
      pfam06467
      Location:55 → 95
      zf-FCS; MYM-type Zinc finger with FCS sequence motif
      pfam12140
      Location:418 → 524
      DUF3588; Protein of unknown function (DUF3588)

    2. NM_001260077.2 → NP_001247006.1  Sex comb on midleg, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001247006.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q24191, Q9VHA0
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0B4K6M7
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      cd09578
      Location:800 → 870
      SAM_Scm; SAM domain of Scm proteins of Polycomb group
      smart00454
      Location:806 → 867
      SAM; Sterile alpha motif
      smart00561
      Location:178 → 273
      MBT; Present in Drosophila Scm, l(3)mbt, and vertebrate SCML2
      pfam06467
      Location:55 → 95
      zf-FCS; MYM-type Zinc finger with FCS sequence motif
      pfam12140
      Location:418 → 524
      DUF3588; Protein of unknown function (DUF3588)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    A0A0B4K6M7 A0A0B4K6M7
    Q9VHA0.2 Q9VHA0

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