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    Gmfg glia maturation factor, gamma [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 63986, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Gmfgprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    glia maturation factor, gammaprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1927135
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000060791 AllianceGenome:MGI:1927135
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    0610039G16Rik; 2310057N07Rik
    Summary
    Predicted to enable Arp2/3 complex binding activity. Acts upstream of or within actin filament debranching and negative regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation. Predicted to be active in cortical actin cytoskeleton. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; cardiovascular system; gut; hemolymphoid system; and yolk sac. Orthologous to human GMFG (glia maturation factor gamma). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
    Expression
    Biased expression in thymus adult (RPKM 15.0), liver E18 (RPKM 6.0) and 10 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Gmfg in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    7 A3; 7 16.76 cM
    Exon count:
    8
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 7 NC_000073.7 (28136894..28147655)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 7 NC_000073.6 (28437469..28448230)

    Chromosome 7 - NC_000073.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Paf1, RNA polymerase II complex component Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E289 Neighboring gene mediator complex subunit 29 Neighboring gene sterile alpha motif domain containing 4B Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E240 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr7:29225831-29226014 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr7:29231461-29231644 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_18417 Neighboring gene leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 1 Neighboring gene predicted gene 6518

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Glia maturation factor-γ regulates murine macrophage iron metabolism and M2 polarization through mitochondrial ROS. Aerbajinai W, et al. Blood Adv, 2019 Apr 23. PMID 30971398, Free PMC Article
    2. Glia maturation factor-gamma is preferentially expressed in microvascular endothelial and inflammatory cells and modulates actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Ikeda K, et al. Circ Res, 2006 Aug 18. PMID 16873721
    3. Glia maturation factor-γ is involved in S1P-induced marginal zone B-cell chemotaxis and optimal IgM production to type II T-independent antigen. Li Y, et al. Int Immunol, 2022 Jan 1. PMID 34673932
    4. Identification and isolation of a full-length clone of mouse GMFB (Gmfb), a putative intracellular kinase regulator, differentially expressed in telencephalon. Bourgeois F, et al. Cytogenet Cell Genet, 2001. PMID 11435704
    5. Analysis of the interactions between GMF and Arp2/3 complex in two binding sites by molecular dynamics simulation. Popinako A, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2018 Feb 5. PMID 29339159

    See all (26) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Glia maturation factor-gamma is involved in S1P-induced marginal zone B-cell chemotaxis and optimal IgM production to type II T-independent antigen.
      Title: Glia maturation factor-γ is involved in S1P-induced marginal zone B-cell chemotaxis and optimal IgM production to type II T-independent antigen.
    2. findings suggest that GMFG is an important regulator in cellular iron metabolism and macrophage phenotype and could be a novel therapeutic target for modulating macrophage function in immune and metabolic disorders.
      Title: Glia maturation factor-γ regulates murine macrophage iron metabolism and M2 polarization through mitochondrial ROS.
    3. Gmfg has two separate binding sites on Arp2/3 complex with high (site 1) and low (site 2) affinity. X-ray crystallography revealed closely located positions of Gmfg in site 1. Molecular dynamics simulation allowed determining the binding pocket for Gmfg in site 2.
      Title: Analysis of the interactions between GMF and Arp2/3 complex in two binding sites by molecular dynamics simulation.
    4. GMF debranches filaments by a mechanism related to cofilin-mediated severing, but in which GMF has evolved to target molecular junctions between actin-related proteins in the Arp2/3 complex and actin subunits in the daughter filament of the branch.
      Title: GMF severs actin-Arp2/3 complex branch junctions by a cofilin-like mechanism.
    5. The GMF-Arp2 interface reveals how the ADF-H actin-binding domain in GMF is exploited to specifically recognize Arp2/3 complex and not actin.
      Title: Structural basis for regulation of Arp2/3 complex by GMF.
    6. GMFG is a novel factor in actin cytoskeleton reorganization and is expressed preferentially in microvascular endothelial and inflammatory cells in embryonic development.
      Title: Glia maturation factor-gamma is preferentially expressed in microvascular endothelial and inflammatory cells and modulates actin cytoskeleton reorganization.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (4) 
    • Gene trapped (1) 
    • Targeted (2)  1 citation

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables Arp2/3 complex binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables Arp2/3 complex binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables actin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables growth factor activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in actin filament debranching IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within actin filament debranching IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cortical actin cytoskeleton IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    glia maturation factor gamma
    Names
    GMF-gamma

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001039192.2 → NP_001034281.1  glia maturation factor gamma isoform a

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate first exon compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC149606, AK009967
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS39860.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9ERL7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A7VJA4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000077889.7, ENSMUST00000078845.13
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd11283
      Location:9 → 130
      ADF_GMF-beta_like; ADF-homology domain of glia maturation factor beta and related proteins

    2. NM_001290550.2 → NP_001277479.1  glia maturation factor gamma isoform b

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate exon and initiates translation at an alternate start codon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) is shorter at the N-terminus compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC149606, BE629139
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS80687.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D3YY16
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000103924.2, ENSMUST00000108289.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd11283
      Location:2 → 89
      ADF_GMF-beta_like; ADF-homology domain of glia maturation factor beta and related proteins

    3. NM_001377092.1 → NP_001364021.1  glia maturation factor gamma isoform c

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC149606
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd11283
      Location:1 → 97
      ADF_GMF-beta_like; ADF-homology domain of glia maturation factor beta and related proteins

    4. NM_022024.3 → NP_071307.1  glia maturation factor gamma isoform a

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a). Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC149606, AK002834
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS39859.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9ERL7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A7VJA4
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000103927.3, ENSMUST00000108292.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd11283
      Location:9 → 130
      ADF_GMF-beta_like; ADF-homology domain of glia maturation factor beta and related proteins

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000073.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      28136894..28147655
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006540273.4 → XP_006540336.1  glia maturation factor gamma isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D3YY16
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd11283
      Location:2 → 89
      ADF_GMF-beta_like; ADF-homology domain of glia maturation factor beta and related proteins
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9ERL7.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9ERL7

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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