Actb actin, beta [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Actbprovided by RGD
Official Full Name: actin, betaprovided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:628837
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000034254 AllianceGenome:RGD:628837
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Actx
Summary: Enables protein kinase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to electrical stimulus; regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity; and regulation of norepinephrine uptake. Located in actin cytoskeleton; axon; and membrane raft. Part of protein-containing complex. Used to study metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Biomarker of temporal lobe epilepsy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Baraitser-Winter syndrome 1 and thrombocytopenia. Orthologous to human ACTB (actin beta). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Spleen (RPKM 10008.1), Thymus (RPKM 8289.8) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 12p11

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	12	NC_086030.1 (16776664..16779634)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	12	NC_051347.1 (11663112..11666697)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	12	NC_005111.4 (13715843..13718813)

Chromosome 12 - NC_086030.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Data show that spermiation is actin- and microtubule-based cytoskeletal-dependent event, involving regulatory proteins that modify cytoskeletal organization.
Title: Sperm Release at Spermiation Is Regulated by Changes in the Organization of Actin- and Microtubule-Based Cytoskeletons at the Apical Ectoplasmic Specialization-A Study Using the Adjudin Model.
Data show that spermatid/phagosome transport across the epithelium during spermatogenesis requires the coordination between actin- and microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeletons.
Title: Coordination of Actin- and Microtubule-Based Cytoskeletons Supports Transport of Spermatids and Residual Bodies/Phagosomes During Spermatogenesis in the Rat Testis.
Both ZBP1 and HuD bind the zipcode element in rat beta-actin mRNA's 3' UTR. Differences between HuD and ZBP1 were observed in their binding preference to the element.
Title: Different motif requirements for the localization zipcode element of β-actin mRNA binding by HuD and ZBP1.
Thsi study validated the Hprt1, Actb, Mapk6 or B2m and showed that any one or combination of two of them are good reference genes for normalization of mRNA expression in qPCR experiments in the spinal cord and RVM in the CFA model of inflammatory injury.
Title: Validation of four reference genes for quantitative mRNA expression studies in a rat model of inflammatory injury.
Data indicate that LIM motif-containing protein kinases LIMK1 and LIMK2-dependent acin rearrangement is involved in the development of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain.
Title: LIMK-dependent actin polymerization in primary sensory neurons promotes the development of inflammatory heat hyperalgesia in rats.
Our study demonstrates that gene expression levels of reference genes commonly used in obesity-related studies, such as ACTB or RPS18, are altered by changes in acute or chronic energy status.
Title: Identification of optimal reference genes for RT-qPCR in the rat hypothalamus and intestine for the study of obesity.
Htt and the huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) are co-localized with the microtubule motor proteins, the KIF5A kinesin and dynein, during dendritic transport of beta-actin mRNA.
Title: Huntingtin mediates dendritic transport of β-actin mRNA in rat neurons.
Axonal translation of beta-actin mRNA supports axon branching and axonal translation of GAP-43 mRNA supports elongating growth.
Title: Axonally synthesized β-actin and GAP-43 proteins support distinct modes of axonal growth.
Findings demonstrate that both acute and chronic Immobilization Stress lead to gene transcriptional changes of beta-actin, APP and MAPK-1. These changes may lead to cognitive deterioration, and the development of Alzheimer disease.
Title: [Acute and chronic stress induced changes in gene transcriptions related to Alzheimer's disease].
we provide new evidence that microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKIIalpha) and beta-actin RNAs localize to dendrites in distinct RNPs, which contain--unexpectedly--very few RNA molecules.
Title: Independent localization of MAP2, CaMKIIα and β-actin RNAs in low copy numbers.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

PMC156124P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271360

PMC33181P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273155

PMC117780P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270340

PMC117781P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270341

PMC98352P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273669

PMC137792P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270855

PMC33279P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273159

mActb (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:514570

PMC138011P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270859

PMC201106P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271883

Acat1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:546573

PMC138261P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270864

PMC340938P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273170

PMC104029P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270101

PMC150974P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271127

PMC151001P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271130

PMC99880P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273691

PMC156330P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271392

aa658676 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:186920

PMC107891P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270127

PMC84911P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273455

PMC139793P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270897

PMC180915P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271667

PMC108483P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270139

PMC108612P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270141

PMC85361P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273471

PMC133768P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270660

PMC122623P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270405

Actb (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516679

PMC18465P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271688

PMC151804P4 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271178

PMC133829P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270667

PMC122924P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270416

Actb (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:496720

PMC207566P4 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271957

PMC85795P4 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273493

PMC23951P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272215

PMC350549P3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273239

PMC23952P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272216

PMC240671P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272217

PMC109669P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270176

PMC302066P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272483

PMC86032P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273511

PMC110143P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270184

PMC187403P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271725

PMC110672P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270192

PMC133998P8 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270713

PMC356969P12 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273274

PMC152551P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271229

PMC209527P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271999

PMC20960P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272003

PMC19354P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271749

PMC24561P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272264

PMC21071P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272011

PMC24644P4 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272270

PMC304100P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272526

PMC24942P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272277

LOC345651 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:265879

PMC145386P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270999

PMC30411P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272535

PMC125345P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270489

PMC212730P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272026

PMC37512P3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273307

PMC21334P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272037

PMC87052P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273574

PMC125678P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270504

PMC153958P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271275

PMC148838P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271023

PMC305683P4 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272560

PMC149351P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271029

PMC114236P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270264

PMC305873P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272568

PMC136359P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270796

PMC115141P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270285

PMC154439P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271310

RI01350 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:463064

Actb-rs1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141017

PMC26753P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272350

PMC96811P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273633

PMC101699P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270062

PMC224995P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272113

PMC97445P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273650

PMC102052P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270068

PMC97559P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273652

PMC97568P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:273653

PMC22644P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272120

PMC117352P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270329

PMC137548P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270841

PMC102156P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:270076

PMC275467P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272382

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ATP hydrolysis activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables ATP hydrolysis activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables Tat protein binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables Tat protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables kinesin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables kinesin binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables nitric-oxide synthase binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nitric-oxide synthase binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein kinase binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein kinase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adherens junction assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adherens junction assembly	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in apical protein localization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in apical protein localization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in axonogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in axonogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cell motility	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell motility	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell motility	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to cytochalasin B	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to cytochalasin B	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to electrical stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in circadian rhythm	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in platelet aggregation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein localization to adherens junction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in protein localization to adherens junction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of cell cycle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of cell cycle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of norepinephrine uptake	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of norepinephrine uptake	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of norepinephrine uptake	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of norepinephrine uptake	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of transepithelial transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of transepithelial transport	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of transmembrane transporter activity	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transmembrane transporter activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transmembrane transporter activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to immobilization stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to mechanical stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in retina development in camera-type eye	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in substantia nigra development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in actin cytoskeleton	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in actin cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in actin filament	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in adherens junction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in adherens junction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in apical junction complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in apical junction complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in axon	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in brush border	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in brush border	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in calyx of Held	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in calyx of Held	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cell-cell junction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cortical cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cortical cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoskeleton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoskeleton	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in dense body	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in focal adhesion	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in glutamatergic synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in lamellipodium	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in lamellipodium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in membrane raft	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of nucleosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of nucleosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in plasma membrane	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in podosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of protein-containing complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of protein-containing complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in stress fiber	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in synapse	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in tight junction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in tight junction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: actin, cytoplasmic 1

Names: beta-actin; cytoplasmic beta-actin

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.