Ins1 insulin I [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Ins1provided by MGI
Official Full Name: insulin Iprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:96572
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000035804 AllianceGenome:MGI:96572
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: Ins-1; Ins2-rs1
Summary: This gene encodes insulin, a peptide hormone that plays a vital role in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The encoded precursor protein undergoes proteolytic cleavage to produce a disulfide-linked heterodimeric functional protein that is stored in secretory granules. An increase in blood glucose levels, among others, induces the release of insulin from the secretory granules. Mice deficient in the functional hormone encoded by this gene develop diabetes mellitus. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]
Expression: Biased expression in duodenum adult (RPKM 26.6), small intestine adult (RPKM 6.5) and 2 other tissues See more
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Genomic context

Location:: 19 D2; 19 46.76 cM

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	19	NC_000085.7 (52252735..52253453)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	19	NC_000085.6 (52264297..52265015)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000085.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Insulin Signaling Differentially Regulates the Trafficking of Insulin and Amyloid Beta Peptides at the Blood-Brain Barrier.
Title: Insulin Signaling Differentially Regulates the Trafficking of Insulin and Amyloid Beta Peptides at the Blood-Brain Barrier.
Islet MC4R Regulates PC1/3 to Improve Insulin Secretion in T2DM Mice via the cAMP and beta-arrestin-1 Pathways.
Title: Islet MC4R Regulates PC1/3 to Improve Insulin Secretion in T2DM Mice via the cAMP and β-arrestin-1 Pathways.
beta-Cell Cre Expression and Reduced Ins1 Gene Dosage Protect Mice From Type 1 Diabetes.
Title: β-Cell Cre Expression and Reduced Ins1 Gene Dosage Protect Mice From Type 1 Diabetes.
Aldo-ketoreductase 1c19 ablation does not affect insulin secretion in murine islets.
Title: Aldo-ketoreductase 1c19 ablation does not affect insulin secretion in murine islets.
Novel Human Insulin Isoforms and Calpha-Peptide Product in Islets of Langerhans and Choroid Plexus.
Title: Novel Human Insulin Isoforms and Cα-Peptide Product in Islets of Langerhans and Choroid Plexus.
The Tetracycline-Controlled Transactivator (Tet-On/Off) System in beta-Cells Reduces Insulin Expression and Secretion in Mice.
Title: The Tetracycline-Controlled Transactivator (Tet-On/Off) System in β-Cells Reduces Insulin Expression and Secretion in Mice.
Mutations in the C1 element of the insulin promoter lead to diabetic phenotypes in homozygous mice.
Title: Mutations in the C1 element of the insulin promoter lead to diabetic phenotypes in homozygous mice.
Development of insulin resistance preceded major changes in iron homeostasis in mice fed a high-fat diet.
Title: Development of insulin resistance preceded major changes in iron homeostasis in mice fed a high-fat diet.
UGGT1 retains proinsulin in the endoplasmic reticulum in an arginine dependent manner.
Title: UGGT1 retains proinsulin in the endoplasmic reticulum in an arginine dependent manner.
Translation of insulin granule proteins are regulated by PDI and PABP.
Title: Translation of insulin granule proteins are regulated by PDI and PABP.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (161)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Endonuclease-mediated (8) 1 citation
Targeted (5) 1 citation

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

PMC312732P2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272910

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:158734

PMC24644P6 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:265494

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:265494

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:507948

X04725 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:125785

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:462686

PMC152933P1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:271245

PMC21231P3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272022

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:259497

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:256685

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143593

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143594

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143595

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143596

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143597

RH94798 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:120045

RH94799 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:120046

Ins2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:143600

UniSTS:267003 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:267003

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:267003

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:546555

Ins1 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:516606

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables hormone activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables hormone activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables identical protein binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables insulin receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables insulin receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables insulin receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables insulin-like growth factor receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protease binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables receptor ligand activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed
enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within D-glucose transmembrane transport	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in activation of protein kinase B activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in acute-phase response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in alpha-beta T cell activation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in fatty acid homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in glucose homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glucose metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in insulin receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in insulin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of acute inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of feeding behavior	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of negative regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of lipid catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of protein secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of proteolysis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in neuron projection maintenance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of D-glucose import	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of MAPK cascade	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of dendritic spine maintenance	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of glycolytic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of respiratory burst	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_positive_effect receptor internalization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of amino acid metabolic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of protein localization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of protein secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of transmembrane transporter activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to cAMP	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to cytokine	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to dimethyl sulfoxide	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in vasodilation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in wound healing	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in secretory granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: insulin-1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_008386.4 → NP_032412.3 insulin-1 preproprotein

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC163452, AK008358, BP773571, BQ126282

Consensus CDS

CCDS29898.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P01325, Q545I7, Q9D907

Related

ENSMUSP00000049095.5, ENSMUST00000039652.6

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd04367
Location:26 → 108

IlGF_insulin_like; IlGF_like family, insulin_like subgroup, specific to vertebrates. Members include a number of peptides including insulin and insulin-like growth factors I and II, which play a variety of roles in controlling processes such as metabolism, growth and ...