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    Gpat2 glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 215456, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Gpat2provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrialprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:2684962
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000046338 AllianceGenome:MGI:2684962
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Gm116; xGPAT1; A530057A03Rik
    Summary
    Enables 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity and glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity. Involved in phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process and piRNA processing. Acts upstream of or within glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process and triglyceride biosynthetic process. Located in mitochondrion. Is expressed in germ cell of testis; interstitium of the testis; testis; and tunica albuginea of testis. Orthologous to human GPAT2 (glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 27.6) and ovary adult (RPKM 1.1) See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Gpat2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2 F1; 2 62.0 cM
    Exon count:
    22
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 2 NC_000068.8 (127266725..127278013)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 2 NC_000068.7 (127425154..127436093)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000068.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene adrenergic receptor, alpha 2b Neighboring gene predicted gene, 39923 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_05626 Neighboring gene fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase domain containing 2A Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr2:127279437-127279737 Neighboring gene Kv channel interacting protein 3, calsenilin Neighboring gene predicted gene, 35478 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 54151

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 is essential for normal spermatogenesis. Garcia-Fabiani MB, et al. Biochem J, 2017 Aug 30. PMID 28729426
    2. Methylation of the Gpat2 promoter regulates transient expression during mouse spermatogenesis. Garcia-Fabiani MB, et al. Biochem J, 2015 Oct 15. PMID 26268560, Free PMC Article
    3. Membrane topology of murine glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2. Nakagawa T, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2012 Feb 17. PMID 22285183
    4. Molecular cloning of a murine glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-like protein 1 (xGPAT1). Harada N, et al. Mol Cell Biochem, 2007 Mar. PMID 17013544
    5. Pharmacological glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase inhibition decreases food intake and adiposity and increases insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obesity. Kuhajda FP, et al. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2011 Jul. PMID 21490364, Free PMC Article

    See all (28) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. GPAT2 is required for piRNA biogenesis, transposon silencing, and maintenance of spermatogonia in micedagger.
      Title: GPAT2 is required for piRNA biogenesis, transposon silencing, and maintenance of spermatogonia in mice†.
    2. Data suggest that Gpat2 is necessary for normal spermatogenesis; absence of Gpat2 up-regulates expression of apoptosis regulatory proteins, triggers apoptosis, and thereby decreases the number of dividing germ cells; Gpat2 knockdown (using RNA silencing) prevents germ cells from proceeding through pachytene stage.
      Title: Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2 is essential for normal spermatogenesis.
    3. Thus, Gpat2 is expressed at a specific stage of spermatogenesis, consistent with piRNA synthesis and meiosis I prophase
      Title: Methylation of the Gpat2 promoter regulates transient expression during mouse spermatogenesis.
    4. GPAT2 is essential for the biogenesis of piRNA.
      Title: GPAT2, a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, in piRNA biogenesis in germline stem cells.
    5. GPAT2 expression is linked to arachidonoyl-CoA incorporation into TAG in spermatogenic germ cells
      Title: Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-2 is expressed in spermatic germ cells and incorporates arachidonic acid into triacylglycerols.
    6. These results suggest that the GPAT2 protein has two transmembrane segments and that the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of this protein face the cytoplasm.
      Title: Membrane topology of murine glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2.
    7. Transcripts highly enriched in ovary; gene identified as candidate female fertility factor.
      Title: Genomewide discovery and classification of candidate ovarian fertility genes in the mouse.
    8. A novel murine glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-like protein 1 (named xGPAT1) has been cloned.
      Title: Molecular cloning of a murine glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-like protein 1 (xGPAT1).
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (1) 
    • Targeted (2)  1 citation

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in glycerophospholipid metabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in piRNA processing IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in triglyceride biosynthetic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within triglyceride biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in mitochondrial outer membrane ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrial outer membrane ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in mitochondrion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial
    Names
    1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase GPAT2
    GPAT-2
    glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-like 1
    NP_001074558.2
    XP_006499195.3
    XP_006499197.1
    XP_006499198.1
    XP_006499200.1
    XP_006499201.1
    XP_011237736.1
    XP_011237738.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001081089.2 → NP_001074558.2  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001074558.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AB257502, AB259571, AV466034
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS38232.2
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B1AW16, Q0KK60, Q14CH8, Q14DK4, Q6KAQ3, Q8BRZ9
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000049619.4, ENSMUST00000062211.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:176 → 387
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000068.8 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      127266725..127278013
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006499132.5 → XP_006499195.3  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X2

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:203 → 415
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like

    2. XM_006499134.4 → XP_006499197.1  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006499197.1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:176 → 388
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like

    3. XM_006499137.4 → XP_006499200.1  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006499200.1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:176 → 388
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like

    4. XM_006499138.4 → XP_006499201.1  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X6

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006499201.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B1AW16, Q0KK60, Q14CH8, Q14DK4, Q6KAQ3, Q8BRZ9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:176 → 387
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like

    5. XM_006499135.4 → XP_006499198.1  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X4

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:176 → 387
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like

    6. XM_011239434.3 → XP_011237736.1  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:176 → 388
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like

    7. XM_011239436.1 → XP_011237738.1  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 2, mitochondrial isoform X5

      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd07993
      Location:176 → 388
      LPLAT_DHAPAT-like; Lysophospholipid Acyltransferases (LPLATs) of Glycerophospholipid Biosynthesis: GPAT-like
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q14DK4.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q14DK4

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