CTRB1 chymotrypsinogen B1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: CTRB1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: chymotrypsinogen B1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:2521
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000168925 MIM:118890; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2521
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: CTRB
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the serine protease family of enzymes and forms a principal precursor of the pancreatic proteolytic enzymes. The encoded preproprotein is synthesized in the acinar cells of the pancreas and secreted into the small intestine where it undergoes proteolytic activation to generate a functional enzyme. This CTRB1 gene is located head-to-head with the related CTRB2 gene. Some human populations have an alternate haplotype which inverts a 16.6 Kb region containing portions of intron 1, exon 1, and the upstream sequence of the CTRB1 and CTRB2 genes. In this inversion haplotype exon 1 and flanking sequence is swapped in CTRB1 and CTRB2. This inversion is associated with differential gene expression and increased risk for chronic pancreatitis. The GRCh38 assembly represents the minor allele for SNP rs8048956 of the CTRB1 gene. SNP rs8048956 in intron 1 of the CTRB2 gene is diagnostic for this inversion. This CTRB1 gene encodes distinct isoforms, some or all of which may undergo similar processing to generate the mature protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2021]
Expression: Restricted expression toward pancreas (RPKM 35733.1) See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 16q23.1

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	16	NC_000016.10 (75218988..75224924)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	16	NC_060940.1 (81265733..81271673)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	16	NC_000016.9 (75252886..75258822)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Sequencing of the complex CTRB1-CTRB2 locus in chronic pancreatitis.
Title: Sequencing of the complex CTRB1-CTRB2 locus in chronic pancreatitis.
An inversion in the CTRB1-CTRB2 locus modifies risk for Alcoholic and Non-alcoholic Chronic Pancreatitis indicating that common pathomechanisms are involved in these inflammatory disorders.
Title: Genome-wide association study identifies inversion in the CTRB1-CTRB2 locus to modify risk for alcoholic and non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis.
Two protective, low-frequency, non-synonymous variants were significantly associated with a decrease in age-related macular degeneration (AMD)risk: A307V in PELI3 and N1050Y in CFH .We also identified a strong protective signal for a common variant (rs8056814) near CTRB1 associated with a decrease in AMD risk (logistic regression: OR = 0.71, P = 1.8 x 10-07).
Title: Protective coding variants in CFH and PELI3 and a variant near CTRB1 are associated with age-related macular degeneration†.
Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: Fine mapping and association studies of a high-density lipoprotein cholesterol linkage region on chromosome 16 in French-Canadian subjects.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for pancreatic cancer. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

GDB:310448 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:156421

RH66396 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:19273

RH71378 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:4585

CTRB1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:278255

STS-W60277 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:59121

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in digestion	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in proteolysis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: chymotrypsinogen B

NP_001316119.1

EC 3.4.21.1

NP_001897.4

EC 3.4.21.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_051057.1 RefSeqGene

Range

5003..10939

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001329190.2 → NP_001316119.1 chymotrypsinogen B isoform 2 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2 which is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1. This isoform (2) may undergo proteolytic processing similar to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AW338596, BX497259, M24400

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P17538
NM_001906.6 → NP_001897.4 chymotrypsinogen B isoform 1 precursor

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer protein (isoform 1).

Source sequence(s)

AW338596, BX497259, M24400

Consensus CDS

CCDS32490.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P17538

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A2R8YCR2

Related

ENSP00000354294.4, ENST00000361017.9

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00020
Location:33 → 256

Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease

cd00190
Location:34 → 259

Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...