E(spl)m8-HLH Enhancer of split m8, helix-loop-helix [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: E(spl)m8-HLHprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: Enhancer of split m8, helix-loop-helixprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000591
Locus tag: Dmel_CG8365
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000591
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: anon-EST:Liang-1.71; bHLHb36; CG8365; clone 1.71; Dmel\CG8365; e(spl); E(spl); E(Spl); E(spl) m8; E(spl)-C; E(spl)-m8; E(spl)-M8; E(spl)bHLH; E(spl)m8; E(spl)M8; En(spl); En(spl)-C; Enhancer of split m8; Espl; Hes; HES; HLHm8; l(3)96Fd; m8; M8; Su(H)[[m8]]
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; protein dimerization activity; and sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including compound eye development; dendrite morphogenesis; and sensory organ precursor cell fate determination. Predicted to be active in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including germ layer; head epidermis primordium; larval optic anlage; organism subdivision; and somatic precursor cell. Orthologous to human HES2 (hes family bHLH transcription factor 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 96F10-96F10; 3-89 cM

Exon count:: 1

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (26040240..26041008)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (21865962..21866730)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The conserved MAPK site in E(spl)-M8, an effector of Drosophila notch signaling, controls repressor activity during eye development.
Title: The Conserved MAPK Site in E(spl)-M8, an Effector of Drosophila Notch Signaling, Controls Repressor Activity during Eye Development.
Studies identify PP2A-Wdb as a participant in Notch signaling, and suggest that M8 activity is controlled by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.
Title: The Ser/Thr phosphatase PP2A regulatory subunit widerborst inhibits notch signaling.
Based on these data, we propose a model in which Hes genes are responsible for co-ordinating the Notch response of a wide spectrum of other targets, explaining the critical functions these key regulators play in many developmental and disease contexts.
Title: Transcriptional dynamics elicited by a short pulse of notch activation involves feed-forward regulation by E(spl)/Hes genes.
Da transactivation domains play essential roles in neurogenesis and in E(spl)-mediated repression.
Title: Essential roles of Da transactivation domains in neurogenesis and in E(spl)-mediated repression.
E(spl) and Dpn act together to maintain the neuroblasts in a self-renewing state, a process in which they are assisted by Notch, which sustains expression of the E(spl) subset
Title: bHLH-O proteins are crucial for Drosophila neuroblast self-renewal and mediate Notch-induced overproliferation.
The phosphorylation domain of M8 is implicated in autoinhibition, and indicate that binding of the co-repressor Groucho (Gro) is context-dependent.
Title: New insights into the Orange domain of E(spl)-M8, and the roles of the C-terminal domain in autoinhibition and Groucho recruitment.
Drosophila STUbL protein Degringolade limits HES functions during embryogenesis.
Title: The Drosophila STUbL protein Degringolade limits HES functions during embryogenesis.
Studies provide evidence that autoinhibition by the CtD regulates M8 activity in a phosphorylation-dependent manner.
Title: Evidence that the C-terminal domain (CtD) autoinhibits neural repression by Drosophila E(spl)M8.
cohesin helps restrain transcription of enhancer of split and invected-engrailed, and that deregulation of similarly cohesin-hypersensitive genes may underlie developmental deficits in Cornelia de Lange syndrome
Title: Regulation of the Drosophila Enhancer of split and invected-engrailed gene complexes by sister chromatid cohesion proteins.
Polymorphisms in the enhancer of split gene complex affect bristle number variation in a large wild-caught cohort of Drosophila melanogaster.
Title: The effect of polymorphisms in the enhancer of split gene complex on bristle number variation in a large wild-caught cohort of Drosophila melanogaster.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein dimerization activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein heterodimerization activity	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein homodimerization activity	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in anterior/posterior pattern specification	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in compound eye development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mesoderm development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of neurogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in sensory organ precursor cell fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: enhancer of split m8, helix-loop-helix

Names: CG8365-PA; E(spl)-m8; E(spl)m8; E(spl)m8-HLH-PA; Enhancer-of-split; enhancer of split; enhancer of split m8; enhancer-of-split-m8

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

26040240..26041008

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_079789.3 → NP_524513.1 enhancer of split m8, helix-loop-helix [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524513.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P13098, Q0IGQ3, Q2XYK0, Q5S426, Q5S462, Q5S474, Q5S4H0, Q5S4I2, Q9VBI5

Related

FBpp0084335

Conserved Domains (2) summary

smart00511
Location:81 → 125

ORANGE; Orange domain

cd00083
Location:10 → 67

HLH; Helix-loop-helix domain, found in specific DNA- binding proteins that act as transcription factors; 60-100 amino acids long. A DNA-binding basic region is followed by two alpha-helices separated by a variable loop region; HLH forms homo- and heterodimers, ...