Gnrh1 gonadotropin releasing hormone 1 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gnrh1provided by RGD
Official Full Name: gonadotropin releasing hormone 1provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2720
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000066847 AllianceGenome:RGD:2720
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: Gnrh; Lhrh; SH-4; Gnrha; Rgnrhg1
Summary: Enables gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity. Involved in several processes, including estrous cycle; negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation; and response to prostaglandin E. Located in several cellular components, including cytoplasmic side of rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle; and perikaryon. Used to study prostatic hypertrophy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in breast cancer; hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 12 with or without anosmia; and periodontitis. Orthologous to human GNRH1 (gonadotropin releasing hormone 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 30.3), Thymus (RPKM 25.7) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 15p12

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	15	NC_086033.1 (46147878..46152086)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	15	NC_051350.1 (41972482..41976690)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	15	NC_005114.4 (44441856..44446064)

Chromosome 15 - NC_086033.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

FTO-mediated m[6]A demethylation regulates GnRH expression in the hypothalamus via the PLCbeta3/Ca[2+]/CAMK signalling pathway.
Title: FTO-mediated m(6)A demethylation regulates GnRH expression in the hypothalamus via the PLCβ3/Ca(2+)/CAMK signalling pathway.
Mast Cell Dynamics in the Ovary Are Governed by GnRH and Prolactin.
Title: Mast Cell Dynamics in the Ovary Are Governed by GnRH and Prolactin.
Mutual Interactions Between GnRH and Kisspeptin in GnRH- and Kiss-1-Expressing Immortalized Hypothalamic Cell Models.
Title: Mutual Interactions Between GnRH and Kisspeptin in GnRH- and Kiss-1-Expressing Immortalized Hypothalamic Cell Models.
The data suggest that alterations of histone H3 acetylation in the preoptic area and anteroventral periventricular nucleus and the inability of Ncoa2 and Crebbp to respond to estradiol in the middle-aged anterior hypothalamus partially contribute to the decline of GnRH neuron activation and estradiol target gene expression changes that occur in females along with reproductive aging.
Title: Alterations of estradiol-induced histone H3 acetylation in the preoptic area and anteroventral periventricular nucleus of middle-aged female rats.
The data obtained confirm the regulatory or morphogenetic effect of GnRH on fetal thymus development mediated by synthesis of thymic cytokines.
Title: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Regulation of Thymic Development in Rats: Profile of Thymic Cytokines.
Central injection of orexin A significantly reduced the hypothalamic expression of Gnrh.
Title: Central Orexin A Affects Reproductive Axis by Modulation of Hypothalamic Kisspeptin/Neurokinin B/Dynorphin Secreting Neurons in the Male Wistar Rats.
In male rats, immune stress in the early neonatal period delayed sexual maturation, reduced sexual behavior, suppressed the serum T concentration, and downregulated the hypothalamic mRNA expression levels of GnRH and the PR in adulthood.
Title: The reduction in sexual behavior induced by neonatal immune stress is not related to androgen levels in male rats.
GnRH-R in the mammary tissues after weaning; GnRH is involved in the involution and tissue remodeling of post-lactating rat mammary tissues
Title: Augmentation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor expression in the post-lactational mammary tissues of rats.
Under-nutrition delayed puberty onset and decreased hypothalamic GnRH expression.
Title: Impact of changes in postnatal nutrition on puberty onset and the expression of hypothalamic GnRH and ghrelin.
Data show that within the hypothalamus, zearalenone (ZEA) and Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) directly activate anteroventral and periventricular kisspeptin (KP) neurons to stimulate gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) mRNA.
Title: Xenoestrogens Ethinyl Estradiol and Zearalenone Cause Precocious Puberty in Female Rats via Central Kisspeptin Signaling.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (80)

General gene information

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Markers

D15Mgh12 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:239697

RH94423 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:119671

d15arb6 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:121028

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in estrous cycle	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in female pregnancy	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in male sex determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of neuron migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of neuron migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in ovulation cycle	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of gene expression	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of ovarian follicle development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of ovarian follicle development	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in reproductive process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to ethanol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to ethanol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to peptide hormone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to potassium ion	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to prolactin	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to prostaglandin E	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to steroid hormone	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within response to steroid hormone	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in response to testosterone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi-associated vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in axon terminus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasmic side of rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in dendrite	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neurosecretory vesicle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in perikaryon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: progonadoliberin-1

Names: Putative protein SH; gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (luteinizing-releasing hormone); luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone; progonadoliberin I

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.