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    tsl torso-like [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 42564, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    tslprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    torso-likeprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0003867
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG6705
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0003867
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    CG6705; Dm-tsl; Dmel\CG6705; fs(3)00617; Torso-like; Tsl
    Summary
    Enables signaling receptor activator activity and torso binding activity. Involved in several processes, including anterior/posterior axis specification, embryo; pole cell fate determination; and positive regulation of apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation. Located in extracellular space. Is expressed in several structures, including antennal anlage; antennal primordium; follicle cell; head epidermis primordium; and neurohemal organ. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

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    See tsl in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    93F9-93F10; 3-73 cM
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) 3R NT_033777.3 (21778114..21782536, complement)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) 3R NT_033777.2 (17603836..17608258, complement)

    Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene metabotropic GABA-B receptor subtype 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene RNA polymerase I subunit H Neighboring gene CASK regulatory gene Neighboring gene CASK Neighboring gene mir-999 stem loop

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. MACPF/CDC proteins in development: Insights from Drosophila torso-like. Johnson TK, et al. Semin Cell Dev Biol, 2017 Dec. PMID 28506893
    2. The torso-like gene functions to maintain the structure of the vitelline membrane in Nasonia vitripennis, implying its co-option into Drosophila axis formation. Taylor SE, et al. Biol Open, 2019 Sep 25. PMID 31488408, Free PMC Article
    3. Development of the Cellular Immune System of Drosophila Requires the Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin-Like Protein Torso-Like. Forbes-Beadle L, et al. Genetics, 2016 Oct. PMID 27535927, Free PMC Article
    4. Isolation of secreted proteins from Drosophila ovaries and embryos through in vivo BirA-mediated biotinylation. Stevens LM, et al. PLoS One, 2019. PMID 31658274, Free PMC Article
    5. A new Drosophila Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (Caki) is localized in the central nervous system and implicated in walking speed. Martin JR, et al. EMBO J, 1996 Apr 15. PMID 8617233, Free PMC Article

    See all (184) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Recent studies show that Torso-like (Tsl), the only MACPF member that has been identified, has multiple roles in development.
      Title: MACPF/CDC proteins in development: Insights from Drosophila torso-like.
    2. tsl null mutants display a ventral cuticular hole phenotype. Tsl controls Rho1-mediated apical constriction via Fog.
      Title: Maternal Torso-Like Coordinates Tissue Folding During Drosophila Gastrulation.
    3. Torso interacts with both Trunk and Torso-like, which cooperate to mediate dimerization and activation of Torso at the ends of the Drosophila embryo
      Title: Reconstitution of Torso signaling in cultured cells suggests a role for both Trunk and Torso-like in receptor activation.
    4. Together these data suggest that Torso-like plays an important role in controlling the development of the Drosophila cellular immune system
      Title: Development of the Cellular Immune System of Drosophila Requires the Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin-Like Protein Torso-Like.
    5. Present and other previous studies, suggest that the function of Tsl is to mediate secretion of Trk, thus providing the mechanism for spatially restricted activation of Tor in Drosophila embryos.
      Title: Torso-like mediates extracellular accumulation of Furin-cleaved Trunk to pattern the Drosophila embryo termini.
    6. Tsl accumulates at the embryonic plasma membrane, even in the absence of the Tor receptor.
      Title: Accumulation of the Drosophila Torso-like protein at the blastoderm plasma membrane suggests that it translocates from the eggshell.
    7. Data favours a scenario where Tsl functions post proteolytic processing of Trk to control localized terminal patterning.
      Title: Trunk cleavage is essential for Drosophila terminal patterning and can occur independently of Torso-like.
    8. Data indicate that Torso-like (Tsl) and receptor tyrosine kinase Torso (Tor) have opposing effects on body size.
      Title: Torso-like functions independently of Torso to regulate Drosophila growth and developmental timing.
    9. The torso-like gene (tsl) is required to trigger Torso receptor tyrosine kinase activation in the Drosophila embryo.
      Title: Two distinct but convergent groups of cells trigger Torso receptor tyrosine kinase activation by independently expressing torso-like.
    10. Nasrat and Polehole are essential for extracellular accumulation of Torso-like, a factor secreted during oogenesis that initiates Torso receptor activation (Polehole protein)
      Title: Cell surface proteins Nasrat and Polehole stabilize the Torso-like extracellular determinant in Drosophila oogenesis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables signaling receptor activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables torso binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in embryonic pattern specification IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in embryonic pattern specification IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in germ cell development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in maternal determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in pole cell fate determination IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of multicellular organism growth IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in pupariation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in terminal region determination IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in torso signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in torso signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in torso signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular space IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    torso-like
    Names
    CG6705-PA
    CG6705-PB
    CG6705-PC
    Torso-like
    fs(3)torso-like
    torso like
    torsolike
    tsl-PA
    tsl-PB
    tsl-PC

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

      Range
      21778114..21782536 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_169969.2 → NP_732660.1  torso-like, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_732660.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P40689, Q9VD80
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A4V379
      Related
      FBpp0083563
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00457
      Location:148 → 340
      MACPF; membrane-attack complex / perforin

    2. NM_079716.3 → NP_524440.2  torso-like, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524440.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P40689, Q9VD80
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A4V379
      Related
      FBpp0083562
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00457
      Location:148 → 340
      MACPF; membrane-attack complex / perforin

    3. NM_001275881.1 → NP_001262810.1  torso-like, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262810.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P40689, Q9VD80
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A4V379
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      smart00457
      Location:148 → 340
      MACPF; membrane-attack complex / perforin
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    A4V379 A4V379
    P40689.2 P40689

    Gene LinkOut

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