Patronin patronin [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Patroninprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: patroninprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0263197
Locus tag: Dmel_CG33130
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0263197
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: BcDNA:LD17191; CG18459; CG18460; CG18462; CG30102; CG33130; CG6516; Dmel\CG33130; l(2)k07433; Patr; patronin; ptrn; ssp4; Ssp4
Summary: Enables microtubule minus-end binding activity. Involved in several processes, including asymmetric protein localization involved in cell fate determination; microtubule cytoskeleton organization; and negative regulation of hippo signaling. Located in several cellular components, including anterior cell cortex; microtubule cytoskeleton; and subapical part of cell. Is expressed in adult head; embryonic/larval dorsal vessel; organism; and spermatozoon. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations. Orthologous to several human genes including CAMSAP1 (calmodulin regulated spectrin associated protein 1) and CAMSAP2 (calmodulin regulated spectrin associated protein family member 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 54C1-54C3; 2-83 cM

Exon count:: 24

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2R	NT_033778.4 (17519024..17535866, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2R	NT_033778.3 (13406529..13423371, complement)

Chromosome 2R - NT_033778.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Suppression of Patronin deficiency by altered Hippo signaling in Drosophila organ development.
Title: Suppression of Patronin deficiency by altered Hippo signaling in Drosophila organ development.
Symmetry breaking in the female germline cyst.
Title: Symmetry breaking in the female germline cyst.
our data suggest that Patronin facilitates sustained microtubule minus end growth, which is critical for populating dendrites with minus-end-out microtubules.
Title: Patronin-mediated minus end growth is required for dendritic microtubule polarity.
This study demonstrates that Patronin orients minus-end-out microtubules arrays in dendrites to promote dendrite-specific pruning mainly through antagonizing Klp10A activity.
Title: Patronin governs minus-end-out orientation of dendritic microtubules to promote dendrite pruning in Drosophila.
Patronin and Shot then act to polarise microtubules along the apical-basal axis to enable apical transport of Rab11 endosomes by the Nuf-Dynein microtubule motor complex. Finally, Rab11 endosomes are transferred to the MyoV (also known as Didum in Drosophila) actin motor to deliver the key microvillar determinant Cadherin 99C to the apical membrane to organise the biogenesis of actin microvilli.
Title: Shot and Patronin polarise microtubules to direct membrane traffic and biogenesis of microvilli in epithelia.
Shot/Patronin foci are excluded from the oocyte posterior by the Par-1 polarity kinase to generate the polarized microtubule network that localizes axis determinants
Title: Patronin/Shot Cortical Foci Assemble the Noncentrosomal Microtubule Array that Specifies the Drosophila Anterior-Posterior Axis.
These results show that members of the CAMSAP/Patronin family all localize to and protect minus-ends but have evolved distinct effects on microtubule dynamics.
Title: Regulation of microtubule minus-end dynamics by CAMSAPs and Patronin.
Anaphase B is induced by the minus end-stabilizing protein patronin, which antagonizes the kinesin-13 depolymerase KLP10A at spindle poles.
Title: Patronin mediates a switch from kinesin-13-dependent poleward flux to anaphase B spindle elongation.
A recent study provides the first definitive identification of a minus-end-specific capping protein, termed Patronin, which protects the microtubule arrays of both mitotic and interphase cells.
Title: Microtubule dynamics: Patronin, protector of the minus end.
Ssp4, renamed Patronin, protects microtubule minus ends against depolymerization by Kinesin-13; in its absence, microtubules release from their nucleating sites and treadmill through the cytoplasm, a result of unhindered minus end depolymerization.
Title: Patronin regulates the microtubule network by protecting microtubule minus ends.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables calmodulin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables microtubule binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables microtubule binding	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
enables microtubule minus-end binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables microtubule minus-end binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables microtubule minus-end binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables spectrin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in asymmetric protein localization involved in cell fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in centrosome duplication	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cortical microtubule organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cytoplasmic microtubule organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in establishment of mitotic spindle asymmetry	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in microtubule cytoskeleton organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mitotic spindle organization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of hippo signaling	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neuron projection development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in anterior cell cortex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in centrosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in lateral cell cortex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in microtubule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with microtubule minus-end	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in midbody	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitotic spindle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in spindle	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in subapical part of cell	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: patronin

Names: CG33130-PA; CG33130-PB; CG33130-PC; CG33130-PD; CG33130-PE; CG33130-PF; CG33130-PI; CG33130-PJ; CG33130-PK; CG33130-PL; CG33130-PM; CG33130-PN; CG33130-PO; Patronin-PA; Patronin-PB; Patronin-PC; Patronin-PD; Patronin-PE; Patronin-PF; Patronin-PI; Patronin-PJ; Patronin-PK; Patronin-PL; Patronin-PM; Patronin-PN; Patronin-PO; lethal (2) k07433; short spindle 4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033778.4 Reference assembly

Range

17519024..17535866 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001274127.1 → NP_001261056.1 patronin, isoform N [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261056.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KEY6, A0A0U3DWR7

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1050 → 1170

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1299 → 1417

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:188 → 267

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:474 → 540

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001144218.3 → NP_001137690.1 patronin, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001137690.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7YZJ1, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1250 → 1370

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1523 → 1641

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:591 → 658

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001274125.1 → NP_001261054.1 patronin, isoform L [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261054.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KG58, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1186 → 1306

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1398 → 1516

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:577 → 644

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_206153.3 → NP_995875.1 patronin, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_995875.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A1ZAU8, A1ZAU9, A1ZAV0, Q86NU5, Q8MSU7

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1217 → 1337

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1490 → 1608

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:591 → 658

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001144219.3 → NP_001137691.1 patronin, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001137691.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7YZJ2, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1271 → 1391

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1459 → 1577

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:612 → 679

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001274122.1 → NP_001261051.1 patronin, isoform I [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261051.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KEY4, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1271 → 1391

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1549 → 1667

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:612 → 679

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001169706.2 → NP_001163177.2 patronin, isoform O [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001163177.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E1JH91, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1271 → 1391

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1543 → 1661

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:612 → 679

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001169704.2 → NP_001163175.1 patronin, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001163175.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E1JH90, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1271 → 1391

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1531 → 1649

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:612 → 679

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001274126.1 → NP_001261055.1 patronin, isoform M [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261055.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KFU3, A0A0U3DWR7

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1140 → 1260

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1364 → 1482

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:530 → 597

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001274124.1 → NP_001261053.1 patronin, isoform K [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261053.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KFA4, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1287 → 1407

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1540 → 1658

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:628 → 695

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_001274123.1 → NP_001261052.1 patronin, isoform J [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261052.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0B4KET5, H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1321 → 1441

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1534 → 1652

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:663 → 730

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_206154.3 → NP_995876.1 patronin, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_995876.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

H6WS59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1189 → 1309

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1400 → 1518

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:612 → 679

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin
NM_176218.3 → NP_788398.1 patronin, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_788398.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0U3DWR7

Related

FBpp0086104

Conserved Domains (4) summary

TIGR02794
Location:1189 → 1309

tolA_full; TolA protein

pfam08683
Location:1377 → 1495

CAMSAP_CKK; Microtubule-binding calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated

pfam11971
Location:189 → 272

CAMSAP_CH; CAMSAP CH domain

pfam17095
Location:612 → 679

CAMSAP_CC1; Spectrin-binding region of Ca2+-Calmodulin

Nucleotide		Protein
Heading	Accession and Version	Protein

Protein Accession	Links
Protein Accession	GenPept Link	UniProtKB Link
A0A0B4KET5		A0A0B4KET5
A0A0B4KEY4		A0A0B4KEY4
A0A0B4KEY6		A0A0B4KEY6
A0A0B4KFA4		A0A0B4KFA4
A0A0B4KFU3		A0A0B4KFU3
A0A0B4KG58		A0A0B4KG58
A1ZAU8.1		A1ZAU8
B7YZJ1		B7YZJ1
B7YZJ2		B7YZJ2
E1JH90		E1JH90
E1JH91		E1JH91
Q8MSC7		Q8MSC7
Q8T0T0		Q8T0T0