cact cactus [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: cactprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: cactusprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000250
Locus tag: Dmel_CG5848
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000250
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: 5848; BG:DS02740.15; cac; Cact; CACT; Cactus; CACTUS; CG5848; dip6; Dmel\CG5848; fs(2)ltoRN48; Ikappa; n(2)k17003; NFkappabeta1A
Summary: Enables NF-kappaB binding activity and protein sequestering activity. Involved in several processes, including cytoplasmic sequestering of protein; negative regulation of antifungal peptide production; and negative regulation of signal transduction. Located in cytosol; neuromuscular junction; and subsynaptic reticulum. Is expressed in several structures, including adult head; adult heart; adult neuromuscular junction; embryonic/larval salivary gland; and somatic muscle cell. Used to study collagen disease. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including childhood-onset asthma; ectodermal dysplasia and immunodeficiency 2; hematologic cancer (multiple); hepatitis B; and lung disease (multiple). Orthologous to several human genes including NFKBIA (NFKB inhibitor alpha). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 35F1-35F1; 2-52 cM

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (16313036..16326207, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (16313036..16326207, complement)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

It has been shown that Dorsal repressed Ush expression levels to promote hemocytes differentiation, whereas Cactus maintained Ush levels to block differentiation.
Title: The Friend of GATA Transcriptional Co-Regulator, U-Shaped, Is a Downstream Antagonist of Dorsal-Driven Prohemocyte Differentiation in Drosophila.
CalpA targets free Cactus, which is incorporated into and modulates Toll-responsive complexes in the embryo and immune system.
Title: Calpain A modulates Toll responses by limited Cactus/IκB proteolysis.
Dpp signals increase Cactus levels through Calpain A inhibition, thereby interfering with Dorsal activation
Title: The Ca2+-dependent protease Calpain A regulates Cactus/I kappaB levels during Drosophila development in response to maternal Dpp signals.
Cactus acts as an inhibitor of the Rel-transcription factors Dorsal and Dif.
Title: The inhibitor kappaB-ortholog Cactus is necessary for normal neuromuscular function in Drosophila melanogaster.
Dorsal and Cactus maybe necessary for normal function and maintenance of the neuromuscular system. These proteins can respond to synaptic activity.
Title: Synaptic activity modifies the levels of Dorsal and Cactus at the neuromuscular junction of Drosophila.
immune-induced degradation does not require CSN5
Title: COP9 signalosome subunit 5 (CSN5/Jab1) regulates the development of the Drosophila immune system: effects on Cactus, Dorsal and hematopoiesis.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables NF-kappaB binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables NF-kappaB binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein sequestering activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein sequestering activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in antimicrobial humoral response	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cytoplasmic sequestering of protein	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal appendage formation	HMP more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal/ventral axis specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal/ventral pattern formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of Toll signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of antifungal peptide production	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of hemocyte differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in oogenesis	HMP more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in neuromuscular junction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in subsynaptic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: cactus

Names: CG5848-PA; CG5848-PB; CG5848-PC; CG5848-PD; CG5848-PE; NF-kappa-B inhibitor cactus; cact; cact-PA; cact-PB; cact-PC; cact-PD; cact-PE; female-sterile-(2)-ltoRN48

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033779.5 Reference assembly

Range

16313036..16326207 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_057594.4 → NP_476942.1 cactus, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476942.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V0S3, Q03017, Q0E8Q3, Q9V3M6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C1C5B1, M9PD95

Related

FBpp0080403

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd00204
Location:260 → 416

ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...

pfam12796
Location:270 → 391

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

pfam13637
Location:230 → 286

Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

pfam13857
Location:381 → 438

Ank_5; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

sd00045
Location:229 → 263

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
NM_001273567.1 → NP_001260496.1 cactus, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001260496.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V0S3, Q03017, Q0E8Q3, Q9V3M6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C1C5B1, M9PD95

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd00204
Location:260 → 416

ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...

pfam12796
Location:270 → 391

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

pfam13637
Location:230 → 286

Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

pfam13857
Location:381 → 438

Ank_5; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

sd00045
Location:229 → 263

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
NM_165152.2 → NP_723960.1 cactus, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_723960.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V0S3, Q03017, Q0E8Q3, Q9V3M6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C1C5B1, M9PD95

Related

FBpp0080402

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd00204
Location:260 → 416

ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...

pfam12796
Location:270 → 391

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

pfam13637
Location:230 → 286

Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

pfam13857
Location:381 → 438

Ank_5; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

sd00045
Location:229 → 263

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
NM_205999.2 → NP_995721.1 cactus, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_995721.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V0S3, Q03017, Q0E8Q3, Q9V3M6

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C1C5B1, M9PD95

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd00204
Location:260 → 416

ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...

pfam12796
Location:270 → 391

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

pfam13637
Location:230 → 286

Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

pfam13857
Location:381 → 438

Ank_5; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

sd00045
Location:229 → 263

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]
NM_057595.4 → NP_476943.1 cactus, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_476943.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

C1C5B1

Related

FBpp0080404

Conserved Domains (5) summary

cd00204
Location:260 → 416

ANK; ankyrin repeats; ankyrin repeats mediate protein-protein interactions in very diverse families of proteins. The number of ANK repeats in a protein can range from 2 to over 20 (ankyrins, for example). ANK repeats may occur in combinations with other ...

pfam12796
Location:270 → 391

Ank_2; Ankyrin repeats (3 copies)

pfam13637
Location:230 → 286

Ank_4; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

pfam13857
Location:381 → 438

Ank_5; Ankyrin repeats (many copies)

sd00045
Location:229 → 263

ANK; ANK repeat [structural motif]