TMPRSS2 transmembrane serine protease 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: TMPRSS2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: transmembrane serine protease 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:11876
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000184012 MIM:602060; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11876
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: PRSS10
Summary: This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the serine protease family. The encoded protein contains a type II transmembrane domain, a receptor class A domain, a scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain and a protease domain. Serine proteases are known to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes. This gene was demonstrated to be up-regulated by androgenic hormones in prostate cancer cells and down-regulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer tissue. The protease domain of this protein is thought to be cleaved and secreted into cell media after autocleavage. This protein also facilitates entry of viruses into host cells by proteolytically cleaving and activating viral envelope glycoproteins. Viruses found to use this protein for cell entry include Influenza virus and the human coronaviruses HCoV-229E, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 virus). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2020]
Annotation information: Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Expression: Biased expression in prostate (RPKM 167.2), colon (RPKM 59.9) and 10 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 21q22.3

Exon count:: 15

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	21	NC_000021.9 (41464305..41508158, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	21	NC_060945.1 (39852990..39897690, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	21	NC_000021.8 (42836232..42880085, complement)

Chromosome 21 - NC_000021.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Mapping ACE2 and TMPRSS2 co-expression in human brain tissue: implications for SARS-CoV-2 neurological manifestations.
Title: Mapping ACE2 and TMPRSS2 co-expression in human brain tissue: implications for SARS-CoV-2 neurological manifestations.
Role of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms on COVID-19 outcome and disease severity in adult patients: A prospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital, Indonesia.
Title: Role of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms on COVID-19 outcome and disease severity in adult patients: A prospective cohort study in a tertiary hospital, Indonesia.
No evidence that ACE2 or TMPRSS2 drive population disparity in COVID risks.
Title: No evidence that ACE2 or TMPRSS2 drive population disparity in COVID risks.
Novel proteolytic activation of Ebolavirus glycoprotein GP by TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L at an uncharted position can compensate for furin cleavage.
Title: Novel proteolytic activation of Ebolavirus glycoprotein GP by TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L at an uncharted position can compensate for furin cleavage.
TMPRSS2 and glycan receptors synergistically facilitate coronavirus entry.
Title: TMPRSS2 and glycan receptors synergistically facilitate coronavirus entry.
Association of specific ACE2 and TMPRSS2 variants with circulatory cytokines of COVID-19 Emirati patients.
Title: Association of specific ACE2 and TMPRSS2 variants with circulatory cytokines of COVID-19 Emirati patients.
Association of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes variants with disease severity and most important biomarkers in COVID-19 patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Title: Association of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes variants with disease severity and most important biomarkers in COVID-19 patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
ACE2 acts as a novel regulator of TMPRSS2-catalyzed proteolytic activation of influenza A virus in airway cells.
Title: ACE2 acts as a novel regulator of TMPRSS2-catalyzed proteolytic activation of influenza A virus in airway cells.
Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 and Protease TMPRSS2 in Ocular Hypertension Eyes of Nonhuman Primate and Human.
Title: Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 and Protease TMPRSS2 in Ocular Hypertension Eyes of Nonhuman Primate and Human.
Host genetics and the profile of COVID-19 in indigenous people from the Brazilian Amazon: A pilot study with variants of the ACE1, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes.
Title: Host genetics and the profile of COVID-19 in indigenous people from the Brazilian Amazon: A pilot study with variants of the ACE1, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (333)

Phenotypes

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Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A meta-analysis of 87,040 individuals identifies 23 new susceptibility loci for prostate cancer. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study combining pathway analysis for typical sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Chinese Han populations. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

PMC310729P10 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:272650

GDB:434012 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:157204

D21S1876 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:18966

G29032 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:24652

SHGC-87658 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:62077

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables serine-type endopeptidase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables serine-type peptidase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in positive regulation of viral entry into host cell	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in protein autoprocessing	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in protein autoprocessing	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in proteolysis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of viral translation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: transmembrane protease serine 2

Names: epitheliasin; serine protease 10; transmembrane protease, serine 2

NP_001128571.1

EC 3.4.21.122

NP_001369649.1

EC 3.4.21.122

NP_005647.3

EC 3.4.21.122

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_047085.2 RefSeqGene

Range

27959..71812

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_1368

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001135099.1 → NP_001128571.1 transmembrane protease serine 2 isoform 1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).

Source sequence(s)

AA904080, AF270487, BC051839, DC382934

Consensus CDS

CCDS54486.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q96T73

Related

ENSP00000381588.3, ENST00000398585.7

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00112
Location:150 → 185

LDLa; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class A domain, a cysteine-rich repeat that plays a central role in mammalian cholesterol metabolism; the receptor protein binds LDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis; 7 successive cysteine-rich repeats of about ...

cd00190
Location:293 → 524

Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

pfam15494
Location:190 → 283

SRCR_2; Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain
NM_001382720.1 → NP_001369649.1 transmembrane protease serine 2 isoform 3

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AP001610

Consensus CDS

CCDS93100.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A7I2V474, C9JKZ3

Related

ENSP00000503877.1, ENST00000678171.1

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00112
Location:113 → 148

LDLa; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class A domain, a cysteine-rich repeat that plays a central role in mammalian cholesterol metabolism; the receptor protein binds LDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis; 7 successive cysteine-rich repeats of about ...

cd00190
Location:256 → 487

Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

pfam15494
Location:153 → 246

SRCR_2; Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain
NM_005656.4 → NP_005647.3 transmembrane protease serine 2 isoform 2

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005647.3

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) has an alternate 5' exon and uses a downstream AUG start codon, as compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus, as compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AF270487, AP001610, BC051839, BP276431

Consensus CDS

CCDS33564.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8K6Z8, B2R8E5, B7Z459, D3DSJ2, F8WES1, O15393, Q6GTK7, Q9BXX1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q96T73

Related

ENSP00000330330.5, ENST00000332149.10

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd00112
Location:113 → 148

LDLa; Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Class A domain, a cysteine-rich repeat that plays a central role in mammalian cholesterol metabolism; the receptor protein binds LDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis; 7 successive cysteine-rich repeats of about ...

cd00190
Location:256 → 487

Tryp_SPc; Trypsin-like serine protease; Many of these are synthesized as inactive precursor zymogens that are cleaved during limited proteolysis to generate their active forms. Alignment contains also inactive enzymes that have substitutions of the catalytic triad ...

pfam15494
Location:153 → 246

SRCR_2; Scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain